Sympathy and the Value of Health: The Spill-over Effects of Migraine on Household Well-being

In this paper a model of life satisfactionmeasurement is formulated to calculatehappiness interdependencies. The model isapplied to estimate the spill-over effects ofmigraine headache on well-being. It is foundthat women are more compassionate thanmen. The results also show that ignoringhappiness interdependencies of migraineheadache underestimates the effects of migraineheadache on well-being.     

河流生态恢复意愿调查居民支付与否的经济学分析——基于上海城市河流2010年和2006年数据的比较

意愿价值评估法(CVM)应用于生态服务价值评估时,零支付意愿的处理直接影响结果的估计值。我国特有的社会结构和发展阶段使得零支付意愿的原因复杂化、特殊化。在2006年研究成果的基础上,应用CVM方法于2010年再次调查上海居民对城市内河生态恢复的支付意愿(WTP),问卷中增加了对居民家庭中工作人口数量、房屋产权情况、是否步行到达河边等因素的调查。采用Logit概率模型分析影响居民支付与否的主要影响因素。结果显示:非高等教育、非沪户籍、老年人、对水体环境不满意、距离河流较远等因素增加了居民不愿意支付的概率。与2006年调查相比较,户籍、教育等因素影响呈现一定稳定性。沿河居住时期、家庭中工作人口数等因素呈现不同影响。最后指出:我国经济转型阶段的社会结构、制度安排等造成CVM支付意愿和真实需求之间的偏离,应用CVM方法及结果时须考虑这一效应。     

高龄老人入住养老机构意愿的影响因素研究——以重庆市主城九区为例

高龄老人入住养老机构的意愿主要受个人特征、家庭特征和对养老机构认知等因素的影响,通过对重庆市主城九区实地调研,采用Logistic二元回归模型进行分析。结果表明居住地、年龄、家庭规模、家庭年净收入、设施完善程度、服务质量好坏等因素对高龄老人入住养老机构的意愿影响显著。在此基础上提出应重视农村地区机构养老模式发展、加快养老机构建设等建议。     

城镇居民基本医疗保险的参与意愿及影响因素

基于全国9个城镇居民基本医疗保险试点城市的调查表明,年龄、民族、婚姻状况、健康状况、所在地区和家庭平均收入水平等变量对参与意愿有显著影响;性别、教育程度和工作状况对居民参与意愿没有影响：政府补贴水平对参与意愿具有明显的正向激励作用。要进一步提高城镇居民的参与率和覆盖水平,政府应加大宣传力度,促进西部地区和少数民族地区的经济发展,适当提高对参与居民的补贴水平。     

居民对生态环境改善的支付意愿与受偿意愿差异分析—理论探讨与上海的实证

支付意愿和受偿意愿在意愿价值法（CVM）评估生态服务价值应用中呈现的违背理论预期的巨大差异,是CVM方法有效性受到质疑的主要依据之一,也是国际研究的重点。国内由于缺乏该方面的实证研究与理论探讨,影响了CVM在我国生态环境价值评估中的应用,由此势必影响到以此为基础的相关环境公共政策的科学性。应用CVM评估上海景观内河的生态价值,不仅证实了支付意愿和受偿意愿的分布差异,与国外研究成果相比,呈现差异更大、范围更分散的特征。通过计量手段,揭示了差异的一般经济学因素和我国的特殊影响因素,如户籍因素、收入差距等,并建议：在中国应用CVM中选择价值测度指标时,应充分考虑收入差距、地区差距、二元结构等我国转型经济的特征。     

我国城乡流动人口教育回报率研究

随着我国经济的快速发展,劳动力市场的教育回报率受到广泛关注。利用三省20个村庄近3 500个农村劳动力的大样本调查资料,采用改进的Mincer模型,分析我国城乡流动人口教育回报状况以及地区间的差异。研究发现,我国城乡流动人口年平均教育回报率约为2%,其中初中、高中及以上的教育回报率约为3.3%,高于小学及以下的教育回报;城乡流动人口接受职业培训的回报率显著高于教育回报率,这暗示职业培训在城乡流动人口的人力资本积累中起着非常关键的作用;不同区域之间的教育和职业培训回报率存在明显差异,这些差异说明由于迁移成本等原因,当前我国非农部门对农业部门的溢出效应还存在一定的区域性。     

Sexistential Crisis: An Intersectional Analysis of Gender Expression and Sexual Orientation in Masculine Overcompensation

ABSTRACT

Masculine overcompensation—a phenomenon where men react to masculinity threats by endorsing hypermasculine ideals—has been demonstrated among straight men but has yet to be examined among gay men. The current study therefore proposed to examine whether gay men overcompensate similarly to their straight counterparts by providing participants with randomized feedback that threatened their masculinity. Overcompensation was measured in 867 online respondents by administering a series of questionnaires regarding views of pornography, rape, sex roles, and political orientation. Although our hypothesis was not confirmed, results revealed the intersectionality of both sexual orientation and self-reported gender expression regarding the formation of different views and beliefs. Specifically, masculinity was differentially related to homophobic attitudes, more callous views toward victims of sexual assault, and various components of attitudes toward pornography in gay and straight men. Masculine gay males held stereotypically masculine views less strongly than their masculine straight counterparts, providing evidence that gay males adopt a different type of masculinity than straight males—something of a “masculinity lite.” Such findings point to the converging influence of sexual orientation and gender expression as contributors relevant to the attitudes of gay and straight men. This information adds to a growing body of literature on differences between gay and straight men and can be used to inform theory, education, and clinical practice, particularly in settings where men grapple with the implications of their masculinity.     

新生代农民工市民化意愿的影响因素分析——基于广东省三市的调查

通过对广州、深圳、东莞三市外出务工人员的调查数据,运用理性选择理论,分析了新生代农民工市民化意愿及其影响因素。结果发现,年龄、性别、受教育程度和月收入都对新生代农民工的市民化意愿产生了影响;是否在城市购买住房、城市融入感和自我身份认同也影响了新生代农民工的市民化决策;购买城市社会保险显著提高市民化意愿。而务农经历、婚姻状况和是否获得技术等级证书则未对其市民化意愿产生影响。     

失业劳动力的就业渴望强度影响因素实证分析

本文基于重庆直辖市3000失业劳动力家庭人户调查的微观数据,运用排序选择logit模型估计了失业劳动力的人口统计学特征、人力资本、社会背景和社会政策．以及家庭经济状况等因素对其就业渴望强烈程度的影响。本文的政策含义在于：在健全失业保险的前提下,对失业劳动力适当的取消直接货币补偿而代之以非货币的扶持,可能更有利于刺激失业劳动力积极寻找工作和再就业。     

符合二胎政策妇女的生育意愿和生育行为差异——基于计划行为理论的实证研究

文章通过对"江苏省群众生育意愿和生育行为调查"的2007年基线和2010年跟踪数据中符合生育二胎政策妇女的分析,从社会心理学入手,以计划行为理论为支撑,重新架构生育意愿到生育行为的理论框架,从微观视角来研究当政策赋予人们生育二胎权利时,妇女生育意愿和生育行为之间的差异及其影响因素。研究结果表明,该地区符合生育二胎政策的妇女中,四成妇女的生育意愿高于生育行为,六成妇女的生育意愿等于生育行为,尚没有妇女的生育意愿低于生育行为。当的确面临是否生育二胎的选择时,妇女会进行理性考虑,生育态度、主观规范和行为控制都对生育意愿和生育行为的差异产生显著影响。同时,生育计划的制定是实现生育意愿的重要推动力。     

劳动力流动对经济贡献分析——基于期权视角

劳动力流动是资源合理配置的一种方式,促进流入地经济的发展。流动人口的劳动力价值具有期权特征,劳动力流人地相当于持有一份买人看涨期权。本文以广东为例．对劳动力流动的期权价值进行实证研究,研究发现,该地区流动人口劳动力期权价值逐年增长,说明流动人口为该地区所创造的价值不断提高,其对流动人口的依赖性也越来越强。用工荒问题与大学生就业难问题并存．使产业结构调整及农村土地产权改革势在必行。     

新型农村社会养老保险参与实证研究:一个信任分析视角

本文运用2010年对陕西、山东2省3个区县1595个农民的调查数据,首次实证检验新型农村社会养老保险参与的信任解释。因子分析发现,农民的信任可以分为村域信任和特殊信任两种类型。Logistic回归分析发现,村域信任对农民参保有正效应,村域信任水平越高,农民越可能缴费参保。而特殊信任对农民参保没有显著性影响。村域信任有助于农民通过网络传播和政府宣传来了解新农保信息,从而降低了信息搜寻成本;村域信任还增进了农民对新农保制度的期望值进而激励其参保。本文弥补了学界对农村社会养老保险参与非经济因素研究的不足,为新农保参与提供了一个理论解释。     

Support for Gay and Lesbian Civil Rights: Development and Examination of a New Scale

This research outlines the development of a psychometrically sound, uni-dimensional scale to assess support for gay and lesbian civil rights. Initial scale development involved examining item-pool responses from 224 undergraduate students. The resulting Support for Gay and Lesbian Civil Rights (SGLCR) scale consisted of 20 items. In a series of studies, the SGLCR demonstrated a stable factor structure, strong internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity. The relationships between SGLCR scores and participants' sex, religiosity, political ideology, gender role beliefs, and attitudes toward lesbians and gays were significant and in the predicted directions.     

劳动权益对农民工市民化意愿的影响——基于全国流动人口动态监测8城市融合数据的分析

本文基于国家卫生计生委流动人口动态监测8城市融合数据,利用二分类Logistic回归模型考察劳动权益对农民工市民化意愿的影响。结果表明,农民工劳动权益在一定程度上受到损害;接受技能培训、在流入地参加城镇职工医疗保险能显著提高农民工市民化意愿;超时劳动则显著降低农民工市民化意愿。政府应提升农民工维权意识,加大对用人单位监管力度;提升农民工受教育水平,提高农民工参加职业技能培训的积极性;建立和完善针对农民工的社会保险制度;加快户籍制度改革,降低农民工市民化门槛,以提高农民工市民化意愿,推进农民工市民化进程。     

生活满意度与养老院需求意愿的影响研究——江苏农村老年人的调查

在城镇化快速推进和家庭养老支持力弱化的背景下,农村老年人对养老院人住意愿也在发生变化。以人口老龄化严重、农村社会养老保险实现全覆盖的东部沿海经济发达省份江苏为例,运用Logistic旧归模型对农村老年人养老院的需求意愿进行实证分析。研究表明,农村老年人晚年生活满意度对养老院需求意愿存在负相关关系,即生活满意度低的老年人相比生活满意度高的老年人更倾向于选择入伟养老院。另外,农村老年人对养老院的需求意愿还受年龄、个人年收入、健康状况、存活儿子数和存活女儿数的影响。本研究的政策启示是,整合村组或社区中的多种力量,为农村老年人构建一个包含生活照料、精神慰藉等多方面的社会支持网络;科学预测农村人口老龄化水平和养老院的需求意愿,稳步推进农村地区养老机构事业发展;从农村地区实际出发,合理引导农村养老机构的资源配置和功能定位。     

Heterosexual Men's Anger in Response to Male Homosexuality: Effects of Erotic and Non-Erotic Depictions of Male-Male Intimacy and Sexual Prejudice

The present study compared effects of erotic and non-erotic depictions of male-male intimacy on the experience of anger in heterosexual men. Data came from three independent laboratory studies designed to elicit anger in response to erotic or non-erotic depictions of male-male and male-female intimacy. All participants completed a measure of sexual prejudice and anger was assessed before and after viewing the erotic or non-erotic video. Among high-prejudiced men, viewing erotic and non-erotic intimate behavior between two men elicited significant increases in anger relative to viewing comparable behavior between a male-female dyad. In contrast, among low-prejudiced men, viewing erotic, but not non-erotic, intimate behavior between two men elicited significant increases in anger relative to viewing comparable behavior between a male-female dyad. Implications for understanding heterosexual men's anger, and aggression, toward gay men were discussed.     

Factors associated with breastfeeding to 3 months postpartum among women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exploratory study

ProblemBreastfeeding has significant health benefits for maternal and infant health, yet women with pre-pregnancy diabetes (type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus) are often less likely to breastfeed compared with other childbearing women.BackgroundIntention to breastfeed and making the decision to breastfeed during pregnancy are significant predictors of breastfeeding in the general population, but intention to breastfeed has not been assessed during pregnancy among women with pre-pregnancy diabetes.AimTo investigate factors associated with breastfeeding to three months postpartum, including demographic, health and reproductive characteristics, perceived support and pre-birth intention to breastfeed, among women with pre-pregnancy diabetes.MethodsA prospective cohort of women with pre-pregnancy diabetes was recruited at three metropolitan hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. Women completed surveys during the third trimester of pregnancy (including intention to breastfeed) and at approximately 3 months postpartum (including current breastfeeding). Factors associated with any breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum were investigated using logistic regression.FindingsPregnancy surveys were completed by 79 women; three-month postpartum data were available for 47 women. Of these, more than two-thirds (n = 32, 68%) indicated that they were breastfeeding. Controlling for other relevant variables, only pre-birth intention to breastfeed was significantly associated with any breastfeeding at three months (Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% confidence intervals, p) = 20.49 (20.18–20.80, 0.017)).DiscussionPre-birth intention to breastfeed was the only significant predictor of continued breastfeeding to 3 months postpartum.ConclusionPregnancy provides an important opportunity for health professionals to educate and support women with pre-pregnancy diabetes about their breastfeeding intentions.     

法定婚龄、政策婚龄下的民众初婚行为--立足于"五普"长表数据的分析

文章依据第五次全国人口普查长表数据和地方文献资料考察20世纪30年代以来法定婚龄、政策婚龄对农民初婚行为的约束作用.文章的基本结论是20世纪70年代之前,法定婚龄并非刚性原则,具有相当大的弹性.迄至80年代初,尽管各个时期都有一定比例低于法定婚龄结婚者,但多数民众却遵循了这一原则.晚婚年龄政策虽未被多数民众所恪守,但却将低于法定婚龄结婚者的比重降到最低.80年代法定婚龄以下结婚率上升与集体经济组织制约降低有关.90年代农村晚婚率上升是社会经济初步转型力量推动的结果.     

A call for action that cannot go to voicemail: Research activism to urgently improve Indigenous perinatal health and wellbeing

In this call to action, a coalition of Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers from Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, United States and Canada argue for the urgent need for adequately funded Indigenous-led solutions to perinatal health inequities for Indigenous families in well-resourced settler-colonial countries. Authors describe examples of successful community-driven programs making a difference and call on all peoples to support and resource Indigenous-led perinatal health services by providing practical actions for individuals and different groups.