I'm Telling! The Content, Context, and Consequences of Children's Tattling on their Siblings

Tattling on siblings was observed in 40 families with 2- and 4-year-old children. All but 5 children reported sibling misbehaviour to parents with younger siblings tattling largely to recruit parental help in resolving conflict issues, and older siblings tattling both in the context of conflict and merely to inform parents of their siblings' misbehaviour. Parents rarely reprimanded children for tattling, but either ignored it, or responded to information in tattlers' reports regardless of context or whether older or younger children tattled. Children did not tattle equally on all sibling transgressions, but emphasized physical aggression and property damage, issues that also elicited parental discipline. Tattling is discussed in relation to children's understanding of the dynamics and moral standards of family life.     

讲故事于社工教学之意义

本身还属于青少年群体的社会工作专业的学生,能否驾驭未来的青少年社会工作,和其自身对青少年的理解程度以及掌握的工作技能有关。为了在教学中能够达到这一目标,笔者尝试了讲故事的教学方法。实践证明,这种方式能够使学生自己成为最好的学习资源,讲故事的过程是学生了解自己、了解他人、得以成长和掌握工作技能的一种重要的方法。     

体验本真性：北漂青年的社会交往与双重生活

通过对A青年空间的案例研究,本文力图呈现制度性个体化背景下中产阶层北漂青年所经历的双重生活。在高度竞争性的制度环境中,北漂青年一方面形成了适应功利型人生模式的奋斗自我,另一方面却对制度化的生活感到怀疑和失落,在制度依赖与自主需求之间挣扎。在青年空间中建构社会交往成为他们探寻“本真性自我”的方式。然而,青年空间中的社会交往以“反日常”为前提,本真性自我的建构往往成为一种悬置性体验,并且悖论式地遵循着制度化生活的逻辑。本文反思了现有文献对中国社会个体化的讨论中功利型取向的“奋斗个体”范式,丰富了对个体化进程中当代青年生活处境与主观世界的理解。     

Employability,Poverty and the Spheres of Sociability – Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey

Policymakers in the UK and beyond have sought to promote interventions to encourage social capital‐building among disadvantaged groups. One specific concern is that those with limited access to social capital/social network relationships will be at greater risk of experiencing both unemployment and poverty. By analyzing longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), we seek to identify significant relationships between poverty and the likelihood of entering employment, and different measures of ‘sociability’ and social isolation. Crucially, we discuss if and how measures of sociability/social isolation are associated with jobseekers' varying chances of exiting and re‐entering work and how this varies with their experience of poverty. These issues are important because if sociability impacts on the likelihood of entering employment from a state of worklessness, then policymakers need to understand how cycles of social and labour market exclusion are associated with the rates of entering employment in order to develop effective interventions to improve jobseekers' employability and combat poverty. Following an analysis of BHPS data, we identify lessons for policy for combating long‐term unemployment and promoting social inclusion.     

清原满族自治县绿色屏障四河之源

清原,一个清新悦耳的名字,一座山水小城,勤劳聪慧的满乡人创造了它的辉煌与美丽. 清原,位于辽宁省东部山区,归抚顺市管辖,素有"绿色屏障"、"矿藏宝库"、"四河之源"、"天然药园"美誉.     

The Cost of Selling Public Rental Housing: Victoria and South Australia Compared

A comparison of the cost of selling public rental housing is made between two state housing authorities which have similar sized rental stocks but which have sold different percentages of total constructions. Using data from annual reports, it is found that Victoria's policy of selling to sitting tenants has resulted in higher per unit costs on the unsold rental stock than in South Australia where very few houses have been sold to sitting tenants. It is argued that tenants who do not buy necessarily subsidize those who do buy, and that if governments wish to encourage sales then they, and not the bulk of public tenants, should pay for the cost of sales.     

基于技术性贸易壁垒保护功能两重性的经济效应分析

运用局部均衡模型分别从技术性贸易壁垒保护功能两重性即从基于经济利益的保护和基于市场失灵的保护两个角度,分析了技术性贸易壁垒对经济系统及其参与各方的影响.如果是基于经济利益,使用技术性贸易壁垒进行直接的产业保护,保护了本国生产者的利益,但由于消费品价格提高,损害了消费者的利益,降低了消费者的效用,给进口国带来明显的福利损失;如果是基于市场失灵的保护,出于消减除外部性目的的技术性贸易壁垒,从保护消费者利益角度看,可以提高社会福利;从生产者的角度看,虽然会造成一定的福利损失,却要优于禁止贸易时的状况.     

资本的有机构成和最优构成

资本构成在马克思主义政治经济学中是一个重要的概念.然而马克思和后来的研究者都没有把资本有机构成理论进一步发展,成为最优资本构成理论.在成本方程和相应的等成本曲线给定的情况下,等成本曲线和等产量曲线决定了最优的要素组合和最优的资本构成.因为最优资本构成的变化随资本积累而变化,所以最优资本构成完全取决于生产函数的性质.     

Asking Price and Price Discounts: The Strategy of Selling an Asset Under Price Uncertainty

We consider fixed and asking price strategies in the context of selling an asset with Bernoullian updating of the seller’s subjective probability of sale at a given price. The determination of optimal fixed, asking and endogenous reservation prices is discussed under risk-neutrality and expected utility maximisation. With risk-neutrality, the optimal asking price exceeds the optimal fixed price when the expected gain is a strictly concave function. The seller’s choice between the fixed and the asking price strategies depends on several factors: the expected cost of haggling, price competition and the seller’s attitude towards risk.     

绿色壁垒对我国农产品贸易的影响及其对策

随着世界经济一体化进程的深入 ,国际贸易壁垒发生了结构性变化 ,绿色壁垒具有较大的灵活性、较高的隐蔽性和保护的有效性 ,正日益成为制约我国农产品出口发展的主要障碍。我们应认真研究基于绿色壁垒的市场准入制度 ,积极推行农业标准化工作 ,完善我国农产品质量标准体系 ,加快绿色农产品技术创新 ,创造绿色农产品发展的良好环境 ,建立农产品外贸应急体系 ,为绿色农产品生产经营提供资金、政策等全方位的支持 ,保护我国农业及食品行业整体利益和企业的合法权益。     

The Supervision of Child Protection Work

Correspondence to Alan Rushton, Course Director, M.Sc. in Mental Health Social Work, Social Work Department, The Maudsley Hospital, 101 Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK Summary It has frequently been recommended that statutory child protectionservices in Great Britain need greater provision of specialistsupervision to support front line social workers. This qualitativestudy, based in social services departments in London, usedthe focus group method to explore the provision of supervisionby team managers in a very pressurized work environment. Thestudy highlights the difficulty of protecting adequate supervisiontime but shows how supervisors can use their skills to conductcase related discussion concerned with developing professionalskills. ‘Inquisitorial’ and ‘empathic-containing’functions are identified and an approach is proposed for combiningthem in training courses for child protection supervisors. Thepaper recommends that supervision training needs to be expanded,to be more precisely targeted, and that outcomes need to berigorously and appropriately assessed.     

The Insecure Social Protection of Migrant Workers From the Maghreb

Is it possible to speak of just and equitable social protection for the active populations of poor countries which suffer from development problems and are dominated by an international order in which only the law of the strongest prevails, especially when those populations emigrate to seek work in order to live or merely to survive? Universal standards that are supposed to ensure some measure of international coordination of national legislation and practice in social security between developed countries and the so-called developing countries suffer from this somewhat original form of inequality. The adaptation of such standards at the bilateral, regional and multilateral levels only reflects the discrimination and selfish interests of States and of the rich and powerful, and indeed of broad sectors of their civil society who reject others simply because of their different culture and traditions. The debate is more involved than at first it may seem. By accepting others as being like oneself one can imagine a better world in which, when people move freely - including migrant workers and their families - they enjoy effective protection through social security. A study of the situation of Maghreb migrants employed and residing in western Europe and the Gulf States has much to teach us in this respect, especially in determining whether any form of solidarity is plausible or achievable in some not too distant future.