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1.
Betancourt LM Brodsky NL Brown CA McKenna KA Giannetta JM Yang W Romer D Hurt H 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(2):225-238
Our objectives for this report were to identify trajectories of youth gambling behavior, and to examine their relation to
executive cognitive function (ECF) and associated problem behaviors. Philadelphia school children, enrolled at ages 10–12 years
(n = 387; 49% male), completed three annual assessments of risk behaviors, ECF, impulsivity, problem behaviors and demographics.
Across ages 10–15 years, using methods from Nagin et al., two groups were identified: Early Gamblers (n = 111) initiated early and continued in later assessments, and Later Gamblers (n = 276) initiated at later ages and gambled less. Betting money on cards and sports were the most frequently reported gambling
behaviors. Using gambling group as outcome, final backward selection logistic regression model showed Early Gamblers are more
likely male (P = 0.001), report more active coping (P = 0.042), impulsive behaviors (P ≤ 0.008), and have friends who gamble (P = 0.001). Groups were similar in ECF, parental monitoring, marital status, SES, and race. Early Gamblers had higher incidence
of problem behaviors and drug use (all P ≤ 0.006). Two gambling groups were identified in early adolescence with Early Gamblers showing higher levels of impulsivity
and comorbid problems but similar levels of ECF compared to Late Gamblers. As more gambling groups are identified through
later adolescence, ECF may emerge as a relevant precursor of problem gambling at this later time. 相似文献
2.
Barnes GM Welte JW Tidwell MC Hoffman JH 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(4):575-586
Two representative U.S. telephone surveys of gambling were conducted—an adult survey of adults aged 18 years and older (n = 2,631)
and a youth survey of young people aged 14–21 years old (n = 2,274). Because the questions and methods were the same or similar
in both surveys, the data from these two surveys were combined into a single dataset to examine the prevalence and sociodemographic
correlates of gambling and problem gambling across the lifespan. The present work focused specifically on gambling on the
lottery which is the most prevalent form of gambling in the U.S. The frequency of gambling on the lottery increased sharply
from mid adolescence to age 18 which is the legal age to purchase lottery tickets in most states; lottery play continued to
increase into the thirties when it leveled off and remained high through the sixties and then decreased among those 70 years
and older. Considering multiple sociodemographic factors together in a negative binomial regression, the average number of
days of lottery gambling was significantly predicted by male gender, age, neighborhood disadvantage and whether or not lottery
was legal in the state where the respondent lived. These findings can be used to inform policies regarding lotteries in the
U.S. 相似文献
3.
Joanne Lloyd Helen Doll Keith Hawton William H. Dutton John R. Geddes Guy M. Goodwin Robert D. Rogers 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(3):387-399
In order to learn about the behaviours and health experiences of people who gamble on the Internet, we conducted an international
online survey with respondents recruited via gambling and gambling-related websites. The mean (SD) age of the 4,125 respondents
completing the survey was 35.5 (11.8) years, with 79.1% being male and 68.8% UK residents. Respondents provided demographic
details and completed validated psychometric screening instruments for problem gambling, mood disturbances, as well as alcohol
and substance misuse, and history of deliberate self harm. We applied latent class analysis to respondents’ patterns of regular
online gambling activities, and identified subgroups of individuals who used the Internet to gamble in different ways (L
2 = 44.27, bootstrap P = 0.07). We termed the characteristic profiles as ‘non-to-minimal gamblers’; ‘sports bettors’; ‘casino & sports gamblers’;
‘lottery players’; and ‘multi-activity gamblers’. Furthermore, these subgroups of respondents differed on other demographic
and psychological dimensions, with significant inter-cluster differences in proportion of individuals scoring above threshold
for problem gambling, mood disorders and substance misuse, and history of deliberate self harm (all Χ
2s > 23.4, all P-values <0.001). The ‘casino & sports’ and ‘multi-activity-gamblers’ clusters had the highest prevalence of mental disorder.
Internet gamblers appear to be heterogeneous but composed of several subgroups, differing markedly on both demographic and
clinical characteristics. 相似文献
4.
Katharine M. Papoff Joan E. Norris 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(2):185-199
Instant ticket purchase gambling (ITPG) is pervasive in Ontario and has features that mimic slot machine play. Previous researchers
have reported that ITPG is one preferred activity for at-risk/problem gamblers. In the general Canadian population, rate of
participation in ITPG is second only to lottery ticket gambling. Both are particularly favored by youth and seniors. The next
cohort of seniors will be Canada’s baby boomers, one-third of whom live in Ontario. Secondary analysis of Statistics Canada
data revealed that adults in this cohort who buy instant gambling tickets (N = 1781) are significantly different from the complete group of their age peers (N = 4266) in number of activities pursued and frequency of involvement. At-risk/problem gambling prevalence was 10.2% amongst
Ontario baby boomers who participate in instant ticket gambling, significantly higher than the 6.7% found amongst the total
group of baby boom gamblers. For those who reported experiencing one or more of the Canadian Problem Gambling Index indicators
for problem gambling (N = 237), 73% were buying instant tickets. Future research should consider cohort effects and explore combinations of preferred
gambling activities that may increase risk for problem gambling. Social policy recommendations include the use of all ITPG
venues as key locations for promoting awareness of problem gambling treatment services.
This work was funded by Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre. 相似文献
5.
John W. Welte Grace M. Barnes Marie-Cecile O. Tidwell Joseph H. Hoffman 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(1):49-61
Two national U.S. telephone surveys of gambling were conducted, an adult survey (age 18 and over, N = 2,631) in 1999–2000 and a youth (age 14–21, N = 2,274) survey in 2005–2007. The data from these surveys were combined to examine the prevalence of any gambling, frequent
gambling and problem gambling across the lifespan. These types of gambling involvement increased in frequency during the teens,
reached a high level in the respondents’ 20s and 30s, and then fell off in as the respondents aged. The notion that gambling
involvement generally, and especially problem gambling, is most prevalent during the teens was not supported. A comparison
of the age patterns of gambling involvement and alcohol involvement showed that alcohol involvement peaks at a younger age
than gambling involvement; and thus, the theory that deviant behaviors peak at an early age applies more to alcohol than to
gambling. 相似文献
6.
Loo JM Oei TP Raylu N 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(3):453-466
The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese 9-item Problem Gambling Severity Index
(PGSI) derived from the 31-item Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) originally developed by Ferris and Wynne (2001). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n = 386; Group A data) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 387; Group B data) on the Chinese student and community data (Mean age = 25.36 years) showed that a unifactorial model
fitted the data with good reliability score (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.77). The concurrent validity of the PGSI-C was good in terms
of the Chinese data matching the expected correlation between PGSI-C and other variables or scales such as SOGS, gambling
frequency, gambling urge, gambling cognitions, depression, anxiety, and stress. The scale also reported good discriminant
and predictive validity. In sum, the PGSI-C has good psychometric properties and can be used among Chinese communities to
identify at-risk problem gamblers. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Momper SL Nandi V Ompad DC Delva J Galea S 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):49-65
Objectives To examine the prevalence of gambling and types of gambling activities in a sample of undocumented Mexican immigrants. Design Non-probability cross-sectional design. Setting New York City. Sample The 431 respondents ranged in age from 18 to 80 (mean age 32), 69.7% were male. Results More than half (53.8%) reported gambling in their lifetime and of those most (43.9%) played scratch and win tickets or the
lottery. In multivariate analyses men reported gambling more than women [2.13, 95% CI = (1.03, 4.38)]. The odds of gambling
in their lifetime were higher among those reporting sending money to family or friends in the home country [2.65, 95% CI = 1.10,
6.38)], and those who reported 1–5 days as compared to no days of poor mental health in the past 30 days [2.44, 95% CI = 1.22,
4.89)]. Conversely, those who reported entering the U.S. to live after 1996 were less likely to report gambling [0.44, 95%
CI = (0.22, 0.89)] as compared to those who had lived in the U.S. longer. Conclusion There is a need to further explore both the prevalence and the severity of gambling amongst the growing population of undocumented
Mexican immigrants in the U.S. 相似文献
8.
Jessie L. Breyer Andria M. Botzet Ken C. Winters Randy D. Stinchfield Gerald August George Realmuto 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(2):227-238
Young adulthood is a period renowned for engagement in impulsive and risky behaviors, including gambling. There are some indications
that young adults exhibit higher gambling rates in comparison to older adults. Problem gambling has also been linked to ADHD.
This longitudinal study examines the relationship between gambling and ADHD among an epidemiological sample of young adults
(n = 235; males = 179, females = 56) aged 18-24. Results indicate that individuals who report childhood ADHD symptoms which
persist into young adulthood experience greater gambling problem severity than participants with no ADHD or those with non-persistent
ADHD. 相似文献
9.
Sophie Inglin Gerhard Gmel 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(2):299-316
The present study aims to analyze attitudes and beliefs of the French-speaking general Swiss population (n = 2500; female n = 1280; mean age = 43 years) as regards gambling, which are to date almost exclusively studied in the North American and
Australian contexts. Beliefs related to gambling include the perception of the effectiveness of preventive measures toward
gambling, the comparative risk assessment of different addictive behaviors, the perceived risks of different types of gambling
and attitudes are related to the gambler’s personality. The general population perceived gambling rather negatively and was
conscious of the potential risks of gambling; indeed, 59.0% of the sample identified gambling as an addictive practice. Slot
machines were estimated to bear the highest risk. Compared with women and older people, men and young people indicated more
positive beliefs about gambling; they perceived gambling as less addictive, supported structural preventive measures less
often, and perceived gambling as a less serious problem for society. Gamblers were more likely to put their practices into
perspective, perceiving gambling more positively than non-gamblers. General population surveys on such beliefs can deliver
insights into preventive actions that should be targeted to young men who showed more favorable views of gambling, which have
been shown to be associated with increased risk for problematic gambling. 相似文献
10.
The Impact of Social Desirability Biases on Self-Report Among College Student and Problem Gamblers 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Kuentzel JG Henderson MJ Melville CL 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(3):307-319
The impacts of two types of social desirability bias, self-deceptive enhancement (SDE) and impression management (IM), were
examined on self-reports of gambling problems, measured by the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and recent gambling behavior, as measured by the Timeline Followback (TLFB) method, in a sample of college students (N = 191), and a sample of treatment-seeking problem gamblers (N = 49). Consistent with our expectations, IM was negatively associated with SOGS scores in both samples. IM was most highly
correlated with SOGS scores among treatment-seeking participants (r = −.44, p < .01). Substantial numbers of participants in both samples had high enough IM scores as to call into question the validity
of their self-report gambling data, according to published interpretive guidelines. With respect to SDE, we had predicted
that it would be positively related to gambling behaviors and gambling-related problems, but found that SDE was inversely
related to SOGS scores in both samples. Very little evidence was found for social desirability effects on TLFB scores. Thus,
preliminary evidence was obtained that self-report data on gambling problems, but not on gambling behavior (frequency of gambling
and amount of time and money spent), may be susceptible to the effects of impression management in both college students and
treatment-seeking gamblers. 相似文献
11.
Serena M. King Kenneth Abrams Todd Wilkinson 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(3):347-359
The present study examined the degree to which gambling behaviors and gambling-relevant cognitive distortions could be predicted
by personality factors, gender, and familial history of substance use and gambling problems in a large sample of college students
(N = 581). Results indicate that parental gambling problems and, especially for males, a propensity to experience negative emotions
predicted time spent gambling and gambling problems. Negative emotionality, along with parental substance use problems, impulsivity,
and being male predicted gambling-related cognitive distortions. The differing pattern for impulsivity with respect to behaviors
and beliefs might be explained by the low accessibility of gambling venues for the student population. We compare the present
findings with past studies examining gambling behaviors in adult populations. 相似文献
12.
Storr CL Lee GP Derevensky JL Ialongo NS Martins SS 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(2):325-336
This study explored the cross sectional association between adverse life events and gambling in a sample of 515 urban adolescents
(average age 17, 55% male, 88% African American). Approximately half of the sample had gambled in the past year (51%); 78%
of the gamblers gambled monthly and 39% had a gambling-related problem. On the other hand, 88% of the sample had experienced
at least one life event in the past year, and those experiencing events tended to live in more disadvantaged neighborhoods.
The mere acknowledgement of experiencing a stressful life event in the past year (yes/no) was not associated with an increase
in odds of being a gambler, with gambling more frequently, or with having a gambling problem. However, when the context of
the event was considered, an association was found between directly experiencing threatening and deviant/violent types of
events and frequent gambling (OR > 2). Additionally, the probability of being a gambler increased as the number of events
experienced increased (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.13, P = 0.013), but problems among gamblers were not associated with the number of events experienced (aOR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.92,
1.11, P = 0.876). During adolescence, life events appear to be connected more with the frequency of gambling rather than with problems
related to gambling. 相似文献
13.
Li H Zhang JJ Mao LL Min SD 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(3):515-540
The purpose of this study was to identify and examine consumer perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in China's sports lottery industry, and the effect of perceived CSR initiatives on sports lottery consumption behavior. Research participants (N = 4,980), selected based on a computer-generated, randomly stratified multistage sampling process, comprised Chinese residents who had purchased sports lottery tickets in the past 12 months. They completed a questionnaire that was derived from a qualitative research process. A factor analysis extracted two factors associated with perceptions of CSR in China's sports lottery administration: Regulatory and Prevention Responsibilities and Product Development Responsibility. Logistic regression analyses revealed that these two factors were influential of consumer behavior (i.e., relative and absolute expenditure, purchasing frequency, and time commitment). This study represents an initial effort to understand the dimensions of perceived CSR associated with Chinese sports lottery. The findings signify the importance of enforcing CSR in sports lottery administration. 相似文献
14.
Rockloff MJ 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(2):207-216
A 3 item screen for problem gambling was developed based on a conceptual analogue of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (Bush et al. in Arch Intern Med 158:1789–1795, 1998); a brief screen that measures consumption rather than harm. Data were collected from an email panel survey of 588 men and
810 women (n = 1,398) across all states in Australia. Respondents indicated their consumption of gambling products using the 3 items of
the new Consumption Screen for Problem Gambling (CSPG). Receiver Operating Characteristics curve analysis was used to analyze
the performance of the new items relative to the Problem Gambling Severity Index (Ferris and Wynne in The Canadian problem
gambling index: Final report, 2001). Results show a 98% probability that the CSPG score for a randomly chosen positive case of problem gambling will exceed
the score for a randomly chosen negative case. In addition, a score of 4+ on the CSPG identified all 14 cases of Problem Gambling
correctly, while only 7.3% of non-problem gamblers had scores of 4+ (sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 92.7%). Lastly, only
3.0% of respondents without any gambling problems had CSPG scores of 4+. The current study suggests that the CSPG, a brief consumption-based measure for
gambling products, can quickly and accurately identify people who are likely to be experiencing gambling problems. 相似文献
15.
Mythily Subramaniam Benjamin Tang Edimansyah Abdin Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar Louisa Picco Siow Ann Chong 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2016,32(1):291-305
The aim of the current study was to examine the socio-demographic correlates, the association of mental and physical illness, and the prevalence of pathological gambling among three groups (1) those with lottery gambling only (2) those with lottery and other types of gambling and (3) those with other types of gambling only—such as playing cards, sports betting, horse racing, casino gambling etc. Data was used from a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological nationally representative survey of the resident (Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents) population in Singapore of 6616 Singaporean adults aged 18 years and older. All respondents were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen to screen for pathological gambling. The diagnoses of mental disorders were established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and relevant socio-demographic data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Lottery gambling was by far the most popular form of gambling in Singapore, with 83.5 % of those who had ever gambled indicating that they had participated in lottery gambling. Those who participated in lottery gambling alone were more likely to belong to the older age group (as compared to the 18–35 years age group), be of Indian ethnicity, have a secondary or vocational education, and earn a lower income as compared to the other two groups. Our findings that those with pure lottery gambling were significantly less likely to be pathological gamblers and had significantly lower odds of psychiatric and physical morbidity as compared to the other two groups are unique and need further research. 相似文献
16.
People gamble for emotional, social and monetary reasons. However, it remains unclear whether the relationships between these distinct aspects of gambling motivation and gambling behaviour hold across gender and types of gambling. Thus, the current study compared gambling motivation across different subgroups while taking into account problem gambling severity. A total of 4945 adults were recruited as part of the Northern Territory (Australia) population gambling survey. Of the full sample, 1207 participants (52% female) completed the Gambling Outcomes Expectancies Scale to assess gambling motivation. This subsample comprised those who scored one or more on the PGSI (n = 407) and a random sample of those who gambled at least once a year with a PGSI of zero (n = 800). The findings revealed excitement, escape and monetary expectancies increased in concert with gambling risk for both men and women, although only escape differentiated the low-risk and at-risk gamblers when other expectancies were controlled. In relation to differences across types of gambling, horse races/sports bettors rated excitement but not escape more favourably than lottery players. These findings suggest problem gambling severity should be considered when examining motivation difference by gender and that gambling motivation depends, in part, on preferred activity. 相似文献
17.
Vitaro F Wanner B Brendgen M Tremblay RE 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(4):535-553
We compared offspring of problem gamblers (n = 42) to offspring of parents without gambling problems (n = 100) to see (1) whether the two groups differed with respect to depressive feelings and conduct/antisociality problems
and (2) whether ineffective parenting or the offspring’s own gambling problems played a mediating role in this context. Participants
were drawn from a relatively large community-based study (N = 1,872). Parents rated their own gambling and other mental health problems when their children were in mid-adolescence.
The children’s self-reports on depressive feelings and conduct/antisociality problems were assessed at two points in time:
by mid-adolescence and again by early adulthood. Results showed that children of parents with gambling problems reported more
depressive feelings and more conduct problems by mid-adolescence than children of parents without gambling problems. Children
of problem gamblers also experienced an increase in their depressive symptoms from mid-adolescence to early adulthood. Importantly,
ineffective parenting, but not children’s gambling problems, mediated almost all the links between parental problem gambling
and children’s adjustment problems. These results add to a very small data base showing that children of problem gamblers
are at risk for a variety of adjustment problems.
相似文献
Frank VitaroEmail: |
18.
Yaromir Munoz Jean-Charles Chebat Jacob Amnon Suissa 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(4):593-609
Video lottery terminals (VLT) are a highly lucrative gambling format, but at the same time they are among the most hazardous.
Previous research has shown that threatening warnings may be an appropriate approach for promoting protective behavior. The
present study explores the potential benefits of threatening warnings in the fight against compulsive gambling. A 4 × 2 factorial
design experiment was used to test our model based on both Elaboration Likelihood Model and Protection Motivation Theory. 258 VLT adult players (58% males, 42% females) with various degrees of problem gambling were exposed to three threat levels
(plus a control condition) from two different sources (i.e., either a medical source or a source related to the provider of
VLT’s). Our results show that both higher threat warnings and the medical source of warnings enhance Depth of Information
Processing. It was also found that Depth of Information Processing affects positively attitude change and compliance intentions.
The theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
19.
Blankenship J Starling R Woodall WG May PA 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2007,23(2):157-174
Alcohol consumption and its relationship to gambling was examined in a statewide New Mexico survey in 1996 and 1998. Data
regarding both drinking habits and gambling behavior were obtained from a stratified random sample of the adult population
(N = 2674) across the entire State of New Mexico via phone survey. These surveys were carried out shortly after a period when
New Mexico experienced an initial surge in the legalized gaming industry. Fifty-seven percent of survey respondents reported
drinking in the past month, while 43.1% reported no drinking in the past 30 days. Results show that while the number of days
in the past 30 that a person drinks is significantly correlated with some types of gambling behavior (e.g., in 1998, drinking
more days was associated with more card gambling and sports gambling), it is the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion that
is associated with more gambling behavior. For example, in both 1996 and 1998, drinking more per occasion was associated with
more sports betting, dice gambling, number/lottery gambling, gambling using machines, and paper game gambling (e.g., pull
tabs, punchboard). These results suggest that problem gambling behavior is not affected as much by the number of occasions
on which one consumes alcohol, as by the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion. 相似文献
20.
Jean-Michel Costes Sylvia Kairouz Eva Monson Vincent Eroukmanoff 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2018,34(4):1293-1311
Lotteries are one of the most prevalent forms of gambling and generate substantial state revenues. They are also argued to be one of the least harmful forms of gambling. This paper is one of the first to examine exclusive lottery gamblers and compares their gambling patterns and problems as well other associated risky behaviours to those who are not exclusive lottery gamblers. Data were derived from two large surveys conducted with representative adult samples in France (n?=?15,635) and Québec (n?=?23,896). Participants were separated into two groups: exclusive lottery gamblers (ELGs) and non-exclusive lottery gamblers. Using multivariate analysis, study results reveal that ELGs, who represent two thirds of gamblers, generally exhibit less intensive gambling patterns and are less likely to report other risky behaviours. However, harms associated with moderate risk and problem gambling are found to be concentrated in specific subpopulations for both groups, primarily males, older individuals, and those who report lower income and education level. Given widespread participation in lotteries and concentration of harm within specific subgroups, these findings point to the need for prevention efforts despite the lower levels of harm associated with lottery gambling. 相似文献