Bringing the cops back in: A study of efforts to make the criminal justice system more responsive to incidents of family violence

This paper examines the ways in which the criminal justice system typically responds to incidents of violence between adult members of the same household and then using a three equation, nonrecursive time series model considers the impact of efforts in one locale to improve law enforcement practices. Three questions are addressed: (a) can the apparent underreporting of domestic violence by police be improved; (b) can the quality of information funneled from police to the District Attorney's office be enhanced; and (c) can the number of offenders held accountable for their actions be increased?     

在电磁场中巧用数学之浅析

电磁场理论与数学紧密相关,在电磁场中巧用数学能使物理概念、规律和物理过程册繁就简,便于记忆和理解。抓住事物和物理过程的对称性,巧用数学解决电磁场中的类似问题,培养学生灵活运用数学处理问题的能力。     

古代社会向近代世界转型的多维整合研究简论

对于封建主义向资本主义的社会转型的研究,其逻辑工具是模态逻辑,其方 法论工具是主位与客位的互动机制。在此基础上,从社会发展的基本矛盾出发,通过对特定历 史时段的史实剖析,在学理层面上互动整合,构造类型学、发生学和时间维的立体历史时空的 问题板块,强调制度创新与社会关系的变化,法人法权与社会变迁的关系,社会流动与阶级格 局的形态。     

论传统神正论的当代转换——从奥古斯丁的传统神正论到约纳斯的责任哲学

奥古斯丁是传统神正论的主要代表。他对原罪的哲学阐释,揭示出意志自由之于人的本体论意义。然而,这种神正论在启蒙运动中被颠覆,逐渐为理性主义与主体性原则取而代之。与此同时,康德的启蒙理性本身也遭遇了同时代人哈曼的批评。20世纪以来,一些拥有宗教背景、熟悉存在主义的哲学家开辟了一条现代性反思的新道路。他们坚持后现代视野,对传统神正论进行当代转换,并使之与现代性反思结合起来。汉斯·约纳斯的责任哲学就是把传统神正论和现代性反思结合起来进行创造性转换的积极成果。     

物理选择题的常用解法

选择题是物理习题中的常见题型。本文针对它的特点,提出了迅速解答这类题的一些方法。     

涉外信托中的法律识别问题探析

识别是一种确定具体事实与抽象规范的对应关系的认识过程,也是寻找涉外民事关系冲突规范的逻辑前提。信托作为一项起源于英美法系的独特法律制度,在法律理念的构造上与大陆法系存在显著的不同,需要经过复杂的比较甄别才能够相对准确地识别出争议案件的类型归属,据连接因素之指引,找出用以规范涉外信托关系的准据法。因此,识别在涉外信托的法律适用中至关重要。鉴于信托制度的独特内涵,信托识别的范围应包括对事实的认定以及冲突规范中"范围"和"系属"的解释等方面的内容。针对信托识别中的冲突,应根据法院地国对信托制度的态度,分别采取法院地法或准据法作为识别标准。同时,根据私法中的意思自治原则,提出了制定信托统一示范规则,并通过当事人合意选法的方式在具体案件中实现信托规范的统一,进而解决信托识别中存在的一系列难题。     

袁崇焕画像及其疏稿

本文作者介绍其旧藏的一幅采绘本袁崇焕画像，并及历代记录有关为袁崇焕造像事。此文的后一部分，是引用康熙刻本屈大均《翁山文钞》卷十所载《王予安先生哀辞》一文，引发出王氏初为袁崇焕幕僚，袁氏卒后尝为其辩诬。后将袁氏疏稿及其幕僚程本直《矶声记》、余大成《剖肝录》等文稿传交给屈大均，使后世知袁氏之忠。清道光间伍崇曜刊本《袁督师事迹》所收袁氏疏稿及程、余二文，可能是出自屈大均传本。     

美国的亚太再平衡战略和中美关系

美国经历了9·11恐怖事件和2008年的金融危机,而走向相对衰退的道路。相形之下,中国急剧成为亚洲地区的经济、军事大国,通过在东亚地区推行地区主义,深化南中国海领有权等措施来扩大影响力。这种局势导致了美国的亚太再平衡战略,从中长期来看,这很可能构成中美关系的矛盾因素,而中美关系的变化导致东北亚安全不稳定。解决途径是美国自己对亚太再均衡政策尽快予以重新平衡。该方向应该是与中国进行合作或妥协,而对日本右翼群体划出分明的界限。这种措施同时为积极推行旨在和平解决核问题等韩半岛相关事宜,而不可或缺的,也是美国和亚洲能够共同繁荣的途径。     

中国水蛇解剖实验指导的设计

本文设计了中国水蛇的常规解剖实验方法,观察内容包括外形、消化、呼吸、循环、泄殖等方面。     

地理教学板书、板图设计浅论

精心设计板书板图,有利于促进教学过程的最优化。本文论述了在教学板书设计的条理性和多样性要求以及板图设计的结构、内容和表现形式的结合与课堂运用中“准、快、美、简”的要求。     

Size and duration of empires growth-decline curves, 3000 to 600 b.c.

Area changes of about 30 best known empires and states are compiled and tabulated. Superimposed and juxtaposed graphs (size versus time) help to visualize the relative size and location in time of these empires. Size-time integral, maximum stable size, adulthood date, and duration are defined operationally and are listed for 20 empires. A criterion is given for distinctness of successive empires. The size-time integral is a direct measure of an empire's impact on history insofar as that impact depends on sheer size and duration. The integral is largest for the Chinese Hsia-Shang, Egyptian New, Old, and Middle, Assyrian New, and Hittite empires. A world-wide territorial concentration index is tabulated. It increases during the period considered from 0.08 to 1.4% of the world dry land area.     

我国高等教育大众化的基础与途径

高等教育大众化是指按高等学校在校学生数占同龄人口的比例达到15%～50%阶段的教育。我国社会、经济和教育现状已具备了一定的基础,而实现高教大众化又是一种必然要求,但又面临政府经费投入不足、个人投资短缺、社会观念滞后、扩招使高校承受能力加大等矛盾。因此,要正视现实问题,通过加大政府投入,提高办学投资效益,鼓励社会力量办学,实行教育产业化,稳步扩招等途径加以实现。     

论抗美援朝战争中的政治动员

抗美援朝的胜利与政治动员密切相关。抗美援朝战争中进行政治动员的原因是多方面的,由于特殊的背景和需要,这一时期政治动员的内容、方法和途径独具特点,其基本经验和历史意义值得认真总结和借鉴。     

Informant accuracy in social-network data V. An experimental attempt to predict actual communication from recall data

This paper seeks to discover whether the known inaccuracy of informant recall about their communication behavior can be accounted for by experimentally varying the time period over which recall takes place. The experiment took advantage of a new communications medium (computer conferencing) which enabled us to monitor automatically all the interactions involving a subset of the computer network. The experiment itself was administered entirely by the computer, which interviewed informants and recorded their responses. Variations in time period failed to account for much of the inaccuracy, which continues, as in previous experiments at an unacceptably high level. One positive finding did emerge: although the informants did not know with whom they communicated, the informants en masse seemed to know certain broad facts about the communication pattern. All other findings were negative. For example, it is impossible to predict the people an informant claimed to communicate with but did not; and it is impossible to predict who the five people are that an informant forgot to mention that she or he had communication with. Thus, despite their presumed good intentions, our findings here confirm what we have learned from six previous experiments: What people say about their communications bears no resemblance to their behavior. This suggests that other forms of data gathering, based on questions which require that informants recall their behavior, may well be suspect.     

沉默权刍议

沉默权是近年来司法界争论的主要问题之一.它在西方的存在有其深厚的理论和实践基础,并逐步成为西方重要的一个司法制度.在一定程度上可以说它是刑讯逼供的天敌,但也有自己天然的弊端.因此,它作为一柄双刃剑,在我国的适用应进行缜密的思考.     

从古典到新兴古典经济学的专业化分工理论与当代产业集群的演进

本文系统述评了古典经济学、新古典经济学、新兴古典经济学等经济学流派关于专业化分工和报酬递增研究思路的演变脉络,指出以专业化分工为源泉的报酬递增思想对于现实经济更具有解释力。在此基础上,从专业化分工视角分析了当代产业集群的演进。本文认为,集群形成和发展的一个主要原因是专业化分工的深化和交易网络的扩展。分工的深化促进了企业的发展;随着交易网络的扩展,各种交易费用迅速增加,为了减少交易费用,增加报酬递增,协调分工的进一步深化,集群应运而生,并伴随着分工的发展而发展。反之,集群的发展又进一步促进了专业化分工的深化和交易网络的扩展。最后,文章针对当前我国产业集群发展的现状提出了值得关注的几个问题。     

推行依法行政刍议

在行政领域推行法治，必须从我国政府的地位和职能出发，要以牢固树立依法行政的意识作为先导，努力提高行政立法质量，严格行政执法，建立健全依法行政的监督机制     

关于地理专业课加强师范性教学的探索

本文分析师范教育中师范性教学的重要性，指出了当前青年地理教师在教学上的存在的一些问题，认为师范性教学必须从低年级专业课学习中着手进行，使专业知识的科学性和师范性紧密结合。并探讨了加强师范性教学工作的做法及试验的可行性。     

On the mode of administering a questionnaire and responses to open-ended items

Concurrently administered personal and telephone surveys are compared to measure differences between the modes for identical questions. Speed of questioning is found to be greater in telephone interviews than personal interviews. The faster pace of telephone interviews is linked to shorter answers to open-ended items on the telephone. The tendency to reduce such responses is disproportionately exhibited by younger, affluent respondents who tend to provide detailed responses in personal interviews.