Women and Slavery: Africa,The Indian Ocean World,and the Medieval North Atlantic,Volume 1

Author: LARSON, PIERS M.; History and Memory in the Age of Enslavement. Becoming Merina in Highland Madagascar, 1770-1822.     

Cape Verde at the End of Atlantic Slavery

This article situates the Cape Verde islands in the last half-century of Atlantic slavery. It concentrates on the final decades of bondage in Cape Verde, abolished selectively in 1857 and in totality in 1878, set within a longer period that began with international conventions prohibiting slave trafficking north of the equator and ended with the imperfect end of Atlantic slavery in the 1880s. Several dynamic forces, I argue, gave the Cape Verde archipelago an outsized role in Atlantic slavery's uneven decline and destruction. Some of these forces – the enforcement of anti-trafficking conventions, British abolitionist activity, the eclipsing of enslaved by free-labour in transatlantic labour flows – should be categorised as local echoes of a larger Atlantic narrative. Yet, in Cape Verde, we also find a dynamic admixture of phenomena – ecological crisis, epidemic disease, the advent of South Atlantic steamship service, experimentations in free soil, and imperial renewal – that projected the archipelago into and onto a wider nineteenth-century world made by enslavement and its destruction.     

Between Slavery and Freedom on the Atlantic Coast of Honduras

African slaves exhibited considerable geographic and social mobility in late colonial Spanish Honduras. In the contested terrain of the Atlantic coast especially, people of African descent occupied a broad range of social roles. While English-owned slaves who escaped to Spanish territory were freed and then utilised as settlers and workers along the coast, the esclavos del Rey (‘Crown slaves’) originally employed in the construction of the fortress of San Fernando de Omoa found other avenues to enhance their status and even obtain varying degrees of freedom.     

Slavery in White and Black: Class and Race in the Southern Slaveholders' New World Order

Slave-breeding is a topic that has long divided American historians. Since the late nineteenth century, historians have sought out empirical evidence to prove or disprove the idea that some slave owners deliberately bred slaves for sale or to augment their own labour force. As a result, the historiographical treatment of slave-breeding has become bogged down in what Herbert Gutman called ‘the numbers game’. This essay re-examines the question of slave-breeding and challenges us to consider the broader historical meaning of such sensational accusations. It does this by focusing on the rhetoric of black and white abolitionists in the United States between 1830 and 1861. The author argues that slave-breeding discourse provided abolitionists with a narrative focal point with which to attract public attention to their concerns about the westward extension of slavery, the physical and emotional toll slavery wrought on enslaved women, and the trauma associated with the break-up of slave families.     

成都建设世界现代田园城市的文化构想

2009年12月的成都市委工作会议确立了成都建设“世界现代田园城市”的定位，其内涵包括世界级国际化城市，西部地区现代化特大中心城市，人与自然和谐相融、城乡一体的田园城市。并且制定了“三步走”的战略步骤：第一步为近期目标，用5年～8年时间把成都建设成为人居环境最佳、创业环境最优、综合竞争力最强的“新三最”城市；第二步为中期目标，     

William Blake and America: Freedom and Violence in the Atlantic World

Abstract

In this article, I consider the absence of a general readership of William Blake's poetry in nineteenth-century Britain and compare that neglect to the American Transcendentalists' reading of Songs of Innocence and Experience (1794) in the 1840s. The American interest in Blake's poetry is complemented by his fascination with the events in the Atlantic World in the years culminating in the American War of Independence. I will offer a reading of Blake's America: a Prophecy (1793) showing that the Civil War fulfilled his prophecy of inevitable future conflict. This is developed first by considering Ralph Waldo Emerson's changing responses to slavery and race during the turbulent middle decades of the century, and then by addressing Walt Whitman's attempt to negotiate postbellum America. This negotiation, I argue, results in the emergence of those two powerfully conflicting strains in his mature poetry: emancipatory fervour and simultaneous despair at the violence intrinsic in liberty.     

Slavery and liberty: The case of the Scottish Colliers

Slaves, Warfare, and Ideology in the Greek Historians. Peter Hunt. Cambridge: Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. 1998. xiv, 246pp. £37.50 (cloth). ISBN 0–521–58429–9.

The English in West Africa, 1681–1683: The Local Correspondence of the Royal African Company of England, 1681–1699, Part 1. Edited by Robin Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press/British Academy. 1997. xix, 363pp. £45.00. ISBN 0–19–726176–0.

Making Race and Nation: A Comparison of the United States, South Africa, and Brazil. Anthony W. Marx. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1998. xvi, 390pp. £22.50/US$29.95. ISBN 0–521–58455–8.

Liberating the Family. Gender and British Slave Emancipation in the Rural Western Cape, South Africa, 1823–1853. Pamela Scully. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Oxford: James Currey. xiii, 210, index, map. £40 (cloth); £15.95 (paper). ISBN 0–85255–678–0; 0–85255–628–4.

The Lesser Antilles in the Age of European Expansion. Edited by Robert Paquette and Stanley L. Engerman. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. 1996. xii, 383pp. £39.95. ISBN 0–8130–1428‐X.

Dictionary of Afro‐American Slavery. Updated with a New Introduction and Bibliography. Edited by Randall M. Miller and John David Smith. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997. xix, 892pp. £27.95 (paper). ISBN 0–275–95799–3.

Masters, Slaves, &; Subjects: The Culture of Power in the South Carolina Low Country, 1740–1790. Robert Olwell. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. 1998. xvi, 294pp. £38.95 (cloth); £13.95 (paper). ISBN 0–8014–3488–3; 0–8014–8491‐X.

Slavery, Freedom and Culture among Early American Workers. Graham Russell Hodges. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1998. xi, 185pp. $55.95 (cloth); $19.95 (paper). ISBN 0–7656–0112–5; 0–7656–0113–3.

Designs against Charleston: The Trial Records of the Denmark Vesey Slave Conspiracy of 1822. Edward A. Pearson. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xiii, 387pp. £31.50. ISBN: 0–8078–2446–1.

Of One Blood: Abolitionism and the Origins of Racial Equality. Paul Goodman. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1998. xxi, 303pp. $35.00. ISBN 0–520–20794–7.

Race, Place, and the Law, 1836–1948. David Delaney. Austin: University of Texas Press. 1998. x, 229pp. $35.00 (cloth); $17.95 (paper). ISBN 0–292–7–1596‐X; 0–292–71597–8.     

The Constitution and Slavery: A Special Relationship

In their efforts to understand how antebellum American abolitionists interpreted the relationship between slavery and the United States Constitution, scholars have underestimated abolitionists' concern with the question ‘Is the Constitution a pro-slavery document?’ Drawing on abolitionist newspapers, periodicals and correspondence, this article shows that the anti-slavery constitutional theories of the 1830s did not presume slavery to be unconstitutional, nor did they assume that the Constitution was pro-slavery, and therefore irrelevant to the abolitionist cause. These constitutional interpretive subtleties laid the foundations for the more prominent and radical theories that came in the following decade from the pens of Wendell Phillips and Lysander Spooner.