妇女问题的历史、现状与未来

妇女观是指社会对妇女的看法 ,人类的妇女观经历了从“文化人”、“经济人”、“政治人”到普遍人权及可持续发展观的演变 ;考察妇女问题有三个维度 ,分别以男人、人和妇女自身作为参照系 ,并对应于平等、博爱、自由三个层面内涵 ;从总体上看 ,妇女问题的症结在于生理基础—分工选择—环境强化综合因素的作用 ,因而需从生产力、生产关系与社会文明三个层次着手加以解决。妇女问题的实质是社会分工所导致的人类生产异化的结果 ,解决妇女问题有赖于社会文明的全面进步与社会总异化的彻底消除 ,从根本上有赖于社会全面、自由与和谐的发展。     

The Status of Psychiatric Inpatient Group Therapy: Past,Present, and Future

This article examines the history, current conditions, and future possibilities of psychiatric inpatient group psychotherapy. Attention is directed toward exploring the purpose, structure, theoretical perspectives, and empirical research of inpatient group therapy. Trends in inpatient care are contextualized within a historical perspective and current politics of care. Future challenges to the viability of inpatient groups, including fiscal pressures, high patient acuity, shorter stays, and pressures for evidence-based practices, are considered.     

实用主义:过去与现在

本文分 4个部分 :1 .经典的实用主义。讲述皮尔斯、詹姆士和杜威这三个代表人物的学说 ,强调他们的自然主义立场和反形而上学唯心论的观点 ;2 .“转向语言”之后的实用主义。介绍2 0世纪美国哲学在接受“转向语言”洗礼之后出现的新趋势 ,特别是奎因、塞拉斯、普特南复活了有实用主义倾向的整体论、反基础论和自然主义 ;3.反再现论的实用主义。实用主义者认为语言是工具而不是再现世界本来面目的图像 ,否认知识是精确再现实在或者符合实在的看法。戴维森更是直截了当地说“信念有真有假 ,但并不再现任何事物”;4.实用主义与人类的自我形象。实用主义者一向反对柏拉图、亚里士多德所主张的以认知为中心的人类形象。在这一方面他们得到了大陆哲学家如尼采、海德格尔、萨特、德里达等人的呼应。全文勾画出 2 0世纪美国实用主义演变的主要脉络 ,是一篇条理分明的历史性概述。     

Urbanization: Present and Future

The first symposium in our country on the social problems of cities was held this year at the Institute of the International Workers' Movement of the USSR Academy of Sciences on the theme "Urbanization and the Working Class in the Face of the Scientific and Technical Revolution." The symposium was sponsored by the Scientific Council on Applied Social Research Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences and by the Institute. Approximately 250 persons, to whom a number of papers were presented for discussion, participated in the symposium. These papers discussed theoretical and methodological problems of urbanization, the findings of urbanization studies in the USSR, in capitalist countries, and in developing countries.     

文化与人格研究:历史、现状与未来趋向

文化与人格运动产生于20世纪30年代,它关注文化对人格的影响以及不同文化背景下表现出来的人格普遍性和文化特殊性。文章以论述“文化与人格”研究兴衰、复苏的历史为起点,重点分析了目前这一领域的研究进展和存在的主要问题,并以此为基础展望未来的发展趋向。作者认为,大五人格是连接文化与人格的概念框架,但对大五人格以及人格测量方法展开进一步探讨,用宽阔的理论来整合实证研究,将是未来的发展趋向。     

Department of Health Research Overviews – Past, Present and Future: An evaluation of the dissemination of the Blue Book, Child Protection: Messages from Research

Since 1985 the Department of Health has been providing child care research overviews as a means of bringing together the findings of its funded research programmes. With each successive publication a pattern of design and dissemination has emerged. This is illustrated by Child Protection: Messages from Research ( Department of Health 1995 ), an overview of 20 studies of child protection. It included an introductory essay, summaries of each project and a set of 'True for Us' exercises. Publication was followed by national seminars and widespread distribution of free copies. Given the substantial investment, it seems timely to assess the impact of the dissemination process in terms of reaching and affecting practice. The survey sought to assess awareness, use and opinions of the report from social services, education and health professionals. It consisted of questionnaires administered by post and telephone calls to a representative sample of 600 professionals working in child protection, 292 of whom replied. The results demonstrate that the book is very well known among most professionals working in child welfare, particularly in social services, and is perceived to have affected the practice of over half of the respondents. The study supports the structure adopted for the report but suggests further benefits in employing a variety of dissemination strategies for different professional groups. Finally, the paper discusses the relationship between overviews and evidence-based services.     

中国非常法律的形成、现状与未来(英文)

中国非常法律的形成,是为了应对紧急事件。这类法律由法律法规、应急预案和军事法规等组成,规定了战争状态、紧急状态和应急状态三种非常状态,致力于建构专业化大分工基础上的综合统一体制。在实践中,应急预案取代了法律法规,成为紧急事件治理的基本规范依据;政府和武装力量处于主导地位。中国非常法律基于必要而形成,其适用具有临时性,主要内容具有授权性和预防性。非常法律未来发展的主要目标是：与中国特色社会主义法律体系衔接,制定紧急状态下的基本法,完善非常法律的各项具体机制。     

Emergency Law in China: Its Formation,Present State and Future

中国非常法律的形成, 是为了应对紧急事件。这类法律由法律法规、应急预案和 军事法规等组成, 规定了战争状态、紧急状态和应急状态三种非常状态, 致力于建构 专业化大分工基础上的综合统一体制。在实践中, 应急预案取代了法律法规, 成为紧 急事件治理的基本规范依据; 政府和武装力量处于主导地位。中国非常法律基于必要 而形成, 其适用具有临时性, 主要内容具有授权性和预防性。非常法律未来发展的主 要目标是: 与中国特色社会主义法律体系衔接, 制定紧急状态下的基本法, 完善非常 法律的各项具体机制。

关键词: 非常状态 综合治理 执行主导 预防性法律

China’s emergency laws have emerged as a result of dealing with crises. They comprise laws and regulations, emergency plans, and military regulations, and define three exceptional or emergency states: war, emergency and emergency response, with the aim of constructing a comprehensive integrated system based on the specialized division of labor. In practice, however, emergency plans take the place of laws and regulations and provide the fundamental normative basis for tackling emergencies, with government and the military playing the dominant role. Developing out of necessity and possessing temporary applicability, China’s emergency laws are characterized by authorization and prevention. Integrating emergency law with the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, formulating basic law for emergency situations and improving the specific mechanisms of emergency law should be regarded as major steps in its future development.     

演化经济学的过去、现在和将来

演化经济学的思想源头可以追溯到达尔文的进化论之前,由于种种原因,经济学在很长一段时间内排斥了演化思想。20世纪80年代以来,演化经济学得到了快速发展,但仍面临着诸多困难,如缺乏价格理论、分析框架不统一等。演化经济学将从自然科学中继续汲取营养,完成自己的有机整合。     

Past and Present: Reflections on Citizenship within New Zealand

The paper discusses historical and emerging dimensions of citizenship within Aotearoa/New Zealand. Drawing on Turner's work, it explores the utility of Marshallian distinctions of civil, political and social citizenship. These evolutionary notions are seen as problematic, given the historical treatment of the Chinese community, and the abrogation of the Treaty of Waitangi with respect to European–Maori relationships. Ideas of the "worker citizen", "military citizen" and "parent citizen" are discussed in relation to historical foundations of entitlement and their contemporary challenges. Considerations include a shift to non-standard employment, reconceptualization of New Zealand's role as a Pacific nation, and demographic and value shifts. The non-governmental sector as a "fourth" route to entitlement is examined, including notions of community capacity-building with particular respect to Maori. The paper concludes with a commentary on current debates around the nature and shape of New Zealand nationality, identity and citizenship. Ecological debates include the use and guardianship of natural resources and the opposition of public opinion to genetic modification. Indigenous developments include the assertion of Treaty rights by Maori in relation to land, language and economic and social development. Cultural dimensions include the changing population structure as reflected in the growth of Pacific Island nations, Asian populations and the refugee community. The interplay of these ecological, indigenous and cultural dimensions will help define emergent citizenships for Aotearoa/New Zealand in the twenty-first century.     

我国西方哲学研究的回顾、现状和展望

一、历史回顾与现状中西文化的接触和交流古已有之,大家公认在明清之际就已形成开启之势。近代以来中国的文化发展与西方文化进入中国的所谓“西学东渐”有密切联系。起初,中国知识分子     

民主政制的过去、现在与未来——兼论儒家中国对民主政制发展的可能贡献

就既有的民主政制史来看，它主要分为两个阶段（或两个种属）：以宗教性、直接民主以及有限民主为特色的古希腊雅典城邦式民主和以间接民主、世俗性、代议制度为基本特点的近现代民主。对民主政制史的考察还表明，它一直处于流变之中，并且似乎也并不存在什么发展的“禁区”，而这为判断民主政制的未来以及儒家中国对民主政制发展的可能贡献提供了启示性基础。     

战略管理学在中国：历史、现状和未来——基于文献信息可视化分析的视角

20世纪80年代,战略管理学开始被引入我国,并得到迅速发展和广泛传播。20世纪90年代,战略管理学进入快速成长和积累时期,文献产出数量不断增多。2000年以来,在企业管理实践需求的拉动下,我国战略管理学进入蓬勃发展期,正在建立和形成一个庞大的学科知识体系。通过对该领域科学文献的计量和可视化分析,当前战略管理学领域研究的热点问题主要包括新公共部门战略管理（图书馆战略管理与规划、高校战略管理等）,人力资源战略管理,企业国际化战略,财务战略管理等方面。战略管理学未来的发展,应当重视理论研究的中国化、本土化进程;进一步向专业化领域发展;强化案例分析方法的应用;加强学术交流与合作,创建学术园地,积极推进战略管理学在我国的快速良性发展。