略说古代史家史学批评的辩证方法

唐代史家刘知畿在总结以往史学发展的基础上撰成《史通》一书,这标志着中国古代史学批评发展到更加自觉的境界。它在理论上的提升和专题评论的广泛展开,上承魏晋,下启两宋元明,大多反映出辩证的认识和方法．极大地丰富了中国古代史学批评的内涵及其史学价值和理论意义。总结这一辩证方法运用的传统,对当今史学批评的开展,仍有一定的借鉴作用。

Abstract：

LIU Zhi-ji,as a historian of the Tang Dynasty,writes the book Shi Tong on the basis of summa- rizing the former development of historiography,which indicates that the ancient Chinese historical criticism has developed into a stage with more self-consciousness. The advancement in the theory and the expansion in the discussion of certain issues,inheriting from the Wei and Jin Dynasty and initiating the Song,Yuan and Ming Dynasty, mostly reflect the dialectical method and understanding, and greatly enriches the conno- tation,historical merits and the theoretical significance of the historical criticism in ancient Chinese criticism of historiography. Summarizing the tradition of using this dialectical method will inspire the development of today＇s historical criticism.