加拿大劳动力调查的主要内容和方法

加拿大统计局劳动力调查历史长达60多年,是一项月度住户抽样调查,提供了加拿大劳动力市场详尽的信息。本文主要介绍了加拿大劳动力调查的调查目的、调查方法、调查内容和调查估计等,为完善我国劳动力调查制度和方法提供参考。     

Imputation of repeatedly observed multinomial variables in longitudinal surveys

It is now a standard practice to replace missing data in longitudinal surveys with imputed values, but there is still much uncertainty about the best approach to adopt. Using data from a real survey, we compared different strategies combining multiple imputation and the chained equations method, the two main objectives being (1) to explore the impact of the explanatory variables in the chained regression equations and (2) to study the effect of imputation on causality between successive waves of the survey. Results were very stable from one simulation to another, and no systematic bias did appear. The critical points of the method lied in the proper choice of covariates and in the respect of the temporal relation between variables.     

Smoothing parameter selection methods for nonparametric regression with spatially correlated errors

When spatial data are correlated, currently available data‐driven smoothing parameter selection methods for nonparametric regression will often fail to provide useful results. The authors propose a method that adjusts the generalized cross‐validation criterion for the effect of spatial correlation in the case of bivariate local polynomial regression. Their approach uses a pilot fit to the data and the estimation of a parametric covariance model. The method is easy to implement and leads to improved smoothing parameter selection, even when the covariance model is misspecified. The methodology is illustrated using water chemistry data collected in a survey of lakes in the Northeastern United States.     

手机调查的技术初探

 随着手机的普及，手机调查将会继网络调查之后的又一种新的调查方法，并具有一定的现实意义。本文主要探讨了手机调查的概念和分类，着重介绍了手机调查的优势，并提出了手机调查的应用设想，同时也阐述了手机调查所存在的主要问题以及对策，最后提出了发展手机调查的若干建议。     

荷兰居民生活质量调查方法研究及对中国的启示

通过对荷兰居民生活质量调查方法的研究，旨在分析总结其值得借鉴之处，并在此基础上针对中国正在探索中的居民生活质量调查，提出构建中国居民生活质量调查体系应拓宽其调查信息来源、实现数据共享、积极提高回应率、培养高素质调查队伍以及定期发布调查报告。     

影响专项调查质量的症因及对策研究

本文客观分析了目前统计部门专项调查工作所面临的形势和挑战,从社会环境、统计系统环境、调查对象因素等多视角,分析了当前影响专项调查质量的症因,在实践和探索的基础上,结合专项调查工作实际,提出了组织实施全过程质量控制办法。     

《工业统计定期抽样调查试点方案》的设计

《工业统计定期抽样调查试点方案》的设计雷平静ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＢａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｗｏｒｋｉｎｇｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｇｕｌａｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓｐｉ－ｌｏｔｓａｍｐｌｅｓｕｒｖｅｙｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄ...     

抽样调查理论与方法的哲学诠释

文章从哲学视角诠释了抽样调查理论和方法的科学性和先进性,并指出抽样调查的理论和方法不但体现了辩证唯物主义的认识论,还体现了唯物辩证法的思想。对于人们正确地认识抽样调查,准确地应用抽样调查,积极地发展抽样调查都是大有裨益的。     

Finite mixture of regression models for a stratified sample

Despite the popularity and importance, there is limited work on modelling data which come from complex survey design using finite mixture models. In this work, we explored the use of finite mixture regression models when the samples were drawn using a complex survey design. In particular, we considered modelling data collected based on stratified sampling design. We developed a new design-based inference where we integrated sampling weights in the complete-data log-likelihood function. The expectation–maximisation algorithm was developed accordingly. A simulation study was conducted to compare the new methodology with the usual finite mixture of a regression model. The comparison was done using bias-variance components of mean square error. Additionally, a simulation study was conducted to assess the ability of the Bayesian information criterion to select the optimal number of components under the proposed modelling approach. The methodology was implemented on real data with good results.     

关于中小企业问卷调查的若干问题 ——与美国中小企业融资调查之比较与借鉴

 本文对国家自然科学基金重点项目“我国中小企业发展与支持系统研究”对我国中小企业所做的问卷调查进行了回顾性研究，在比较美国联邦储备局和中小企业管理局所做的中小企业融资调查的基础上，对本项目组的中小企业问卷调查的不足进行了剖析，并从美国的调查方法中得到了若干启示与借鉴。     

The use of landsat for county estimates of crop areas: evaluation of the huddleston-ray and the battese-fuller estimators for & the case of stratified sampling

The paper addresses the problem of using LANDSAT data to obtain estimates of crop areas at the county level. In the paper, LANDSAT data are used to supplement ground data collected in a nationwide agricultural survey. The paper extends the Battese-Fuller estimation model to a stratified sample design. The resulting estimator is evaluated on a six county area in South Dakota     

网上调查利弊的方法论权衡和评估

从方法论的角度对网上调查的利弊进行权衡，可得出结论：当前的网上调查弊大于利，改进网上调查是应用这一技术的前提。当前改进网上调查的措施可分为三类：软环境的建设、网上调查技术的改进和减小非抽样误差，其中第三类措施在方法论上最具挑战。减少抽样框误差、降低无回答误差是减小非抽样误差的有效途径，但在实施过程中依然存在着两难的境地，有必要对当前网上调查的目标、功能进行重新定位。     

Multilevel modelling of refusal and non-contact in household surveys: evidence from six UK Government surveys

Summary.  We analyse household unit non-response in six major UK Government surveys by using a multilevel multinomial modelling approach. The models are guided by current conceptual frameworks and theories of survey participation. One key feature of the analysis is the investigation of the extent to which effects of household characteristics are survey specific. The analysis is based on the 2001 UK Census Link Study, which is a unique source of data containing an unusually rich set of auxiliary variables. The study contains the response outcome of six surveys, linked to census data and interviewer observations for both respondents and non-respondents.     

Why is not design of experiments widely used by engineers in Europe?

An extensive literature review was carried out to detect why design of experiments (DoE) is not widely used among engineers in Europe. Once 16 main barriers were identified, a survey was carried out to obtain first-hand information about the significance of each. We obtained 101 responses from academics, consultants and practitioners interested in DoE. A statistical analysis of the survey is introduced, including: (a) a ranking of the barriers, (b) grouping of barriers using factorial analysis, (c) differences between characteristics of respondents. This exploratory analysis showed that the main barriers that hinder the widespread use of DoE are low managerial commitment and engineers’ general weakness in statistics. Once the barriers were classified, the most important resultant group was that related to business barriers.     

Comparing a survey and a conjoint study: the future vision of water intermediaries

This paper compares and contrasts two methods of obtaining opinions using questionnaires. As the name suggests, a conjoint study makes it possible to consider several attributes jointly. Conjoint analysis is a statistical method to analyse preferences. However, conjoint analysis requires a certain amount of effort by the respondent. The alternative is ordinary survey questions, answered one at a time. Survey questions are easier to grasp mentally, but they do not challenge the respondent to prioritize. This investigation has utilized both methods, survey and conjoint, making it possible to compare them on real data. Attribute importance, attribute correlations, case clustering and attribute grouping are evaluated by both methods. Correspondence between how the two methods measure the attribute in question is also given. Overall, both methods yield the same picture concerning the relative importance of the attributes. Taken one attribute at a time, the correspondence between the methods varies from good to no correspondence. Considering all attributes together by cluster analysis of the cases, the conjoint and survey data yield different cluster structures. The attributes are grouped by factor analysis, and there is reasonable correspondence. The data originate from the EU project 'New Intermediary services and the transformation of urban water supply and wastewater disposal systems in Europe'.     

对典型调查的再认识

文章针对典型调查的统计学属性提出质疑,通过典型调查与抽样调查、重点调查的比较,指出典型调查作为认识社会的一种工作方法有其重要作用,但作为一种统计调查的组织形式难以完成统计学所赋予统计调查的使命,而并非统计学的范畴。     

Regression Estimation of Crop Acreages With Transformed Landsat Data as Auxiliary Variables

Methods are developed for combining data collected by satellite with data collected in an area survey to estimate crop acreages. The basic procedure is that of survey regression estimation. Two methods of transforming the satellite information prior to regression estimation are compared.     

The new strategy for the concise presentation of sampling errors in the Italian Structural Business Statistics Survey

Reporting sampling errors of survey estimates is a problem that is commonly addressed when compiling a survey report. Because of the vast number of study variables or population characteristics and of interest domains in a survey, it is almost impossible to calculate and to publish the standard errors for each statistic. A way of overcoming such problem would be to estimate indirectly the sampling errors by using generalized variance functions, which define a statistical relationship between the sampling errors and the corresponding estimates. One of the problems with this approach is that the model specification has to be consistent with a roughly constant design effect. If the design effects vary greatly across estimates, as in the case of the Business Surveys, the prediction model is not correctly specified and the least-square estimation is biased. In this paper, we show an extension of the generalized variance functions, which address the above problems, which could be used in contexts similar to those encountered in Business Surveys. The proposed method has been applied to the Italian Structural Business Statistics Survey case.     

抽样中不等概率问题等概化研究

 在抽样中,我们经常会碰到观察个体大小不一的情况。例如,以乡为观察个体的农产量抽样估计、以学校为观察个体的学生身体素质抽样估计等。当我们所关心的标志即观察标志与个体大小基本呈等比例变化时,如果不分个体的大小而赋予它们同等被抽中的概率（即采用等该抽样法）,那么在仍然采用简单估计的前提下,抽中大的个体就会给出过高的总体估计值,抽中小的个体就会给出过低的总体估计值,从而使抽样估计受到大的抽样误差的支配。例如,在由一个以县为个体的样本数据来估计全国出生人数时,就会产生这种情况。为了减少抽样误差,人们就想到了不等概率抽样设计,即按个体大小赋予它们不同被抽中的概率并据以给出总体估计值。然而不等概抽样的一个很大的缺点是操作过程麻烦,尤其是当样本容量大于2时的不重复的不等概抽样十分困难。因此在实践中,人们希望能在保证必需的抽样精度的前提下,仍通过等抽样这种简便的方法来解决观察个体大小不一的这类抽样估计问题,即把不等概问题等概化处理。通过初步研究,本文提出以下三种处理方法：分层抽样估计法、转移观察标志法和回归估计法。     

加入WTO后我国统计调查面临的挑战和对策

加入WTO后我国统计调查面临新的机遇和挑战。近年,统计调查的无限制在一些地方成了一种公害,其中各地政府部门统计也出现了“多、乱、陋、杂”现象,规范统计调查势在必行。规范统计调查,就是要完善统计系统,提高透明度,加速与国际经济制度接轨,在宏观经济统计上实行国际通行的标准。