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1.
Christiana Atibil 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(1):43-62
Despite civil society’s ambiguity, many scholars tend to focus on the economic reasons for the apparent conflict between state
and civil society, with little or no attention to the conceptual differences that may be influencing the behavior of public
and civil society actors. Using Ghana under J. J. Rawlings as a backdrop, this article argues that state–civil society relations
are partly shaped by the divergent conceptualizations of “civil society” held by state and civil society actors. It suggests
that the issue is not just the African state’s limited understanding of the multiple roles that civil society organizations
can legitimately play in the polity; it is also civil society’s lack of recognition and acknowledgment of the legitimate functions
of the African state. 相似文献
2.
Susan Appe 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(1):204-212
The term “mapping” has garnered a lot of attention in civil society research and nonprofit studies. Important contributions
to mapping discussions have often focused on definitional issues, what to include and not include, what the data is intended
for, and measurement challenges. However, the who is undertaking the mapping is often neglected in these discussions. This short article comments on Brent Never’s recent piece
in Voluntas and the mapping of civil society and nonprofit organizations in general. Never’s analysis pushes the conversation forward
by recommending better maps with both supply and demand of services for funders and policymakers at the local level. However,
it neglects the question of who should conduct the mapping and the implications resulting from who these mappers are. 相似文献
3.
Zuhal Unalp Cepel 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(2):328-349
Theoretical researches have argued that state–civil society relations differ from one country to another because of different
economic, political, and socio-cultural factors. This article aims to show civil society’s role in the Finnish welfare state
and how the state and the civil society affect each other in Joensuu, a 72,167 populated Finnish city. Joensuu case is analyzed
from the theoretical perspectives of Esping-Andersen (The three worlds of welfare capitalism, 1990), Young (Nonprofit Volunt Sector Q 29:149–172, 2000), and Schofer and Fourcade-Gourinchas (Am Sociol Rev 66: 806–828, 2001) by taking into account interviews with 13 members of voluntary organizations in the city. In the light of the field work,
the argument is based on the negative impact of welfare system’s transformation process on nongovernmental organizations in
Joensuu, Finland. 相似文献
4.
Celayne Heaton Shrestha Ramesh Adhikari 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2010,21(3):293-316
This article considers the relationship of civil society to the domain of the political from the actors’ perspectives. It
explores the attempt by a citizens’ movement (CMDP) in Nepal to construct new political realities in the context of the autocratic
regime of king Gyanendra and then during the democratic transition. This was, paradoxically, to be achieved through the construction
of an apolitical space. Theoretically, this production of apoliticality by civil society actors shows that civil society is not only implicated
in the expansion of what is understood as ‘political’ but also in setting its boundaries. The broader aims of the article
are to contribute to the ethnography of civil society and to add to current understandings of the relationship of actually
existing civil societies to the political domain. Practically, it argues that debates over whether civil society is or is
not political in the Nepal case and normative positions within development circles that it should not be political are misconceived
since civil society is a site for the production of both politicality and apoliticality. 相似文献
5.
William N. Holden R. Daniel Jacobson 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(4):325-350
Drawing on a range of fieldwork interviews, this paper discusses the opposition of civil society to nonferrous metals mining
in Guatemala. Guatemala’s mineral resources, and government efforts to encourage their extraction, are discussed, as is the
emergent civil society of that nation. Guatemalan civil society has opposed mining due to the impacts of its environmental
effects upon the poor engaged in subsistence agriculture. This opposition has involved protests, community consultations against
mining, and networking with the forces of global civil society. The paper concludes with a discussion of how this opposition
to mining is a manifestation of the opposition to neoliberalism currently underway in Latin America.
相似文献
William N. HoldenEmail: |
6.
This research note reflects on the gaps and limitations confronting the development of ethical principles regarding the accessibility of large-scale data for civil society organizations (CSOs). Drawing upon a systematic scoping study on the use of data in the United Kingdom (UK) civil society, it finds that there are twin needs to conceptualize accessibility as more than mere availability of data, as well as examine the use of data among CSOs more generally. In order to deal with the apparent “digital divide” in UK civil society – where, despite extensive government rhetoric about data openness, organizations face not only the barriers of limited time, funds, and expertise to harness data but also the lack of representation within existing data – we present a working model in which ethical concerns accompanying data utilization by civil society may be better accounted. This suggests there is a need for further research into the nexus of civil society and data upon which interdisciplinary discussion about the ethical dimensions of engagement with data, particularly informed by insight from the social sciences, can be predicated. 相似文献
7.
Jennifer Turpin Michael J. Webber Anne R. Roschelle William Edwards Joseph Angilella S.J. 《The American Sociologist》1996,27(3):8-26
This article provides a case study of successful departmental revitalization at the University of San Francisco. We examine
the current crisis in the field of sociology and others’ recommendations for addressing it. Reforms are outlined that transformed
USF Sociology from a nearly extinct program to a model department on campus.
Jennifer Turpin’s research focuses on violence, militarism, gender, and war; Mike Webber’s research examines the relationship
between business and politics; Anne Roschelle’s research concentrates on racial, ethnic, and underclass family networks; William
Edwards studies urban development, globalization, and social inequality; and Joseph Angilella’s interests include religion
and society and complex organizations. 相似文献
8.
Stanford M. Lyman 《The American Sociologist》1990,21(4):342-351
Despite Robert E. Park’s prominence in American sociology, his early writings (before 1913) have been neglected. This article
argues that Park’s early writings illustrate an important transitional phase in twentieth-century sociological thought. As
sociology moved out of German romantic philosophy and toward rationalism and positivism, it had to come to terms with the
existence of evil in the world. Park’s essays on the Congo formulated a more complex perspective on modernity’s modes of evil.
Along with the Congo essays, Park’s Black Belt studies form a comprehensive portrait of the double-sided moral character and
socioeconomic effects of the Reformation. Park’s early writings adumbrate a Gothic sociology of horror, in which the civilizational
process erodes the many folk cultures that it draws into its basic forms—civil society and urban life.
This article is a revised version of a paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, August
1990. Adapted from Stanford M. Lyman,Militarism, Imperialism, and Racial Accommodation: An Analysis and Interpretation of the Early Writings of Robert E. Park (Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 1991). 相似文献
9.
Alasdair Marshall Richard Telofski Udechukwu Ojiako Maxwell Chipulu 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(2):371-391
The purpose of this article is to develop a theory which frames the demands of civil society in such a way as to better enable
corporate subjects to manage and navigate ‘irregular’ engagement from activist organizations. Activist NGOs engage in advocacy
at times by mounting, facilitating or encouraging popular social campaigns and actions against targeted corporations. In many
cases, radical ‘direct action’ tactics are adopted, taking such approaches, NGOs may capitalise on the broader, more ethically
diverse strategic possibilities open to them than are available to their corporate adversaries. We employ institutional theory
to map out this asymmetric distribution of strategic possibility. We theorise NGOs and corporate subjects as effectively ‘competing’
with one another to maximise their own strategic possibilities and to minimise those of their opponents, in the perennial
battle for hearts and minds that plays out between NGOs, corporate subjects, and broader civil society actors who ultimately
determine boundary rules for NGO-corporate conflict. Within this context we explore the normative challenge arising from the
possibility that corporate subjects might seek to tip the competitive balance by learning from how the military has adapted
to successfully engage with ‘irregular’ adversaries through what is often termed ‘asymmetric’ or ‘irregular’ warfare. Should
corporations follow a similar adaptive process, by mirroring the ‘irregular’ strategies of activist groups? Drawing evidence
from the military experience, we suggest—perhaps counter intuitively—that such adaptations can create new opportunities for
conflict resolution and for building sustainable cooperation between former adversaries. 相似文献
10.
Stefan Einarsson 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2011,22(4):658-681
This article tries to enhance knowledge about organizational characteristics and processes that are important for mitigating
oligarchic tendencies in the governance of CSOs, and to discuss the factors that condition the operation of these characteristics
and processes. Civil society is frequently seen as an important part of societal governance and discussed as the intermediary
link between the individual and society. This connection is often made through the aggregate function of civil society organizations
(CSOs). Currently there are discussions regarding the decline of traditional cross-class federative CSOs and the possible
effect of this on democracy in society. This article presents a longitudinal case study of the governance within a large,
membership-based federative CSO and illustrates the revitalization of a CSO and its mission through the influx of a new group
of members from the surrounding environment. The author argues that this revitalization process was possible partly because
the proposed changes were in keeping with the organization’s original ideological core and partly because of the organization’s
open democratic governance system. This permeability is found at two levels: first, the borders are open for individuals to
enter the organization as members, and second, the borders of the internal governance system are open for members to take
part in the decision-making process. This enabled ideas to percolate up from the members through the democratic decision-making
system to the top of the organization, and some ideas are translated into statutes and policies, which then trickle down to
the members again through the executive structure. The conclusion is that a functioning democratic governance system, which
is able to stay true to the organization’s ideological core at the same time as it is able to modify it in light of societal
change, seems imperative for this kind of organization. By doing this, the organization is not just staying true to its original
mission but also actively contributing to democracy in society by including new groups into the decision-making process. 相似文献
11.
Helmut K. Anheier 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2007,18(1):1-15
This paper argues that the current academic debate about global civil society has reached a point where some assessment or reflection could be useful for informing the course of future research in the field. Behind this call for an assessment is the very nature of the debate and emerging gaps and weaknesses that together produce a potential slow-down in generating new knowledge and understanding of global civil society. There are several shortcomings to the current research approach: the failure to take account of other civil society traditions; the failure to address the relationship between global civil society, conflict, and violence; and, most critically, the neglect of the notion of civility, both conceptually and empirically. The balance of the paper then explores the implications of this new assessment of global civil society research. 相似文献
12.
Eghosa E. Osaghae 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2006,17(3):233-245
Although it has gained wide currency in the analysis of African politics, civil society remains a “mysterious” concept in need of proper grounding and understanding as an integral part of African social formation. This paper argues that one of the widely acclaimed canonical works in African studies, Peter Ekeh’s theory of colonialism and the two publics in Africa provides one of the most original perspectives for locating and understanding the character of modern civil society as a product of colonialism. In particular, the theory provides an explanation for why primordial attachments have remained fundamental to the structuration of civil society and why state–civil society relations have largely been fractured, instrumentalist, and dialectical in the post-colonial period.
相似文献
Eghosa E. OsaghaeEmail: |
13.
This article analyzes the processes taking place in the “post-Soviet space”—the former Soviet Union. This notion is viewed
as a special historical phenomenon implying not only common territory but also political, economic, cultural, mental, civil,
and other mutual ties inherited from the past. The social and political nature of the “post-Soviet space” is fast-changing
due to the impact of three interrelated factors: economic (the difference in economic potentials and the resource base, the
increasing dependence on fluctuations in prices for basic export commodities in the global market, and the weak domestic markets);
political (a new kind of conflicts between former Soviet republics, the instability of the political-party systems, the immaturity
of civil society, and the growth of authoritarian trends); and international one (the region is a crossroads of the geopolitical
interests of the world’s major players—Russia, the United States, the European Union and China). The vital importance of this
space for Russia causes it to pursue an active policy in this region. 相似文献
14.
Matteo Bortolini 《Theory and Society》2012,41(2):187-210
Current sociology of knowledge tends to take for granted Robert K. Merton’s theory of cumulative advantage: successful ideas
bring recognition to their authors, successful authors have their ideas recognized more easily than unknown ones. This article
argues that this theory should be revised via the introduction of the differential between the status of an idea and that
of its creator: when an idea is more important than its creator, the latter becomes identified with the former, and this will
hinder recognition of the intellectual’s new ideas as they differ from old ones in their content or style. Robert N. Bellah’s
performance during the “civil religion debate” of the 1970s is reconstructed as an example of how this mechanism may work.
Implications for further research are considered in the concluding section. 相似文献
15.
Human resource shortages require effective human resource management (HRM). Findings from research about ongoing labor shortages
in air traffic control (ATC) are used to build a preliminary theory of appropriate HRM responses. Our international sample
of major ATC agencies generally developed a set of best HRM practices to attract, motivate, and retain human assets. Key factors
included (1) cultural and institutional norms, (2) technological change, (3) union responses, and (4) organizational form
and structure (e.g., civil service versus commercial firms). While ATC’s rare human aptitudes, lengthy training to develop
firm-specific human capital, and lifelong employment may limit the preliminary theory’s general applicability, crucial lessons
emerge about human resource planning.
This research was conducted with the support of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, the Rice Fellowship,
the Ziegler Fellowship, and the Center for International Business Studies at the University of Alberta. We are indebted to
the individuals interviewed. 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTAlgorithmic discrimination has become one of the critical points in the discussion about the consequences of an intensively datafied world. While many scholars address this problem from a purely techno-centric perspective, others try to raise broader social justice concerns. In this article, we join those voices and examine norms, values, and practices among European civil society organizations in relation to the topic of data and discrimination. Our goal is to decenter technology and bring nuance into the debate about its role and place in the production of social inequalities. To accomplish this, we rely on Nancy Fraser’s theory of abnormal justice which highlights interconnections between maldistribution of economic benefits, misrecognition of marginalized communities, and their misrepresentation in political processes. Fraser’s theory helps situate technologically mediated discrimination alongside other more conventional kinds of discrimination and injustice and privileges attention to economic, social, and political conditions of marginality. Using a thematic analysis of 30 interviews with civil society representatives across Europe’s human rights sector, we bring clarity to this idea of decentering. We show how many groups prioritize the specific experiences of marginalized groups and ‘see through’ technology, acknowledging its connection to larger systems of institutionalized oppression. This decentered approach contrasts the process-oriented perspective of tech-savvy civil society groups that shy from an analysis of systematic forms of injustice. 相似文献
17.
Rachel Rinaldo 《Qualitative sociology》2011,34(4):539-560
Since 1998, Indonesia’s democratization has produced contentious public debates, many of which revolve around issues of gender
and sexual morality. Yet such controversies not only often focus on women, but also involve women as participants. This article
examines how Muslim women activists in two organizations adapt global discourses to participate in important public sphere
debates about pornography and polygamy. Indonesia’s moral debates demonstrate an important way in which global discourses
are negotiated in national settings. In the debates, some pious women use discourses of feminism and liberal Islam to argue
for women’s equality, while others use Islam to call for greater moral regulation of society. My research demonstrates that
global discourses of feminism and Islamic revivalism are mediated through national organizations which shape women’s political
activism and channel it in different directions. Women’s political subjectivities are thus shaped through their involvement
in national organizations that structure the ways they engage with global discourses. The Indonesian case shows not only that
the national should not be conflated with the local, but also demonstrates the significance of national contexts and histories
for understanding global processes. 相似文献
18.
Linda Fuller 《The American Sociologist》1988,19(2):99-120
This paper introduces the concept of forbidden research terrains and examines one such terrain in detail: post-revolutionary
Cuba. After exploring the characteristics of this forbidden research terrain, the paper examines how it was initially created.
Through an historical analysis of U.S.-Cuban relations between 1959 and mid-1960, Cuba’s forbidden designation is shown to
be the result of U.S. actions prompted by the very broad conception of U.S. interests held by state decision makers. Next,
the consequences of Cuba’s forbidden status are investigated and found to include heightened state power in the foreign policy
arena. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of other possible forbidden research terrains which are also politically
inspired.
Some of her past work on the politics of workers’ control in post-revolutionary Cuba has been published inLatin American Perspectives andWorld Development. Currently she is comparing unions in Cuba with those in the GDR. 相似文献
19.
Pete Alcock Jeremy Kendall 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2011,22(3):450-469
Discussion about, and analysis of, the question of definition and the third sector and civil society more generally has developed
to a significant degree in recent years. This paper can be located in a new phase of recent research, which seeks to attend
to the historical, cultural and politically contingent nature of this domain’s boundaries. The process of constituting the
sector is discussed as the product of new discourses of decontestation and contention within third sector policy and practice.
It takes England as a case study, drawing on evidence and argument assembled by the authors in recent and ongoing research
efforts, variously conducted with the support of the Third Sector Research Centre (TSRC) and the European Commission. The
paper proceeds by discussing relevant literature; describing recent patterns of policy institutionalisation; and then tries
to draw out more analytically how this process of constitution has been associated not so much with a stable and consistent
set of definitions and constructs, but rather with unstable and changing formulations, which reflect the playing out of a
dual process of decontestation and contention. 相似文献
20.
Michael Polanyi’s defense of freedom in science and society conflicts in major ways with Weber (process of rationalization,
value neutrality of sociologists), Popper (objective knowledge, open society), and technological or oppositional sociology.
Polanyi rejects positivism, utilitarianism, and Marxism, and defends freedom as a necessary condition for pursuit of spiritual
ideals such as truth, justice, charity, and tolerance. Half truths about science seen as rejecting tradition, faith, authority,
values, and the subjective, have helped bring valuable social results, but in the form taken by radical philosophical skepticism
(doubt), also called objectivism, they also threaten freedom itself. A more truthful account is needed. Scientists and citizens
who would maintain a free society are morally responsible persons, joined together in quest of truth and certain other ideals,
demanding of themselves and each other that they be faithful to that quest. Polanyi’s thought has connections with that of
Shils, and has implications for what Shils calls a consensual sociology.
Louis H. Swartz teaches law, and is interested in the development of sociological theory and legal sociology, building upon
the contributions of Polanyi and Shils. 相似文献