The Stability of Facial Attractiveness: Is It What You’ve Got or What You Do with It?

Physical attractiveness is suggested to be an indicator of biological quality and therefore should be stable. However, transient factors such as gaze direction and facial expression affect facial attractiveness, suggesting it is not. We compared the relative importance of variation between faces with variation within faces due to facial expressions. 128 participants viewed photographs of 14 men and 16 women displaying the six basic facial expressions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise) and a neutral expression. Each rater saw each model only once with a randomly chosen expression. The effect of expressions on attractiveness was similar in male and female faces, although several expressions were not significantly different from each other. Identity was 2.2 times as important as emotion in attractiveness for both male and female pictures, suggesting that attractiveness is stable. Since the hard tissues of the face are unchangeable, people may still be able to perceive facial structure whatever expression the face is displaying, and still make attractiveness judgements based on structural cues.     

As You Sow,So Shall You Reap?

Foundations’ capacity‐building grant programs strive to bolster performance and outcomes for their nonprofit grantees. Yet with few outcome evaluations of such programs, we have limited understanding of whether these capacity‐building efforts achieve their intended result. This study evaluates fifteen years of data for one foundation's capacity‐building grant program to understand whether targeted capacity building for financial management and development contributes to nonprofit financial growth. The authors examine the management–performance link in this context and inform sector leaders who dedicate resources to capacity‐building programs about the outcomes of these efforts.     

Mom,I Understand You

To celebrate Mother's Day, the editors of Society Weekly(published by People's Daily) invited their readers to write and submit "A Sentence for Mother." This activity, which was co-sponsored by the "Program of Happiness," garnered quite an emotional response. Among the contributions we received were several from the 21 students of Class Three, Grade Two of the high school affiliated with the Beijing Institute of Clothing Technology. "Mother, you are a towering tree and I am your shadow. "—ZHANG YE "Mother, you are an umbrella, and we are the children under it. You are the pod, and we are the peas."—XU JING     

职业It语中商务邮件的It语语言训练设计

随着世界贸易的进一步开放，中日两国的贸易往来也在逐渐的上涨。在贸易中使用电子邮件也越来越频繁。在一些日语专业的学校里，也相应的开设了商务日语这门课程。在一些教材中，也详细的介绍了如何运用日语写邮件这一方面的内容。有些例子太过于专业化，用语复杂，很难在实际中自由的运用。有些不太正式，不适合在正式的贸易往来中加以运用。对于如何在以后的工作中更好的运用日语跟日本客户进行贸易往来。本人做出了以下的自我理解。     

Periodicals to Help You Understand China

DEAR EDITOR, I am a Nepalese woman and work in Hong Kong right now. Our organization, the Committee for Asian Women, is receiving your publication Women of China. Personally, however, I would like to get Beijing Review and Social     

‘You Are a Girl’

Feminist scholarship has shown how gender is integral to understanding war, and that the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 was partly legitimated through a reference to Afghan women's ‘liberation’. Recognizing this, the article analyses how gender is crucial also to understanding the practice of ‘population-centric’ counterinsurgency in Afghanistan. Because this type of warfare aims at ‘winning hearts and minds’, it is in engaging the population that a notable gendered addition to the US military strategy surfaces, Female Engagement Teams (FETs). Citing ‘cultural sensitivity’ as a key justification, the US deploys all-female teams to engage with and access a previously untapped source of intelligence and information, namely Afghan women. Beyond this being seen as necessary to complete the task of population-centric counterinsurgency, it is also hailed as a progressive step that contributes to Afghan women's broader empowerment. Subjecting population-centric counterinsurgency to feminist analysis, this article finds that in constructing women both as ‘practitioners’ and ‘targets’, this type of warfare constitutes another chapter in the various ways that their bodies have been relied upon for its ‘success’.     

Is Your Spouse More Likely to Divorce You if You Are the Older Partner?

The authors assessed how the relative age of spouses affects whether men or women initiate a divorce, using data from the National Survey of Families and Households. Ex‐spouses' reports of who left generally agreed, but not always, so the analysis used a latent class model embedded in an event‐history model with competing risks that the woman leaves the man or the man leaves the woman. Support was not found for the hypothesis that age heterogamy itself increases the odds of divorce: Even large age differences did not make men more likely to leave younger wives, and women's exits were as likely when the marriage is homogamous as when she was older. The main conclusion is that both men and women are more likely to leave if their spouse is older than they are. The effects were stronger for men, but the gender difference in effect size was not statistically significant.     

Abstinence-Only: Are You Not Working the Program or Is the Program Not Working for You?

Low retention rates are common in substance use treatment programs. The dominant model of service delivery in the United States is abstinence-only, a high-threshold service delivery model requiring abstinence. What “doesn’t work” for the client—from the client point of view—is an overlooked source of insight about client engagement and disengagement. We report client counter-narratives about the choice to disengage from abstinence-based services, shifting from a story of “dropouts” to one of self-respect. Understanding why clients choose to disengage from treatment can help us as practitioners to “meet clients where they are” and enhance engagement in substance abuse treatment.     

How Are You, White Cranes?

How are you, my red-crowned cranes? Groups of you fly south one by one. Yet do you still stay at Zhalong, a natural preserve, For northern scenery or to enhance my feelings toward you?     

Mama, You Are the Most Important

On July 28th, 1997, An Jinpeng, a senior high school student of grade three of Tianjin No. 1 Middle School, won a gold medal in the 38th International Mathematics Olympiad, held in Argentina. The following story by Zhang Youde is about how his mother brought him up.     

The Global Middle Class: How Is It Made,What Does It Represent?

One important phenomenon to be observed in the world today is the rapid growth of the middle classes in emerging economies, especially in Asia. This development called for a new concept, the global middle class. The purpose of this paper is twofold: one is to examine the ways this term is currently used and clarify its meaning, and the other is to examine one empirical case of South Korea and highlight important processes involved in the making of a global middle class. The term global middle class has 2 meanings: (1) all the middle classes that exist in the world or (2) the affluent and globally oriented segments of the middle classes in developing countries. These 2 different conceptions serve different purposes and address different aspects of globalization's effect on the affected economy and society. While the expansion of the middle classes around the world is an unquestionably welcome phenomenon, the rise of the affluent global middle classes in developing countries represents a more complex and problematic phenomenon. The Korean case demonstrates that the emergence of the global middle class is associated with growing internal division within the middle class and intense processes of class distinction and educational pursuits in the global education market.     

It女性如何防止面部衰老

电脑的摆放位置很重要。尽量别让屏幕的背面朝着有人的地方,因为电脑辐射最强的是背面,其次为左右两侧,屏幕的正面反而辐射最弱。以能看清楚字为准,至少也要50厘米到75厘米的距离,这样可以减少电磁辐射的伤害。注意室内通风:科学研究证实,电脑的荧屏能产生一种叫溴化二苯并呋喃的致癌物质。所以,放置电脑的房间最好能安装换气扇,倘若没有,上网时尤其要注意通风。     

It女性如何防止面部衰老

电脑的摆放位置很重要.尽量别让屏幕的背面朝着有人的地方,因为电脑辐射最强的是背面,其次为左右两侧,屏幕的正面反而辐射最弱.以能看清楚字为准,至少也要50厘米到75厘米的距离,这样可以减少电磁辐射的伤害.     

“If It Ain't Broke, Don't Fix It”: Ethical Considerations Regarding Conversion Therapies

Despite the unanimous adoption of a position statement by the American Psychiatric Association objecting to reparative therapy in December 1998, the decision was not without its critics. The current work examines the ethical considerations regarding conversion or reparative therapies in light of the extensive psychological literature documenting the societal stigma (homophobia and heterosexism) suffered by lesbian and gay individuals. Overall, there are two major concerns regarding conversion therapy, namely its ethical inappropriateness, and lack of empirical evidence supporting its efficacy. The author argues that no professional health associations support reparative therapy, homosexuality per se is not an illness and does not require treatment, and, the mental health profession must acknowledge its own role in the oppression of homosexual individuals.     

My Italian Friend—Where Are You?

Yu Xiuhui is a teacher with a vocational school in Dalian, During a visit to Beijing last summer, she befriended a young Italian woman. The brief encounter left Yu with a sweet memory,as well as a regret. So she came to us, hoping that Women of China could help her fulfill her wish—to convey the message of a young Chinese woman latent in her call...     

What's In It for the Volunteers?

This article reports on a social return on investment (SROI) analysis of volunteers of the Good Food Market program, a food access initiative run by FoodShare Toronto, one of Canada's largest food‐justice organizations. Unlike conventional SROI research, which typically focuses on the entire ecology of an organization or program, this article focuses solely on isolating the return volunteers receive on their investment of time, skills, energy, and the like—an SROI of volunteering. The article reviews the challenges of adapting the SROI methodology to the context of volunteer benefits and finds that ultimately SROI is a useful tool for articulating the value of volunteering.     

Does Where You Stand Depend on When You Were Born? The Impact of Generation on Post-Vietnam Foreign Policy Beliefs

American involvement in Vietnam and its attending domestic conflicthave generated a good deal of speculation about generationaldifferences and, more specifically, about the divergent "lessons"that Americans of different ages have drawn from the most salientforeign policy episodes they have experienced. The most visiblelines of cleavage have quite often been described as fallingbetween those whose views were shaped by the events leadingup to World War II, on the one hand, and, on the other, thosewhose outlook has been molded by the war in Southeast Asia.Using data from questionnaire responses of 2,282 American leadersin various occupations, this article assesses the validity ofthe "Munich generation versus Vietnam generation" thesis. Thefindings indicate that the most salient cleavages on foreignpolicy exist between occupations and within generation, ratherthan vice versa. The article concludes with a discussion ofthe prospects for early achievement of domestic consensus onissues of international politics and American foreign policy.