西部贫困地区农村社会保障体系缺失的困境及政策建议

十六届五中全会提出,建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务,要建立健全与经济发展水平相适应的社会保障体系。随着我国市场经济体制的全面建立,西部贫困地区农村人口面临的风险增加,抵御风险的能力弱化,而新的社会保障体系建立的步伐滞缓。本文针对西部贫困地区农村经济社会发展的现状,提出建立社会保障体系的迫切性和政策建议。     

河南洛宁县:创新保障模式 关爱困境儿童

正核心提示:虽然河南洛宁属国家扶贫开发重点县,但在发展儿童福利事业方面,却勇于创新,大胆尝试。一方面,在明确和落实困境儿童基本生活保障和救助标准的基础上,积极构建以满足困境儿童需求为导向的助养、助困、助医、助学、助业五位一体救助体系,全面保障困境儿童健康成长;另一方面,依托儿童福利院成立县级儿童福利指导中心,18个乡(镇)依托民政     

中国儿童福利的制度转型与政策设计

制度转型凸显三大基本特征中国政府一直将尊重儿童权利、维护儿童权利作为社会核心价值理念来推动。十八大以来,各级政府更加重视以保障民生为重要内容的社会建设,为儿童福利制度建设奠定了政治基础。近年来儿童福利政策的发展以及社会力量参与儿童福利服务的情况表明,中国的儿童福利制度已经进入从补缺型向适度普惠型迈进的重大转型时期,呈现出以下三个非常鲜明的特征:首先,政府决策突出重视民间参与。2012年儿童福利领域一个突出现象是全民关注和参与,政府和     

浙江：强化政策创制 保障“困境儿童”权益

2011年6月,浙江省出台了《关于加快发展孤儿和困境儿童福利事业的意见》（浙政办发[2011]60号,以下简称《意见》）。《意见》在明确机构供养孤儿和社会散居孤儿基本生活费标准等福利政策的同时,第一次在省级规范性文件中提出了“困境儿童”的概念,并将“困境儿童”纳入到福利保障范围。     

社工介入:困境儿童权益保障

正本文从社会工作的角度、分析了现阶段我国在困境儿童权益保障工作中,社会工作专业服务适时引入的可行性和重要意义、并就社工介入方法和模式提出建议。党的十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)提出,要健全困境儿童分类保障制度,这是党和国家对困境儿童保障工作的重要指示,也是全国困境儿童的一大福音。2013年6月29日,民政部下发《关于开展适度普惠型儿童福利制度建设     

现阶段国企社会保障制度的政策选择

消除社会保障体系的非社会化行为和单位福利社会主义制度下形成的国有企业福利壁垒约束 ,建立社会主义市场经济条件下的社会保障机制及再就业机制 ,应将国企社会保障制度改革的政策选择定位于保证劳动力的合理流动与配置上 ,发挥体制转轨中特有的社会整合功能 ,消除国有企业困难职工的贫困问题     

浙江丽水市:保障困境儿童生活福利

正浙江省丽水市高度重视儿童福利事业发展,在深入调查摸底的基础上,按照分层次、分类型、分标准的原则,着力构建困境儿童基本生活费自然增长、困境儿童分类保障动态管理和多部门协作推进三大运行机制,儿童福利保障对象从单一的孤儿、弃婴群体向适度普惠的孤儿和困境儿童群体转变,儿童福利保障机制从传统的困难救助体系向儿童福利普惠制度转变。目前,全市九县(市、区)均建立了困境儿童基本生活保障制度,景宁     

困境儿童的监护权转移

困境儿童,在我国现阶段主要是指残疾儿童、孤儿、弃婴（弃儿）和流浪儿童。随着儿童福利工作范围和职能的扩展,部分服刑人员的未成年子女和滞留在福利机构的打拐儿童也将纳入困境儿童范畴。     

新疆维吾尔自治区:加强困境儿童福利保障 促进社会和谐稳定

首先,领导重视,为试点工作顺利进行提供了坚强保障当前,新疆处于三期叠加(暴力恐怖活动的活跃期、反分裂斗争的激烈期、干预治疗的阵痛期)的特殊时期,境内外三股势力与我们争夺阵地、争夺群众、争夺人心的斗争异常激烈。儿童是祖国的未来,在新疆特殊形势下,更需要把儿童福利服务体系建设试点工作放到维护新疆社会稳定和实现长治久安的大势大局背景下     

深圳:规范程序 覆盖困境儿童

正深圳市"明天计划"工作自2004年启动实施以来,截至2013年9月底,共实施了502人539例手术,手术成功率达99%。该市不仅关注机构内孤残儿童康复问题,还为低保家庭残疾儿童提供免费手术康复治疗。手术住院经费全部从福利彩票公益金中支付。完善制度优化流程"明天计划"启动后该市制定了《深圳市"残疾孤儿手术康复明天计划"实施方案》、《深圳     

社会政策视角下的流浪儿童救助保护

我国政府历来重视对流浪儿童的救助保护,也取得了相当的成绩,但该领域的政策体系尚存缺陷与不足,难以满足社会发展的需要。立足现实,从社会政策的视角,探究流浪儿童救助保护政策的现状,并提出有关对策建议,以期建立健全该领域的社会政策框架。     

Challenges in Multidisciplinary Systematic Reviewing: A Study on Social Exclusion and Mental Health Policy

In the clinical sciences, systematic reviews have proved useful in the aggregation of diverse sources of evidence. They identify, characterize and summate evidence, but these methodologies have not always proved suitable for the social sciences. We discuss some of the practical problems faced by researchers undertaking reviews of complex and cross‐disciplinary topics, using the example of mental health and social exclusion. The barriers to carrying out social science and cross‐disciplinary reviews are reported and some proposals for overcoming these barriers are made, not all of them tried and tested, and some of them controversial. Using a mapping approach, a wide‐ranging search of both clinical and social science databases was undertaken and a large volume of references was identified and characterized. Population sampling techniques were used to manage these references. The challenges encountered include: inconsistent definitions of social phenomena, differing use of key concepts across research fields and practical problems relating to database compatibility and computer processing power. The challenges and opportunities for social scientists or multidisciplinary research teams carrying out reviews are discussed. Literature mapping and systematic reviews are useful tools but methods need to be tailored to optimize their usefulness in the social sciences.     

Review Article: Perspectives on Australian Social Policy

Books reviewed in this article:
B. Cheers Welfare Bushed: Social Care in Rural Australia
A.Jamrozik and L. Nocella The Sociology of Social Problems: Theoretical Perspectives and Methods of Intervention
R. Hugman Social Welfare and Social Value
J. S. O'Connor, A. S.Orloff and S. Shaver States, Markets, Families: Gender, Liberalism and Social Policy in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and the United States     

Economic Policy and Social Policy: Policy-linkages in an Era of Globalisation

This article argues that changes in the role of the state in economic affairs will affect the process of social policy. Growing economic integration caused by globalisation now places a greater constraint upon the discretion of the nation state, bringing about a transformation into a more competitive state. States are increasingly having to compete against each other in order to promote competitiveness and attract foreign direct investment (FDI) from international capital markets. This competition influences in turn the social policy formation requiring the redesigning of social policy. Thus, welfare states may need to reform their social policy towards a "business-friendly social policy". The analysis of social policy inputs and outputs presented here suggests that there are common trends in most welfare states towards: a market-conforming policy on business taxation, a reduction of the share of employer's contributions in social protection revenues, more limited income security programmes, an increased allocation of resources for active labour market programmes and less state intervention in the labour market. All these reforming trends in social policy can be understood as a response of welfare states to the evolving needs of business caused by structural change, notably globalisation.     

Social Policy in Singapore: Insights from a Social Work Perspective

Social work practice, irrespective of the location of practice, is shaped by local conditions, particularly the laws and policies applicable to the practice. Most governments adopt some form of institutional arrangements pertinent to local conditions to meet local needs, such arrangements in Western contexts commonly being described as the welfare state. In other contexts, notably the East Asian context, the Western welfare state has been deemed inappropriate for meeting local needs. In this discussion there will be a focus on arrangements developed in Singapore, a country in the East Asian region. Although Singapore has eschewed any notion of a welfare state, this discussion will demonstrate that it does have in place a range of policy responses to meet Singaporean needs and that these measures are consistent with the frameworks adopted by emerging Confucian welfare states.     

Volunteerism: Social Issues Perspectives and Social Policy Implications

This analytic review focuses on theory and research on volunteerism. First, we define volunteerism as freely chosen helping activities that extend over time and that are often performed through organizations and on behalf of receptive causes or individuals. Next, we link these definitional features to the Volunteer Process Model, which depicts volunteerism as a process with three sequential and interactive stages (antecedents, experiences, and consequences) and at multiple levels of analysis. Then, we use this model to organize the empirical literature on volunteerism and selected work on social movements. Finally, we discuss implications for social policy issues relevant to individuals, organizations, communities, and societies.