高校财务困境的估量与判别

高校扩招使其银行贷款数额剧增,财务风险加大.本文对高校财务资源、财务困境进行分析,建立了财务困境判别指标体系,提出防范高校财务风险的对策.     

概率神经网络在财务预警实证中的应用

建立切合企业实际的财务预警系统,具有降低企业经营风险、投资风险以及防范金融危机的积极作用.在充分考察财务困境研究领域现状的基础上,建立一套适合于我国企业的财务状况识别指标体系.本文将概率神经网络(PNN)应用在财务困境研究领域,建立了财务预警模型.结果表明,该预警模型具有较高的预测准确率和良好的操作性.其短期(一年期)和中期(三年期)预测准确率分别为87.5%和81.25%.     

后金融危机时期中小企业应对财务困境对策探讨

随着经济体制改革的深入,我国中小型企业已成为国民经济的重要组成部分,对促进经济发展和社会稳定起着举足轻重的作用。目前,席卷全球的经济危机使我国绝大多数中小企业陷入了前所未有的生存困境。本文依据我国中小企业独特的内外生存环境,调查分析了中小企业财务困境现状,结合笔者作为企业财务管理者的切身体会,基于对中小企业在全球金融危机大背景下财务决策的思考,对中小企业自身如何应对财务困境提出了一些具体对策。     

中小企业网络财务呈报现状及建议——基于中小企业板上市公司的数据

以互联网为代表的信息技术的广泛应用推动了学术界和实务界对企业网络财务报告的应用研究.本文选择中小企业的网络呈报作为研究重点,结合中小企业板上市公司网络财务披露的实际情况,探析了中小企业网络财务呈报水平、网络财务呈报形式、网络财务呈报态度以及融资困境与财务信息化的关系等问题,并提出变革中小企业网络财务呈报的建议.     

上市公司财务困境“A记分法”预测模型研究

本文提出了“A记分”法用于我国上市公司财务困境预测分析需要解决的问题，然后采用归纳法总结了上市公司财务困境形成原因，在此基础上，采用统计方法建立了上市公司财务困境“A记分法”分析模型。     

Logistic方法在财务困境预测中的应用

财务困境预测已成为国内外广泛关注的研究领域.财务困境预测方法主要包括多元线性判别法、逻辑回归法等参数方法以及神经网络等非参数方法,本文对各主要方法的优劣进行了评价,阐述了逻辑回归模型在财务困境预测领域的应用现状,并应用Logistic模型对我国上市公司进行了分类预测,在T-2年上取得了较好的预测精度.     

财务困境预测中BP神经网络模型应用综述

金融危机席卷全球,处于金融市场之中的企业随时面临着陷入财务困境的可能,财务困境预测模型的建立可以使公司提前预测到困境的发生,从而及早避免投资损失.随着信息技术的发展,人工神经网络预测模型开始兴起,本文重点介绍了BP神经网络模型在财务困境预测中的应用情况,并将BP神经网络模型与传统统计方法进行了比较分析.     

基于滚动时间窗口支持向量机的财务困境预测动态建模

该文从财务困境概念漂移的全新视角,提出了基于滚动时间窗口支持向量机(suppon vector machine,SVM)的财务困境预测动态建模新方法.设计了面向概念漂移进行财务困境预测动态建模的思路框架,分为宽度固定的滚动时间窗口 SVM 和宽度可变的滚动时间窗口 SVM 分别展开算法设计.以中国上市公司为对象,通过模拟时间推移过程,对 2000 至 2008 期间被 ST 的上市公司及其配对公司共692个样本展开实证研究.结果表明:基于滚动时间窗口 SVM 的财务困境预测动态建模方法能够有效地适应财务困境的概念漂移现象,对未来企业财务困境的预测效果明显优于静态 SVM 模型.通过比较分析,认为适应性可变时间窗口 SVM 动态建模方法具有较好的应用推广性.     

中小企业并购中的财务风险分析

目前,中小企业在我国企业总数量上占据了绝大部分,中小企业的发展壮大也越来越为人们所关注,并购可以是中小企业走上多元化发展之路,但也隐藏着巨大的财务风险.本文试图根据中小企业自身的特点,对其在并购的不同阶段所将面临着财务风险进行分析,并提出了使用并购基金等措施来减少中小企业在并购中可能面临的财务风险、力求使得中小企业并购的成功率有所上升.     

基于RS与ANN的上市公司财务困境预测模型的实证研究

本文以中国上市公司作为研究对象,采用粗糙集理论(RS)客观选出预测模型指标体系,以因财务状况异常而被列为特别处理公司(ST公司)作为界定上市公司的财务困境标志,采用人工神经网络(ANN)寻找最佳的利用公开财务数据预测中国上市公司财务困境的模型。我们的研究结果表明,总资产报酬率等18个包括现金流量类指标的财务指标有较强的区分财务困境公司和财务健康公司的能力;行业类型和资产规模对于上市公司财务困境预测具有至关重要的作用;运用ANN建立的神经网络模型有较强和较稳定的预测能力。     

Efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge management systems in SMEs

This paper proposes a 3D fuzzy logic methodology to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge management systems (KMSs) adopted by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and identifies a classification bringing together the behaviour of SMEs when adopting KMSs. The proposed methodology was previously tested on an individual SME and then implemented on a sample of SMEs. The results highlight that there is an ample variety of behaviours related to the nature of knowledge and the KMSs used. Specifically, four typologies of behaviour are identified: the efficient and effective SME, the effective but inefficient SME, the efficient but ineffective SME, and the inefficient and ineffective SME. The results show that only 18% of surveyed SMEs are efficient and effective for both KM-Tools and KM-Practices, the remaining 82% are inefficient or ineffective for KM-Tools and/or KM-Practices. Lastly, the paper shows how this methodology may be used by an SME as a managerial tool to suggest appropriate changes to improve the efficient and effective adoption of KMSs supporting SMEs in the knowledge management processes.     

Knowledge management based collaboration moderator services to support SMEs in virtual organizations

Abstract

Collaboration Moderator Services (CMS) are discussed as a Knowledge management service for SMEs operating in a virtual organization (VO). In this research, a CMS supports the pre-creation stage of a VO by quickly identifying potential business opportunities and collaborative partners. Text mining techniques are used to analyze calls for tender documents based on the competencies and areas of interest stored in the shared information about companies in a collaboration pool. A case study of UK-based SMEs demonstrates the application of text mining as a knowledge discovery tool, supporting SMEs at the pre-creation stage of a VO. Results show that text mining can be used to (1) identify possible business opportunities for SMEs in the collaborative network (2) Indicate potential collaborations between pairs of SMEs using link analysis and (3) Raise awareness of business opportunities and possible SME partners for multi-enterprise collaborations using a dimensional matrix.     

Knowledge management in consultancy-involved process improvement projects: cases from Chinese SMEs

Abstract

Knowledge management (KM) is considered as an effective strategy to improve organizational performance. In its application to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), resource constraints mean that exploitation of knowledge from external sources is often needed. This study explores practical KM issues encountered by Chinese SMEs when working with management consultants to introduce new business improvement practices. A comparative case study is conducted focusing on two consultancy-involved process improvement projects in Chinese manufacturing SMEs. The case results suggest a clear KM strategy is needed at the outset of the project and SME managers and employees need to play a proactive role in the learning and adoption of new knowledge. The research is novel in that it is the first study to explore knowledge management and the notion of liminality within the context of consultancy-involved Chinese SME improvement projects. The paper culminates with two research propositions that require further empirical study.     

How do boards of directors contribute to family SME export intensity? The role of formal and informal governance mechanisms

Internationalization is a strong challenge that firms have to face today. However, small and medium-sized family firms internationalize their business after consolidating their position in domestic markets. Family SMEs approach international markets usually through export activities. Considerable academic attention has been given to family SME export behaviour, however, the debate is still inconclusive. Therefore, more attention on family SME unique governance mechanisms may shed a new light on this issue. The paper analyses family SME export intensity by showing how the board of directors could provide assistance in the selection and implementation of this strategy. We explore whether, and to what extent, both formal and informal features of boards of directors (dual governance) influence family SME export intensity. This is explored in a sample of 101 Norwegian family SMEs. Export intensity is the dependent variable and hypotheses on the positive effect of independence in board behaviour (formal governance mechanism), relational norms and trust (informal governance mechanisms) are supported. The paper has substantial theoretical contributions and practical implications. The results show that formal and informal governance mechanisms can co-exist complementing and supplementing each other, thus positively influencing family SME export intensity.     

‘Training,it's a load of crap!’: the story of the hairdresser and his ‘Suit’

Many managers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are more concerned about survival rather than growth. There are consistent findings that indicate managers in SMEs do not respond favourably to offers of HRD interventions and government policy now recognizes the value of informal learning and demand-led intervention. A social constructionist approach is suggested to consider engaging and working with SME managers. A framework of SME ‘worlds’ is considered before the case of one SME is examined. Using data from three different sources, the various positionings are considered. The case shows how from an apparently antagonistic view of external training, the manager was prepared to allow a coach/mentor to work with him towards his vision for expansion and growth. Conclusions are provided concerning engagement and stretch with SMEs, policy and future funding for HRD and the definition of skills development.     

Internationalization of family SMEs: the impact of ownership, governance, and top management team

Family small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) internationalize their business after consolidating their position in their domestic market. Once family SMEs have built up the necessary resources and capabilities for their growth in the domestic market, they may leverage it later on for further expansion abroad. This paper seeks to examine the determinant factors that may explain the internationalization of family SMEs. More specifically, this study will examine the relationship between ownership, governance, top management team (TMT) and internationalization in family SMEs. Family SMEs may reap the benefit of stewardship orientation. This study seeks to examine the potential moderating role of stewardship orientation and TMT behavioral integration. The main contribution of this study is in examining theoretically and conceptually the relationship between ownership, governance, TMT and internationalization in the family SME context.     

Of those who plan: A meta-analysis of the relationship between human capital and business planning

Business planning is a popular managerial practice, especially in the SME context. Yet, literature presents diverging perspectives regarding business planning and the role it fulfills for the individuals leading these organizations. To advance research, we focus on evidence regarding factors that determine whether and how individuals engage in business planning. Drawing on human capital concepts and the theory of planned behavior, we scrutinize how education and different prominent work experience types influence business planning behaviors. We use meta-analysis to aggregate data on 8095 observations leading SMEs from 31 independent data sets. We find critical differences in planning behaviors relating to human capital types, as well as to whether individuals engage in substantive planning processes or the specific preparation of a formal business plan. Implications of our findings for research on business planning are discussed.     

Benchmarking small companies on the internet

The World Wide Web offers tremendous opportunities to high growth SMEs, but successive research studies have shown that significant business benefits are not being realised. This paper reports the results of the first comprehensive study into web adoption and usage by SMEs in Northern Ireland. It confirms broader research into SME adoption and usage of the World Wide Web and suggests that, if SMEs are to realise the full potential of the Web, they must think globally, act strategically and learn from competitors.     

Understanding information systems infrastructure in engineering SMEs: A case study

The benefits of integrated enterprise-wide information systems (IS), such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, are widely accepted. The implementation of such systems in large organisations is established with many in their second or third generation. However, in small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) the maturity and extent of their IS infrastructure is less clear. In engineering SMEs, this infrastructure needs to support not only business processes but also the activities of design and manufacture.In this case study, our goal is to provide a better understanding of current IS infrastructure, the functional elements of IS infrastructure, integration and expenditures are explored in ten engineering SMEs. A model of IS functionality is developed and used to identify and classify functional elements within the firms and to compare and contrast the IS infrastructures. The findings are contrasted with the SME literature and conclusions and implications developed.     

Supply chain agility as an acclimatisation process to environmental uncertainty and organisational vulnerabilities: insights from British SMEs

Abstract

Even though supply chain agility (SCA) has been considered an essential concept in supply chain management (SCM) research, the way it is experienced and manifested, especially by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), has received much less attention. Our purpose is to focus on SME organisational vulnerabilities in the context of increased environmental uncertainty, and explore how SCA is developed and applied by SMEs amid their vulnerabilities. By relying on insights from comparative case studies of three British SMEs, we examine SME SCA as an acclimatisation process and delve into SMEs’ experiences of facing environmental uncertainty while developing and applying SCA. Our findings highlight that organisational attitudes underlie how SMEs perceive environmental uncertainty, tackle organisational vulnerabilities and develop SCA as an acclimatisation process. Our findings also reveal that resource constraints, supply chain relationships, interorganisational power dynamics, and access to information play important roles in developing SCA.