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1.
Alfonso Urzúa Claudia Miranda-Castillo Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar Franco Mascayano 《Social indicators research》2013,114(3):1295-1313
Schwartz defines cultural values as motivational types, where each value reflects goals and objectives to be achieved. According to Schwartz, cultural values are related to an orientation that is individualistic (values referred to as power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation and self-direction), collectivistic (benevolence, tradition and conformity) or mixed (security and universalism). Today, there is a theoretical consensus that cultural values are mediators in the evaluation of quality of life (QOL); nonetheless, there are few published studies to date relating them to QOL. To determine whether a significant relationship exits between cultural values and QOL in three Spanish-speaking countries. A total of 821 persons participated: 321 from Chile, 200 from Spain and 300 from Cuba. The Schwartz Cultural Values Survey and the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale were used. Analysis of variance, and correlation and regression analyses were preformed after collecting data. Only hedonism was significantly correlated with the global evaluation of QOL in Spain and Chile. Few correlations were found in all three countries between cultural values and the QOL domains evaluated, with the exceptions of the value of self-direction, which was related to physical well-being, and the value stimulation, which was correlated with psychological as well as social well-being in all three countries. Certain values may be associated with a better perception of QOL, depending on the particular culture of the population evaluated. 相似文献
2.
This paper examines the impact of relative income on income satisfaction with given absolute income. We conducted an experiment in China where participants earned three different levels of income according to their relative performance in a task. While the treatment group was informed about their relative income, the control group only knew their own absolute income. We found that while controlling for absolute income and other factors, information about relative income increases the satisfaction of the high-income group and reduces the satisfaction of the low-income group. Relative income may interact with individual characteristics, such as gender, to affect income satisfaction. We also found that relative income treatment significantly increases income satisfaction inequality, primarily by causing social comparisons among different income groups, which has some welfare implications. 相似文献
3.
Māori, the indigenous peoples of New Zealand, experience a range of negative outcomes. Psychological models and interventions
aiming to improve outcomes for Māori tend to be founded on a ‘culture-as-cure’ model. This view promotes cultural efficacy
as a critical resilience factor that should improve outcomes for Māori. This is a founding premise of initiatives for Indigenous
peoples in many nations. However, research modeling the outcomes of increased cultural efficacy for Indigenous peoples, such
as Māori, remains limited. We present cross-sectional data modeling the links, and possible causal direction, between Māori
cultural efficacy and active identity engagement and levels of (1) satisfaction with personal circumstances and life versus
(2) satisfaction with government and the state of the nation more generally (N = 93 Māori). Our data support an opposing outcomes model in which Māori cultural efficacy predicts satisfaction with personal
aspects of life, but may simultaneously decrease satisfaction with the nation and methods of governance for Māori peoples.
Possible mechanisms governing these opposing effects are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Māori are a collectivistic people living within a largely individualistic country. The present study tested whether Māori who practice higher levels of workplace collectivism feel greater alignment with their overall cultural beliefs, and report better mental health results because of their lower levels of anxiety and depression. Three hundred and thirty-six Māori employees were surveyed, and a regression analysis showed significant direct effects, with collectivism accounting for a sizable 20 % of the variance in both anxiety and depression. Two moderators relating to cultural knowledge and cultural language were also tested. Significant two-way interactions were found: high collectivism and high cultural knowledge led to low depression, and high cultural knowledge and high cultural language skills led to low depression and anxiety. A three-way interaction was found between anxiety, collectivism and cultural knowledge and/or language: low anxiety was reported by respondents with high collectivism and either high cultural knowledge or cultural language. Overall, the study highlights the importance of collectivism and cultural identity for Māori employees’ mental health. 相似文献
5.
Wolfgang Jagodzinski 《Social indicators research》2010,97(1):85-104
This paper investigates the influence of the economic, social, and cultural variables on life satisfaction in Asia and Europe.
The second section sets a unifying theoretical framework for all three domains by defining life satisfaction as a function
of aspirations and expectations which in turn are affected by micro- and macro-level variables. On the micro-level, economic
capital is a resource for the actor. On the macro-level, societal economic capital improves the opportunity structure for
the individual under certain conditions. Thus, economic capital on both levels positively affects the perceived chances of
fulfilling aspirations. As long as the latter remain unchanged life satisfaction will increase. Social and cultural factors
partially follow the same logic, as indicated by the terms social and cultural capital. Under a set of assumptions, the hypotheses
derived are that personal and societal economic capital, national pride and national integration, religiosity, and societal
religious integration, all positively affect the life satisfaction of the individual. A multi-level analysis of data from
the European Values Study and the AsiaBarometer confirms the micro-level hypotheses. The economic macro-level indicators also
display the theoretically expected positive effect on life satisfaction in the multivariate analysis of Asian and European
data. By contrast, the direct cross-level effects of a society’s national integration and particularly of religion do not
become significant in Europe, yet they are highly significant in Asia. This strong influence of the social and cultural context
in Asia can be interpreted in two different ways. 相似文献