Private Children's Homes

Summary The paper provides survey and intensive research material onthe private children's homes sector. It is shown that this sectoris currently in decline. Private homes are found to be shelteringchildren with long and complex care histories and to adopt adistinctive residential style. Although private homes providevaluable long term continuity, they are less likely to offerthe same range of community services as do residential settingsmanaged by the local authority and voluntary child care agencies.     

家园的守望

现代科技是一把双刃剑,它一方面把人类引向对文明成果的片面依赖,使本该亲密的个体变成为孤独无依的游离个体;另一方面,对科技的高度信任和片面依赖,又使大多数人失去了其应有的创造性,成为机械化的、呆滞的人。对技术理性进行必要的反思与批判,重新审视审美活动的当代意义,正是恢复完美人性、重返人类精神家园的重要途径。     

The Micro-economics of Old People's Homes

Summary Eleven old people's homes in England were studied to investigatehow money was distributed within the home, what it had to coverand how it could be spent. The level of the Personal Allowanceand the problems of providing shopping facilities are discussed.The relationship between questions of money and independence,initiative and responsibility in old peoples' homes are consideredand suggestions are put forward to increase old peoples' choiceand control over their own lives.     

Admission to Nursing Homes in Taiwan

The population of Taiwan is facing a radical ageing process. A proportion of the growing number of people aged 65 and over is expected to need nursing home care. This research concerns the family context of decision‐making in the process of admission to a nursing home in Taiwan. Employing survey data from interviews with elderly people in nursing homes (235 interviews) and their carers/key families (265 interviews), the factors affecting their views about admission were explored. Bivariate analysis and a logistic regression model were also used to examine perceptions of alternatives to nursing home care among family members with elderly relatives in nursing homes. Most elderly people in Taiwan are cared for in their own homes by their families but, in some circumstances, entry to a nursing home seemed inevitable. This research found that the decisions were taken mainly within a family context. The adult children of the elderly people, carers/key families’ preferences and the availability of carers influenced the decision. Apart from the important need factors of elders, families’ views about alternatives to nursing homes were significantly influenced by their preferences. This study has important implications for long‐term care in Taiwan. It is hoped that this will be needs‐led, both by elderly people and their families.     

Measuring Person-Environment Fit in Nursing Homes

The importance of understanding the congruence of people with their environments is well established in social work. This article presents an approach for measuring this conceptualization in long-term care settings. Three scales were developed and tested in nursing home settings with the results showing excellent reliability and strong validity.     

论后现代的人权观

本文阐释了后现代主义的人权观点 ,认为生存权、生活权是后现代人权观的重要内容。除此之外 ,后现代人权观的出现也是一种历史的必然。     

论别尔嘉耶夫的马克思主义观

别尔嘉耶夫是19世纪末20世纪初俄国白银时代著名的宗教哲学家,他从宗教存在主义的立场出发对马克思主义有着自己的解读,并在对苏联时期马克思主义的分析和评价中阐明了自己的马克思主义观。他认为苏联时期的马克思主义过分强调客观必然性,忽视了人自由的本质和创造性的使命,从而造成了人之主体性的缺席,这种思想观点与20世纪新马克思主义具有诸多契合之处。     

Views on Development and Cultural Construction

ⅠAftertheThirdPlenarySessionofthe11thPartyCentralCommittee,thegreatcauseofChina'smodernizationdrivewaslaunched,andthepreviouserroneousguidingideologyofthe"Left,"whichtookclassstruggleasthekeylink,wascorrected;theexperiencesandlessonslearnedfromthefirstmodelofsocialistpracticeweresummarized,andtheerroneousattitudespreviouslyadoptedtowardsWestindustrialnations,suchascuttingoffanylinkswiththem,andindiscriminatelycriticizingandrejectinganythingfromtheWestwereabandoned.Undertheseconditions,peop…     

关于“新经济”的几点看法

最近几年来,无论是在国内还是在国外,有关“新经济”的讨论不绝于耳。赞成者称之为一种新的“经济形态”,或者新的“经济时代”;反对者称之为“伪问题”,是经济学研究的一个“误区”,认为是媒体炒作的产物,严肃的学者大多不屑置喙。那么,究竟应该如何看待“新经济”？是弃之如敝屣？还是通过认真的学术研究深入探究它所隐藏的丰富内涵？本文拟就这个问题谈几点看法,以求教于方家。     

当代审美视野中的民俗景观

本文从民俗仪式、民俗意念、民俗器物等三个方面观察、归纳了社会转型期乡土小说创作中的民俗表现.一方面,考察了社会转型期下层民间文化的错动、流变以及由之所呈现出的种种景观;另一方面也探讨了这种变动对于创作的影响,即文化意蕴如何具体地转化为审美表现.     

苏轼尚“意”书法艺术观探讨

苏轼对中国诗歌书法有着自己独到的见解,苏轼的书法艺术观中核心思想是尚"意",书法中真正融入了创作者的艺术情感、个人气质、学问才识,着力突出书法中蕴含的内在精神.他完成了对唐人尚"法"思想的反叛,建立了自己独特的审美艺术观,开辟了宋书的新面貌.     

对山东两个民办养老机构的比较研究

近几年来,在社会上涌现出了一大批由个人兴办的民办机构,承担着先前由政府或单位承担的诸多事务。民办养老机构作为一种介于“政府”与“家庭”之间的新型的养老形式,获得了新的发展生机。由于我国民办养老机构在目前仍然处于起步阶段,还存在着诸多的问题。本文通过对山东省两个具有一定发展规模的民办养老机构的调查研究,对比两者在机构发展中的特征,以此来探讨民办养老机构发展的经验、教训以及未来发展的方向。     

江泽民和谐社会理念探析

江泽民在领导改革开放和现代化建设的过程中,提出了保持社会稳定,正确处理改革、发展、稳定的关系,以人民群众为本,实施科学发展,建立和谐世界,保持长期稳定的社会环境等观点。这些思想观点,形成了江泽民和谐社会理念。在新的历史条件下,发展了马克思主义的社会建设理论。为党中央关于社会主义和谐社会理论的形成,提供了重要的理论条件和现实途径。     

农民群体的保障观

农民的社会保障近年来备受关注,但观念层面的讨论却很少出现在学术视野当中。保障观的研究有助于自下而上地理解农民作为底层群体的生存及发展状况,有利于加强社会保障政策的针对性和实效性。本文从农民立场出发,透过农民个体的生命历程及家庭中重大事件,分析农民“浸润”在日常生活中的对于保障的看法,从中探究作为农民“生存之道”的保障观的形成及意义,使社会保障研究和决策真正了解到他们的需要,真正有利于农民生存状态的改善。     

Social Process, Space Usage: Reflections on Socialisation in Homes for Children

Summary This paper analyses the links between social processes and spaceusage through an examination of socialization and patterns ofspace use in local authority homes for children. Concepts of’family group‘ and ’responsibility‘are discussed using data from a participant observation studyas a basis, drawing attention to the relationship between socialpower and meanings attributed to architectural space.     

Social Workers and Resident Participation in Old Age Homes

This paper reviews a study on the attitudes of social workers and directors of Old Age Homes (OAHs) toward the idea of resident oarticioation in these institutions. The idea of resident participation is firmly rooted in the value system of the social work profession. The study indeed indicates that social workers are committed to this idea and acknowledge its desirability. However, for most of them this commitment is not coupled with concrete activities designed to promote resident participation in the OAHs in which they operate. The paper examines several factors that may clarify this discrepancy between the commitment to the idea and the practical involvement in its realization.     

北京市社会办养老院入住老人生活状况及满意度调查分析

随着社会福利社会化及相关政策的出台,社会办养老院迅速发展起来,机构养老方式也逐渐为更多的老人所接受。在养老院数量快速增加的同时,其服务质量也应得到及时的关注。本文在对北京市社会办养老院入住老人生活状况和满意度问卷调查的基础上,分析了入住老人的生活质量和支持网络,并且从服务使用者的角度探析社会办养老院的服务状况和服务质量,并藉此对此类养老院近期的发展提出建议。     

敬老院老年人精神生活状况的调查与思考——以长沙市F敬老院为例

人口老龄化是世界性问题,中国已经步入老龄社会,人口老龄化压力已经显现,并将随着老龄化的发展而不断加重。机构养老成为越来越多的老年人的选择。为了了解机构老年人的精神生活状况,笔者对长沙市F区敬老院进行了调查。调查发现,老年人对敬老院的日常生活照料满意度较高;但老年人精神生活存在的问题比较多,如:社会交往少、精神负担重、敬老院精神服务能力与水平有限等等。要改善老年人的精神生活状况,一是要加强护理人员的专业培训,提高护理人员的专业水平;二是建立专业的社工站,拓展老年人精神生活的专业支持;三是构建多元服务模式,丰富老年人精神生活;四是建构老年人社会支持网,发挥社会支持系统的作用。