中国文化背景下的组织人际和谐

采用问卷调查法,以中国3家企业340名员工为研究对象,以公平理论和社会交换理论为研究框架,提出领导公平、信息公平与组织人际和谐关系的研究模型。构建结构方程和层次回归模型,利用PASW STATISTICS 18.0和LISREL 8.80分析软件,采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析对组织人际和谐的三维结构观点进行检验,应用层级回归分析方法探讨领导公平、信息公平及其交互项对组织人际和谐的影响。研究结果表明,领导公平和信息公平对工具和谐具有显著的正向影响,但其交互项不显著;领导公平对价值和谐具有显著的负向影响,而信息公平对价值和谐具有显著的正向影响,交互效应显著;领导公平和信息公平对和谐阻碍的影响不显著,但其交互效应显著。     

组织公平感对组织效果变量的影响

在组织公平感的研究领域 ,关于组织公平感的构成维度以及组织公平感各个维度与主要的组织效果变量的关系等一些重要的问题 ,依然存在着极大的分歧。Colquitt通过对25年来183个关于公平感的研究的元分析 ,比较完整地分析了分配公平、程序公平、人际公平和信息公平之间的关系以及各维度与不同的组织效果变量之间的关系。目前国内的研究在对组织公平感进行概念操作时 ,大都将组织公平感看成是由分配公平和程序公平所组成的二因素结构 ,而很少涉及人际和信息公平这两个维度 ,或者将它们归入程序公平。本研究运用在中国文化背景下开发的组织公平感的4因素问卷 ,考察了组织公平感与组织效果变量之间的关系。通过相关和回归分析 ,结果表明:组织公平感对一些主要的组织效果变量有很好的预测作用 ,其中领导公平对除薪酬满意度以外的所有组织效果变量都有显著的预测     

上司领导风格对员工分配公平感与组织公民行为的调节作用研究

本文采用多元线性回归的方法,在控制工作满意度的基础上,分析了上司领导风格对分配公平感与组织公民行为不同维度之间关系的调节作用.研究表明:上司的创制维度对组织公民行为的不同维度产生独立于分配公平感的显著影响,对分配公平感与组织公民行为各维度之间关系没有显著的调节作用;而上司关心维度的这种独立解释能力要弱一些,对分配公平感和忠诚维护之间的关系没有调节作用,对分配公平感与OCB整体以及另外三个维度(人际帮助、个人主动性、个人勤奋性)之间的关系有显著的调节作用.     

甄选程序公平感的来源及其负面溢出效应

如何提升应聘者的公平感、降低拒聘带来的负面溢出效应是招聘实践中亟待解决的问题。基于甄选过程采取纵向研究设计,以416名应届毕业生求职者为样本,分别在应聘前、应聘后结果知晓前和结果知晓后3个时点收集数据,运用层次回归分析方法,考察落选者报复意愿的预测变量、甄选程序公平感的来源及其中介效应。研究结果表明,工作吸引力和雇佣期望对应聘者的甄选程序公平感有显著的正向预测作用,消极情感的预测作用不显著;工作吸引力、甄选程序公平对落选者的报复意愿有显著的负向预测作用,雇佣期望和消极情感对报复意愿有正向预测作用;甄选程序公平的中介效应不显著;良好的工作设计和合理公平的招聘过程有助于降低招聘的负面溢出效应。     

公务员工作满意度与组织公平感关系研究

具有较高工作满意度的员工能够提高组织绩效,而组织公平感能够改善其心理与行为,促进工作满意度的提高。本文通过问卷调查分析了公务员组织公平感与工作满意度的关系,结果显示:公务员工作满意度整体水平不高;工作满意度与组织公平感各维度都有较高的相关性,其中,分配公平、领导公平和信息公平对公务员工作满意度有着显著的预测效应,领导公平预测效应最强,程序公平不显著。     

组织公平与员工主动离职行为:工作嵌入与公平敏感性的作用

本文旨在研究组织公平对员工离职行为的影响,并以个体-组织依附理论和动机归类理论为基础,研究员工工作嵌入和公平敏感性在以上关系中所起的中介和调节作用。研究以六家服务企业中的351名员工为研究对象,对问卷调查获得的数据进行层次回归,结果表明:分配公平和程序公平对员工工作嵌入有显著的正向影响;工作嵌入能有效的预测员工离职行为;分配公平对员工离职具有显著的负向影响,并且工作嵌入在其间起到了完全中介效应;公平敏感性在程序公平与嵌入的关系中存在显著的调节效应,利他倾向越高(大公无私型)的员工,程序公平对其嵌入程度的影响作用就越强烈。     

组织公平组合与员工沉默行为关系的实证研究

基于"分配公平-互动公平"二维度组合,对组织公平组合与员工沉默行为的关系进行了研究。首先以员工沉默行为为结果变量,验证了在中国情境下,程序公平对员工沉默行为影响并不显著,继而通过对"分配公平-互动公平"为基础构成的4种公平感组合进行均值比较。研究结果表明,在"低分配-低互动"公平氛围中,最容易导致员工沉默行为的发生;工具性取向的分配公平和非工具性取向的互动公平对减少组织中的员工沉默行为而言同样重要。企业管理者应同时缔造动态统一的组织公平氛围,才能提高员工对组织的承诺感和认同感,减少沉默行为的发生。     

家长式领导与组织公平感的关系——以浙江省30家民营企业为例

本文用问卷调查的方式,探索家长式领导与组织公平感两者之间的关系。实证结果表明,家长式领导的各个维度对组织公平感的各个维度有显著的相关关系;从因果关系上看,威权领导对分配公平和程序公平没有预测作用,仁慈领导和德行领导对组织公平感的各个维度都有正向的预测作用。     

组织公平与人格特质对员工创新行为的交互影响研究

采用方便抽样的方式对企业340名员工就大五人格特质、组织公平、员工创新行为等变量进行调研,通过交互作用分析得出,人格特质中的外倾性、尽责性、宜人性、开放性均正向预测创新行为,而神经质负向预测创新行为。研究结果表明,组织公平4个维度均对创新行为有显著正向影响。组织公平正向调节外倾性、开放性、尽责性与创新行为之间的关系,反向调节宜人性与创新行为之间的关系,但对神经质与创新行为之间的关系没有调节作用。     

组织公民行为与组织公平关系之实证研究

组织公民行为是指那些员工主动自发从事对组织有利的行为,而员工对组织公平的认知会影响组织公民行为的产生,本文以实证研究的方法,构建了一个以员工个体属性为控制变量,组织公平为自变量,组织公民行为作因变量的研究框架。研究组织公平与组织公民行为之间的关系,从新的角度为提高群体的协作、自主和认同程度,提高群体效能开辟新的思路。     

Restorative Justice and College Student Misconduct

This article reports the findings of a restorative justice program to address student disciplinary problems at Skidmore College. Based on the model of “Community Reparative Boards” developed by the Vermont Department of Corrections for probation cases, the Skidmore Integrity Board is representative board of students, faculty, and staff. The article describes the nature and purpose of the board and reports findings from three recent years of board activity.     

Ecological Information Needs for Environmental Justice

The concept that all peoples should have their voices heard on matters that affect their well‐being is at the core of environmental justice (EJ). The inability of some people of small towns, rural areas, minority, and low‐income communities, to become involved in environmental decisions is sometimes due to a lack of information. We provide a template for the ecological information that is essential to examine environmental risks to EJ populations within average communities, using case studies from South Carolina (Savannah River, a DOE site with minority impacts), Washington (Hanford, a DOE site with Native American impacts), and New Jersey (nonpoint, urbanized community pollution). While the basic ecological and public health information needs for risk evaluations and assessments are well described, less attention has been focused on standardizing information about EJ communities or EJ populations within larger communities. We suggest that information needed about EJ communities and populations includes demographics, consumptive and nonconsumptive uses of their regional environment (for example, maintenance and cosmetic, medicinal/religious/cultural uses), eco‐dependency webs, and eco‐cultural attributes. A purely demographics approach might not even identify EJ populations or neighborhoods, much less their spatial relation to the impact source or to each other. Using information from three case studies, we illustrate that some information is readily available (e.g., consumption rates for standard items such as fish), but there is less information about medicinal, cultural, religious, eco‐cultural dependency webs, and eco‐cultural attributes, all of which depend in some way on intact, functioning, and healthy ecosystems.     

Individual Sense of Justice: A Utility Representation

We present an axiomatic model depicting the choice behavior of a self‐interest seeking moral individual over random allocation procedures. Individual preferences are decomposed into a self‐interest component and a component representing the individual's moral value judgment. Each component has a distinct utility representation, and the preference relation depicting the choice behavior is representable by a real‐valued function defined on the components utilities. The utility representing the self‐interest component is linear and the utility representing the individual's moral value judgment is quasi‐concave. The addition of a hexagon condition implies that the utility representing the individual's preference is additively separable in the components utilities.     

Quantitative Methods for Environmental Justice Assessment of Transportation

Application of Executive Order 12898 to risk assessment of highway or rail transport of hazardous materials has proven difficult; in general, the location and conditions affecting the propagation of a plume of hazardous material released in a potential accident are unknown. Therefore, analyses have only been possible in a geographically broad or approximate manner. The advent of geographic information systems and development of software enhancements at Sandia National Laboratories have made kilometer-by-kilometer analysis of populations tallied by U.S. Census blocks along entire routes practicable. Tabulations of total or racially/ethnically distinct populations close to a route, its alternatives, or the broader surrounding area, can then be compared and differences evaluated statistically. This article presents methods of comparing populations and their racial/ethnic compositions using simple tabulations, histograms, and chi-square tests for statistical significance of differences found. Two examples of these methods are presented: comparison of two routes and comparison of a route with its surroundings.     

Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction in Coaching

This study explored organizational climate perceptions within high school athletic departments from the point of view of coaches. Five key facets of job satisfaction and satisfaction with the job in general were assessed as well as the relationship between each facet and three distinctive dimensions of organizational justice. High school coaches (N = 392) indicated that their athletic departments maintained a fair operating climate and were satisfied with each of the five facets and their jobs in general. Also, a linear relationship (p ≤ 0.05) was found between each of the three fairness dimensions and each of the job satisfaction facets as well as the job itself.

程序公平和分配公平影响联盟绩效的机理研究

对程序公平和分配公平影响联盟绩效的路径进行了分析,通过理论分析和实证研究发现,承诺是程序公平和分配公平影响联盟绩效的一个显著路径.同时,研究结论也表明:程序公平和分配公平能够提高组织在联盟中的承诺;承诺是提高联盟绩效的一个关键因素.这些结论有助于认识程序公平和分配公平影响联盟绩效的机理,使公平理论能够更好地指导联盟的实践.     

The Role of Geographic Scale in Monitoring Environmental Justice

Utilizing the concept of environmental justice, this paper examines the differential burdens of toxic and hazardous waste facilities locations in low income minority communities. The association between the presence of facilities and socioeconomic characteristics of places are examined for the state of South Carolina at three different spatial scales: counties, census tracts, and census block groups. Three different types of hazardous waste/toxic facilities are also examined: Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) sites, Treatment, Storage, and Disposal sites (TSD), and inactive hazardous waste sites. At the county level, there was some association between the presence of toxic/hazardous waste facilities and race and income. In South Carolina, this translates to a disproportionate burden on White, more affluent communities in metropolitan areas, rather than low income minority communities. At both the census tract and block group levels, there is no association between race and the location of toxic/hazardous waste facilities. There are slight differences in the income levels between tracts and block groups with facilities and those without. This localized ecology of hazard sources must be expanded to include emission/discharge data in order to adequately address environmental justice issues on who bears the burdens of environmental contamination.