独生子女早熟与幼稚并存现象探源──关于家庭与学校教育问题的思考

一、早熟与幼稚现象种种今天,许多家长和老师都反映现在的孩子聪明、乖巧,他们的少儿期和发育期已变得出奇地短,好象一夜之间他们就早熟了,可在许多方面又惊人地幼稚。不可否认,随着城市家庭生活水平的普遍提高,当今独生子女确实具有以往的青少年所缺乏的优势和长处,但独生子女身心与智能发展不均衡的现象还是随处可见的。据笔者跟踪观察,发现当前中小学生在人格与心理发展方面有四大现象值得引起关注：（一）“蛋壳化’现象目前,上海400万家庭中,62％是独生子女家庭。越来越多的“独生子女”生活在一个“独门独户”和“独养”的…     

宝宝待人接物8大要领

正独生子女容易被溺爱,不仅当今如此,陈鹤琴先生所处的年代也是如此。他举例说有一个叫文德的家长得了一个独生子,家人非常宠爱孩子,照顾得非常周到。刚出生的两个月,孩子一哭,家长就抱,还边抱边摇     

致女儿

致女儿文玄承东丝远：当爸爸为你写下这篇文章时，你还是一个出生不过三天的婴儿，你的眼睛还没有完全睁开，你的哭声还是那样的无力。更令人心疼的是，你根本无法像都市那些独生子女一样，从呱呱坠地的那一刻起，就被众星捧月一般得到过多的祝福，过多的溺爱，过多的恩宠...     

30年独生子女教育研究述评

通过对中国期刊网1980年至2011年收录的有关独生子女教育研究论文的分析发现,独生子女研究主要分为独生子女与非独生子女的对比研究和针对独生子女群体进行的教育研究两大类型。对比研究中,在独生子女与非独生子女是否存在差异问题上存在不同的结论．大多数研究结果倾向于独生子女和非独生子女各有优势和劣势。在独生子女教育问题上。研究结果认为独生子女的很多问题都不是与生俱来的,而是后天家庭、学校各方面影响和教育的结果,因此。在制定教育对策时需要针对独生子女的特点,发挥其优势,纠正教育误区。对独生子女教育规律的掌握和运用可以成为解释独生子女与非独生子女之间的差异随年龄的增长而缩小现象的一个原因。     

“性”福抗“疲”不完全手册

当今都市已婚人群面临的最常见的性难题不是阳痿、早泄等,而是缺乏应有的性欲望或是过早地失去它。尤其在生活平淡的夫妻和长期独身的人群里,这种情况更为普遍。     

独生子女与非独生子女大学生消费现状及教育对策

研究采用分层抽样法选取扬州四所高校457名大学生,利用自编的“大学生消费状况问卷”对独生子女与非独生子女的消费状况进行调查。结果表明大学生独生子女与非独生子女在消费的各个方面均存在一定程度的差异且呈现以下特点：独生子女的消费层次高于非独生子女：大学生以生存消费为主,且消费结构呈现多样化。针对大学生消费中存在的问题,高校要重视对大学生消费行为的引导,进行合理的消费教育：家长要区分孩子消费行为的合理性;大学生自身要树立正确的消费观念。     

独生子女家庭与国防风险研究

我国独生子女家庭是与计划生育政策密不可分的一类特殊家庭,随着目前独生子女家庭数量的增加,家庭结构和亲子关系的变化,对国防建设产生影响;成年独生子女投身国家安全事业也给家庭安全带来了一定程度的风险,本文考察与研究了独生子女家庭的国防风险。     

代际流动的未来希望——独生子女学历目标分析

中国自1979年开始实施的计划生育政策,使中国的家庭规模和家庭关系发生了巨大变化,特别是在城市中,独生子女家庭占据主导地位。作为唯一的子女,独生子女身上背负着父母所有的期望和寄托,也是父母年老时唯一的依靠。面对在生存与地位竞争日趋激烈的社会中教育文凭所起的愈益重要的作用以及来自父母期望的压力,处于中学阶段的独生子女的学历目标是否和非独生子女具有明显的差异,影响独生子女和非独生子女学历目标的社会因素是否也有所不同,这是本文所要讨论的主要内容。本文对郑州、开封两城市619名中学生的调查结果表明,独生子女和非独生子女的学历目标及其影响因素在整体上基本一致,但在性别差异方面以及影响因素的具体细节上二者存在一定的差异,表现出家庭因素对两类中学生的不同影响作用。     

独生子女与非独生子女大学生人格比较研究

独生子女与非独生子女大学生人格比较研究●许克毅宋宝萍独生子女在大学生中的比例逐年增加，使高校面临着一系列新的问题：独生子女大学生与非独生子女大学生有何区别？他们具有怎样的个性特点？应该如何针对性地对独生子女大学生进行教育和管理？本文采用卡特尔１６ｐｆ...     

独生子女对大学学校适应的影响

目的:探讨城乡差异及是否独生子女对大学生学校适应的影响。方法:采用自己编制的大学生学校适应问卷对400名大学生进行调查,并对结果进行了相应的处理分析。结果:非独生子女与独生子女相比对大学有更好的适应性。结论:独生子女对大学生学校适应有深刻的影响。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

“吸毒人员未成年子女监护问题”研讨会综述

针对吸毒人员对其未成年子女的监护不力或监护缺失的现状，深入探讨了终止、剥夺乃至转移吸毒人员监护权的问题。涉及到监护权转移实践方面的问题，与会专家提出了临时监护人，短、长期寄养家庭，机构性质的儿童之家，儿童福利院等多种监护权转移方案。对一些存有疑义的问题，则是需要系统研究、统筹规划的新课题。     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.