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1.
The focus of this paper is on a microeconomic analysis of the annual transition rate from temporary to permanent work of individual
workers in Canada for the period 1999–2004. Given that a large proportion of temporary employment is involuntary, an understanding
of the factors associated with the transition to permanent work may inform public policy. Factors associated with the transition,
namely, human capital, household structures and labour market segmentation are analyzed using data from the Statistics Canada’s
Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) for the period 1999–2004, limited to paid workers aged 20–64 years, excluding students. Among the key factors associated
with the transitions are younger age and low unemployment rates. The analysis adds to the Canadian and international literature
on transitions from temporary to permanent work.
相似文献
Fiona MacPhailEmail: |
2.
John Ermisch 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(4):827-853
The paper presents a model of a non-resident father’s child support and contact with his child, which combines the public
good treatment of “child quality” with “trade” in father–child contact time in a setting of non-cooperative interaction. It
predicts that father’s income and mother’s non-labour income should have exactly the same effect on the frequency of father–child
contact if he chooses to make lump sum payments to the mother. If he does not or there is a binding child support payment
order, they have effects opposite in direction. A higher binding support order reduces father–child contact but may well raise
“child quality”.
相似文献
John ErmischEmail: |
3.
Dropping out of post-compulsory education in the UK: an analysis of determinants and outcomes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We analyse the decision to drop out of post-compulsory education over the period 1985–1994 using data from the Youth Cohort
Surveys. We show that the dropout rate declined between 1985 and 1994, in spite of the rising participation rate in education,
but is still substantial. Dropping out is more or less constant over the period of study, though the risk of dropout does
vary with young people’s prior attainment, ethnicity, family background and the state of the labour market. The course of
study has a substantial effect on the risk of dropout.
相似文献
Pam LentonEmail: |
4.
Maria Gutiérrez-Domènech 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):83-110
This paper investigates how education and the labour market affect Spanish individual decisions on the timing of marriage
and births, using a Cox hazard approach. It disentangles men and women, and two groups, Cohort 1945–1960 and Cohort 1961–1977.
Results show that female employment delays marriage in Cohort 1945–1960, but it has a reverse effect in Cohort 1961–1977.
We also find evidence that employment is a barrier for family formation since employed women postpone births in both cohorts.
The precarious Spanish labour markets, captured by female unemployment rates, delay family formation, especially by putting
off marriage. Male unemployment, at the individual level, impacts negatively on fertility only through delaying marriage.
相似文献
Maria Gutiérrez-DomènechEmail: |
5.
In this paper, the data from the multi-purpose survey on household “Time Use” conducted by Istat (the Italian National Statistical
Institute) in 2002–2003 and the data from this same survey conducted in 1988–1989 will be analysed with the purpose of describing
the fathers’ daily participation in the domestic activities and of highlighting the changes that have taken place during the
14 years elapsed between the two survey editions. The analysis will be carried out using standard time-use data analysis’
tool, time budget tables and by applying a multi-variate regression model with the objective of separating the relative contribution
of the behavioural and structural factors to explain the variation observed.
相似文献
Dario BruzzeseEmail: |
6.
Birth order matters: the effect of family size and birth order on educational attainment 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
Using the British Household Panel Survey, we investigate if family size and birth order affect children’s subsequent educational
attainment. Theory suggests a trade-off between child quantity and “quality” and that siblings are unlikely to receive equal
shares of parental resources devoted to children’s education. We construct a new birth order index that effectively purges
family size from birth order and use this to test if siblings are assigned equal shares in the family’s educational resources.
We find that the shares are decreasing with birth order. Ceteris paribus, children from larger families have less education,
and the family size effect does not vanish when we control for birth order. These findings are robust to numerous specification
checks.
相似文献
Hiau Joo KeeEmail: |
7.
Child mortality, fertility, and human capital accumulation 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
Leonid V. Azarnert 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(2):285-297
This article analyzes the impact of decline in child mortality on fertility and economic growth. The study shows that the timing of mortality relative to education is crucial to implications of mortality decline. If child mortality is realized before education starts, an exogenous decline in child mortality leads to a decline in education—a finding that is opposite to those of studies that considered a decline in mortality after the cost of education has been incurred. The work also demonstrates the role of parental human capital in reducing child mortality and the causal link between rising education and declining child mortality.
相似文献
Leonid V. AzarnertEmail: |
8.
Temporary Employment and Social Inequality in Canada: Exploring Intersections of Gender, Race and Immigration Status 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the 2002–2004 waves of Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this article investigates the consequences of
different types of temporary employment—fixed-term or contract, casual, agency and seasonal employment—for differently situated
workers in Canada. Attention to intersecting social locations of gender, race and immigrant status helps capture the complex
implications of temporary work for inequality. In particular, it highlights the salience of gender relations in shaping workers’
experience of insecurity in different types of temporary employment.
相似文献
Leah F. VoskoEmail: |
9.
Given the intrinsically sequential nature of childbirth, timing of a child’s birth has consequences not only for itself but
also for its older and younger siblings. The paper argues that prior spacing and posterior spacing between consecutive siblings
are thus important measures of intensity of sibling competition for limited parental resources. While the available estimates
of child mortality tend to ignore the endogeneity of sibling composition, we use a correlated recursive model of prior and
posterior spacing and child mortality to correct it. There is evidence that uncorrected estimates under-estimate the effects
of prior and posterior spacing on child mortality.
相似文献
Sarmistha Pal (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
Analysis of casual work in British Columbia is an important issue given that the increase in casual work has been greater
in this province than in other provinces in Canada and given that the labour market has been substantially deregulated since
2001. In this paper, we analyse how individuals’ casual employment status affects their economic security based on a specially
designed survey undertaken by the authors. We follow the ILO’s classification of the dimensions of economic security but,
based on our findings, add a further dimension—Time security—As being of particular importance to casual workers. On the basis
of these results, we analyse the policy interventions that might be necessary to increase the economic security of casual
workers, policies which we suggest can best be conceptualized as providing a “security quilt”.
相似文献
Paul BowlesEmail: |
11.
This study applies rich data from the 2000 Swiss census to investigate the patterns of intergenerational education transmission
for natives and second-generation immigrants. The level of secondary schooling attained by youth aged 17 is related to their
parents’ educational outcomes based on data on the entire Swiss population. Extending economic theories of child educational
attainment, we derive hypotheses regarding the patterns of intergenerational education transmission. The data yield substantial
heterogeneity in intergenerational transmission across population groups. Only a small share of this heterogeneity is explained
by the predictions of economic theory.
相似文献
Regina T. Riphahn (Corresponding author)Email: |
12.
We estimate models of employment an earnings for a sample of white and non-white male immigrants drawn from the Labour Force
Survey between 1993 and 2004. Immigrants who arrived to enter the labour market (labour market entrants) are distinguished
from those who arrived to complete their education (education entrants). Diverse patterns of labour market assimilation are
found depending on ethnicity and immigrant type. Amongst labour market entrants, whites do better than non-whites, whilst
amongst education entrants, highly qualified prime-age non-whites perform as well as their white counterparts. Relative to
white natives, labour market outcomes for all immigrant groups have a tendency to decline with age.
相似文献
Joanne LindleyEmail: |
13.
K. S. Kavi Kumar Maithili Ramachandran Brinda Viswanathan 《Social indicators research》2009,90(3):365-380
Weight-for-squared height or body mass index (BMI) is often considered as an effective predictor of morbidity and mortality
rates. This study uses BMI data from a sample of ever-married women in the age group of 15–49 years in the North Indian state
of Uttar Pradesh for the year 1998–1999, to analyse the determinants of chronic energy deficiency (CED) and estimate the population
vulnerable to CED. The results highlight that CED rates and vulnerability rates can be very different, emphasizing need for
policy intervention to focus on ‘potential’ CED persons. The characteristics of vulnerable population identified would be
appropriate channels for policy intervention.
相似文献
K. S. Kavi KumarEmail: |
14.
Bruno Amable 《Social indicators research》2009,91(3):391-426
This paper tests the impact of various determinants of the preference for two key elements of the European social models:
redistribution and trade unions, using individual data from the first round of the European Social Survey. The basic hypothesis
is that the main determinant of an individual’s support for these elements of the European models is the social position of
the individual in terms of income, status and risks attached to their labour market insertion. The paper also considers the
relative importance of less ‘materialist’ influences such as religion or other cultural determinants. The estimations show
that ‘materialist’ determinants are by far the most important influences on individual preferences, contrary to what most
social theories of modernisation contend.
相似文献
Bruno AmableEmail: |
15.
Caroline Dewilde 《Social indicators research》2008,86(2):233-256
In this article we evaluate to what extent between-country differences in the probability of being ‘multidimensional’ poor
can be explained by a range of ‘domain-specific’ indicators of welfare regime arrangements. To this end, a so-called micro-macro
model is estimated, testing the ‘independent’ effect of institutions, as opposed to alternative explanations such as between-country
differences in population composition and economic affluence. Although we conclude that institutional arrangements do influence
the risk of multidimensional poverty in the expected direction, we also find that bringing the ‘economy’ back into the analyses
has a non-trivial impact. Our results point at several avenues for further discussion and research. First, although the more
elaborate welfare regimes generally do a better job in preventing poverty, the level of transfers is not always ‘proportional’
to the general standard of living in these countries. Second, we only find partial confirmation for the often cited ‘negative’
impact of labour market flexibility and the related equality-jobs trade-off. While stricter employment regulations do reduce the poverty risk (be it only after controlling for economic affluence),
flexibility in terms of the availability of fixed-term labour seems to be preferable to unemployment, even if at the individual
level, labour market flexibility increases the likelihood of being poor quite severely.
相似文献
Caroline DewildeEmail: |
16.
Yang-Ming Chang 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(4):1081-1098
This paper examines the rent-seeking behavior of “selfish” children in competing for parental transfers. The paper extends
Chang and Weisman (South Econ J 71:821–836, 2005), that focuses on compensated transfers, to allow for non-compensated transfers à la Buchanan (J Law Econ 26:71–85, 1983) and derives results for the case in which children’s time contributions as perceived by their parents are a merit good (e.g.,
service), pure waste (e.g., bugging), or a mix of both. For an increase in the proportion of time contributions that are pure
waste, parents find it optimal to reduce the size of an overall transfer, thereby lowering the levels of wasteful rent-seeking
activities by their children within the family.
相似文献
Yang-Ming ChangEmail: |
17.
This paper examines human capital gap between titular ethnicities and Russian-speaking minorities, which has emerged in Estonia,
Latvia, and Lithuania during the transition and remains significant after controlling for parental education. For recent cohorts,
unexplained gap is declining in Lithuania (despite absence of Russian language tertiary education) and in Estonia. Furthermore,
we investigate intergenerational mobility in the Baltic countries. Parental education has a strong positive effect on propensity
to obtain tertiary education, both in the Soviet era and post-Soviet period. Transition to the market has weakened mother’s
education effect for titular ethnicities, while the opposite is true for minorities.
相似文献
Olga RastriginaEmail: |
18.
The influence of wages on parents’ allocations of time to child care and market work in the United Kingdom 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Charlene M. Kalenkoski David C. Ribar Leslie S. Stratton 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(2):399-419
We use time-diary data on couples with children from the 2000 United Kingdom Time Use Survey to examine the impacts of own
and partner’s wages on parents’ provision of child care and market work on weekdays and on weekends and holidays. We find
that increases in partners’ wages increase women’s primary care on all days and decrease their market work on weekdays, while
increases in women’s own wages increase their market work on weekdays. There is little evidence that men’s time use responds
to changes in their own wages. However, an increase in men’s partners’ wages increases men’s passive child-care time on weekends
and reduces their market-work time on weekends.
相似文献
Leslie S. Stratton |
19.
Wen-Jen Tsay 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(4):749-767
The social status and well-being of political immigrants’ children are seldom touched upon in literature. This paper focuses on the impact of refugee experience on the relative educational attainment of second-generation immigrants in Taiwan. In contrast with the results in van Ours and Veenman (J Popul Econ 16(4):739–753, 2003) and Riphahn (J Popul Econ 16(4):711–737, 2003) who showed that second-generation immigrants lag behind their native counterparts, this paper’s principle finding is that the father’s immigration status can help his children achieve a higher educational qualification than native Taiwanese after controlling the relevant determinants of educational attainment, including parental background and the neighborhood where the interviewee grows up. In addition, women born in the earlier cohort benefit more by their fathers’ immigration status than their male counterparts do. However, Taiwanese schooling advances across generations are impressive, whereby the gap in schooling attainment between second-generation immigrants and native Taiwanese is found to decline over time.
相似文献
Wen-Jen TsayEmail: Fax: +886-2-27853946 |
20.
‘Wellbeing’ is a key concept in the study of children’s lives over time, given its potential to link the objective, subjective,
and inter-subjective dimensions of their experiences in ways that are holistic, contextualized and longitudinal. For this
reason wellbeing is one of the core concepts used by Young Lives, a 15-year project (2000–2015) that follows the lives of
12,000 children growing up in the context of poverty in Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and Andhra Pradesh (India) (see ). This paper examines a selection of methods being used by Young Lives to capture aspects of child wellbeing in the context
of a range of children’s life experiences related to poverty, specific risks and protective processes. It draws on a review
of the literature on child-focused methods and on recent experiences piloting three core qualitative methods in the four study
countries. The paper reports the development of a methodology that is child-centred, but also acknowledges that every child
is embedded within a network of social and economic relationships.
相似文献
Gina CrivelloEmail: |