小微企业抽样调查的样本轮换

目前,小微企业抽样调查数据受到各级政府和社会各界的高度关注。针对小微企业单位新增、消亡变动频繁的特点,研究了总体单位及样本量变动的一般条件下的样本轮换理论,对样本轮换率和估计量进行了探讨,扩大了研究结果的适用范围,得到了简单随机抽样、分层抽样中样本轮换的有关结论,对估计量的抽样误差进行了有效控制,并进行了相关实证研究,最后提出了构造适合小微企业连续性抽样调查的样本轮换设计模式和方法。     

抽样调查的样本轮换方法研究

采用抽样调查的方法进行统计调查,必须定期对抽样调查的样本进行轮换,这是组织实施抽样调查必不可少的一项重要工作.进行样本轮换,必须根据各国的国情,依据抽样调查原理,在一定的样本轮换原则下进行.     

连续性抽样调查中的样本轮换研究

 内容摘要：本文首先介?绍了样本轮换研究问题提出的背景和国内外研究现状。接着介绍了分层抽样下样本轮换的理论模型。包括分层抽样下样本轮换的估计量公式和最优样本轮换率的确定方法。再接着利用前面介绍的理论知识,结合上海市城镇住房空置率抽样调查数据进行实证分析。由于该抽样调查采取的是分层抽样,因此相应地用分层抽样下的样本轮换研究。先根据该抽样调查本身的特点和社会经济活动的规律确定样本轮换时间间隔为1年。再分别计算出各层的最优样本轮换率和总体的样本轮换率。最后分别对三层子总体样本轮换的效果进行分析,分析发现各层经过样本轮换以后的精度比不进行样本轮换或进行完全样本轮换的精度有了明显的提高,轮换效果显著。     

基于回归组合技术的连续性抽样估计方法研究

在使用样本轮换的连续性抽样调查中,不仅可以利用前期调查的研究变量的信息,还可使用现期调查的辅助变量信息来建立回归模型进行回归估计,进而构造回归组合估计量,并在此基础上确定最优样本轮换率和最优权重系数,使得回归组合估计量的方差最小,从而更大程度地提高连续性抽样调查的估计精度。     

分层抽样下的样本轮换理论研究

讨论用于回归估计的二相抽样理论在分层抽样下样本轮换后估计量的构造及其精度问题，并在构造的估计量的基础上计算了分层抽样下的最优样本轮换率，这对于深入研究分层抽样理论，使其估计量的精度提高，从而更好地实现抽样调查的目标有积极意义。     

基层小型贸易企业抽样调查纵深发展的难点及思考

小型贸易企业抽样调查作为统计调查方法制度改革的突破口,从1995年运行以来,在各级领导的重视和支持下,经过统计人员共同努力,从运行的整体情况看,成绩是显著的,不仅为今后工作奠定了基础,而且为统计调查方法改革提供了宝贵的经验。为使小型贸易企业抽样调查更好地适应市场经济条件下统计调查对象多元化的状况,为更好地推动此项工作向纵深发展,笔者从基层工作实践的角度出发,对小型贸易企业抽样调查的难点及改进进行了分析和探讨。一、小型贸易企业抽样调查的难点1．样本变化快,样本框和样本易出现老化。随着改革深化,经济结构…     

多水平样本轮换调查及其组合估计方法

文章以两水平样本轮换为例,研究了连续性抽样调查中多水平样本轮换的问题.在多水平样本轮换模式下,不仅能够搜集固定的轮换样本在连续各期的信息,而且能够每一期更换新的轮换样本.文章还运用组合估计的思想.利用现期及过去各期的调查信息,分别构造出了每月总体情况、月度之间以及年度之间变化情况的组合估计量,并推导出了各类组合估计量的方差.     

小型调查单位统计执法初探

小型调查单位（本文将规模以下、限额以下等统计调查单位统称为小型调查单位）个体经济规模小,但数量庞大,是国民经济的重要组成部分,其统计数据是通过抽样调查的方式获得的,因此搞准单个统计样本的统计数据是十分重要的。当然,提高小型调查单位统计数据质量的方法是多样的,其中通过深入调查单位了解情况,开展统计执法检查,是提高数据质量的一个有效的方法。本文主要从统计执法的角度,结合小型调查单位统计工作的特点,对如何做好统计执法,提高统计数据质量做一简要阐述。     

精确思维和模糊思维在抽样调查实践中的统一（摘要）

目前 ,我国经济统计总体数量激增、变动频繁、情况复杂 ,各类经济利益中心配合国家统计调查意愿弱化 ,政府统计部门的人力、物力、时间等都很有限 ,全面调查方法已变得不适应。所以 ,统计部门大量采用抽样调查方法有其必然性。但是 ,我们在抽样调查工作实践中发现 ,理论上的抽样调查方法与实践的结合在某些方面产生了精确性与有意义之间的矛盾。例如 ,抽样调查理论要求 ,应当通过对个体一一对应的调查 ,掌握全及总体中的单位数N是多少 ,以及全及总体各单位标志值是多少 ,去建立相当精确的“样本框”为前提。这体现了精确思维原则。然而 ,当…     

连续性抽样调查中总体均值的估计

在连续性抽样调查中,利用前期信息和辅助信息可以大大提高估计精度,但是以往的估计量大多假设辅助信息总体均值已知,文章介绍一种在连续性抽样调查中,辅助信息总体均值未知的情况下,通过两阶段抽样,利用轮换样本方法和辅助变量信息,对总体均值进行估计的新的估计方法,并将新提出的估计量与原有的估计量进行比较,发现其精度更高,而且有利于减少调查成本。     

A nonparametric statistical procedure for the detection of marine pollution

This paper is devoted to the estimation of the derivative of the regression function in fixed-design nonparametric regression. We establish the almost sure convergence as well as the asymptotic normality of our estimate. We also provide concentration inequalities which are useful for small sample sizes. Numerical experiments on simulated data show that our nonparametric statistical procedure performs very well. We also illustrate our approach on high-frequency environmental data for the study of marine pollution.     

Economic and economic-statistical designs of the T2 control charts with SVSSI sampling scheme

Recent studies have shown that the adaptive T² chart with two different sampling interval and three sample sizes (SVSSI) shows a good performance in detecting small to large shifts in the process mean. This paper investigates the economic and economic statistical designs of the SVSSI T² charts. We use the Markov chain approach to developing the cost model proposed by Costa and Rahim (Journal of applied statistics 2001; 28: 875–885). A genetic algorithm approach is used to find the optimal solutions. Using numerical examples, we illustrate the performance of the proposed model and compare the statistical, economic, and economic statistical designs of the SVSSI T² chart with respect to the economic and statistical criteria. Furthermore, we compare the performance of the SVSSI T² chart with the other T² control schemes.     

运输服务贸易统计数据的正向调整

过去三十年间,服务贸易在全球经济生活中的地位日趋重要,吸引越来越多研究者的关注。一些研究者集中分析服务业市场开放政策对母国经济及行业绩效的积极作用,另一些则借助经济模型探讨服务贸易对全球经济一体化的影响。本文则将视角放在运输服务贸易统计问题上,力图证明运输服务贸易出口普遍被低估,在进一步的经济分析之前需要首先调整相关数据以获得更为准确的分析结果。     

A BLUP Synthetic Versus an EBLUP Estimator: An Empirical Study of a Small Area Estimation Problem

Model-based estimators are becoming very popular in statistical offices because Governments require accurate estimates for small domains that were not planned when the study was designed, as their inclusion would have produced an increase in the cost of the study. The sample sizes in these domains are very small or even zero; consequently, traditional direct design-based estimators lead to unacceptably large standard errors. In this regard, model-based estimators that 'borrow information' from related areas by using auxiliary information are appropriate. This paper reviews, under the model-based approach, a BLUP synthetic and an EBLUP estimator. The goal is to obtain estimators of domain totals when there are several domains with very small sample sizes or without sampled units. We also provide detailed expressions of the mean squared error at different levels of aggregation. The results are illustrated with real data from the Basque Country Business Survey.     

Features and performance of some outlier detection methods

A review of several statistical methods that are currently in use for outlier identification is presented, and their performances are compared theoretically for typical statistical distributions of experimental data, considering values derived from the distribution of extreme order statistics as reference terms. A simple modification of a popular, broadly used method based upon box-plot is introduced, in order to overcome a major limitation concerning sample size. Examples are presented concerning exploitation of methods considered on two data sets: a historical one concerning evaluation of an astronomical constant performed by a number of leading observatories and a substantial database pertaining to an ongoing investigation on absolute measurement of gravity acceleration, exhibiting peculiar aspects concerning outliers. Some problems related to outlier treatment are examined, and the requirement of both statistical analysis and expert opinion for proper outlier management is underlined.     

统计工程与21世纪统计教育的思考

21世纪是世界各国进行高科技战略决战的世纪。信息技术是核心,统计技术的工程化将给21世纪的科技发展提供技术高科技。20世纪中期,6-δ的统计管理技术将日本带入了经济发达大国。21世纪初,中国能否应用统计工程技术也能进入世界发达国家的行列?文章旨在统计工程化的技术分析中为统计知识体系创新提出了个人的理解,并对统计工程与未来科技发展的关系,特别是21世纪的统计教育提出了新的见解。     

The effect of classification errors in survival data analysis

Survival data analysis aims at collecting data on durations spent in a state by a sample of units, in order to analyse the process of transition to a different state. Survival analysis applied to social and economic phenomena typically relies upon data on transitions collected, for a sample of units, in one or more follow-up surveys. We explore the effect of misclassification of the transition indicator on parameter estimates in an appropriate statistical model for the duration spent in an origin state. Some empirical investigations about the bias induced when ignoring misclassification are reported, extending the model to include the possibility that the rate of misclassification can vary across units according to the value of some covariates. Finally it is shown how a Bayesian approach can lead to parameter estimates.     

统计概念解析

本文从分析统计的本质属性出发,根据统计广泛性特点,归纳广义统计和狭义统计的概念,建立“统计概念总系”,力求能够包罗统计万象,体现统计全貌,使统计这一事物有一个总纲纪,为人们全面认识统计提供了一个新的视角。文中重点对政府统计纵向构成进行了分析和解读,解开人们在传统认识上的挽扣儿,这是正确理解政府统计构成的关键认识点,由此方能建立起统计概念体系。     

统计学期刊学术影响分析——基于CSSCI2004—2006年数据

根据南京大学中国社会科学研究评价中心编制的中国社会科学引文索引（CSSCI）提供的2004—2006年统计学期刊数据，对统计学期刊的影响因子、被引次数、被引速率等指标加以统计分析，以剖析各期刊的学术影响力及发展变化趋势。     

Disease clusters: should they be investigated, and, if so, when and how?

Individual cluster reports are subject to several difficulties in interpretation. Although they rarely lead to new aetiological insights, a public health response to delineate the size and extent of any excess risk may be warranted. Further investigation, where merited, should usually include an examination of data for different areas and/or different time periods. A statistical evaluation of disease clusters is often secondary to a detailed appreciation of issues such as the availability and quality of data, confounding and bias in the selection of areas for study.