企业技术效率的影响分析

 本文以上海市166家大中型企业五年的面板数据为研究对象,设定两种不同的生产函数和两种误差分布,利用随机前沿方法分别进行了技术效率的估计。我们发现不同测算方法的结果差异不大,且对企业的评价具有一致性。结果表明上海市工业企业的技术效率整体水平不高。通过研究影响企业技术效率的外生性因素,发现企业的所有制结构、规模、R&D经费支出与R&D人员投入、资本密集程度和企业的垄断程度等因素都对上海市工业企业的技术效率水平具有显著影响。基于研究结果,我们给出了提高企业技术效率的一些建议。     

中国农业效率研究

中国农业发展所取得的成就举世公认,但也存在着不少问题,效率不高即是其中的重要问题之一。提高效率,是90年代中国农业发展的一个非常重要的课题。     

机构投资者异质性的上市公司股利政策研究

 本文从现金股利政策的角度来研究机构投资者的投资行为和参与上市公司治理的情况。首先回顾了该方面的相关文献,以信号理论为基础,分析机构投资者与现金股利政策可能存在的关系;接着对机构投资者的基本特征以及我国机构投资者和上市公司现金股利政策的概况及特点进行了总结;最后本文以 2007至2010 年的机构投资者持股数据与上市公司现金股利政策数据进行统计分析、回归分析,实证检验了机构投资者异质性与上市公司股利政策之间的关系。     

科技统计中研究与开发机构R&D数据折算方法的研究

一、引言科学技术 ,特别是研究与发展 (Ｒ＆Ｄ)是经济发展和社会进步的内在推动力。为了科学地制定和评估国家政策 ,特别是科技政策 ,需要调查和系统地收集有关科学技术活动的信息和数据。ＯＥＣＤ (经济合作与发展组织 )为推荐调查Ｒ＆Ｄ活动的标准与规范 ,发布了《研究与发展调查手册》。我国从 1 985年科技普查起就以国际标准和规范为依据 ,并结合我国的国情 ,经过十多年的不懈努力 ,形成了我国科技统计的规范和体系。按照ＯＥＣＤ机构分类的标准 ,我国的Ｒ＆Ｄ资源主要分布在政府部门属研究与开发机构、企业、高等教育部门的大专院校。…     

国有银行效率决定因素实证分析

 在中国银行业改革过程中,市场化的发展会使银行的技术效率、资源配置效率有所提高,而同时也会对其产生竞争压力,促使银行提高效率。Andrew c.Worthington（1998）运用随机成本前研法研究了澳大利亚非银行金融机构效率的决定因素,结果表明,银行效率的增长来源于资产质量、人力素质和教育程度的改善。本文试图对效率来源做一解释,以全面地理解改革促进哪些要素推动了银行效率的提高,进而为国有银行的进一步改革提供决策依据。     

官方统计机构的统计分析工作

在一些国家 ,官方统计机构的职能只限于统计数据信息的收集、整理和出版 ;而在另外一些国家 ,统计分析工作也同时明确在它们的职能范围内。法国就属于后一类国家。法国国家统计局 ,即法国统计及经济研究所 ,简称ＩＮＳＥＥ———从名称上就能看出其统计分析职能的存在。法国于 194 6年 6月 14日颁布的有关《建立国家统计局》的法律条文 ,明确地将统计分析工作规定在ＩＮＳＥＥ的职能范围内。本文的撰写目的是 ,就统计分析工作在官方统计机构中所占的地位以及所扮演的角色展开讨论 ,即 :这些机构是否应将相当一部分的人力、物力投入到统计分…     

建立有中国特色的民意测验机构

一、建立民意测验机构的意义民意测验,也称民意调查,它是按随机原则,通过科学的抽样方法选取被调查者,利用各种调查方式(如电话询问、寄发调查表等),获取被调查者对调查问题的意向和态度的一种社会统计调查活动。通过民意测验,可以了解被调查总体对有关调查问题的总的态度、看法和评价,从而用以检查决策实施的效果。民意测验广泛地利用社会各阶层不同的智力结构、知识结构、文化结构、组成一个丰富庞大的调查总体。这样,大大拓展了决策机构的信息渠道,弥补了智囊团、专家咨询机构的     

研究与开发机构统计数据质量与异常点的对数正态分布检验与识别

一、引言　　统计数据来源于基层调查单位,对基层调查单位上报的原始数据进行检查和审核是提高统计数据质量的重要措施之一。这种检查和审核应包括以下两方面:(1)对基层调查单位上报的原始数据进行质量评估。通过评估对数据的质量有一个总体的认识和把握,特别是对数据的可靠性和准确性应有一个定量的说法。(2)对原始数据中的异常点进行识别和纠正。所谓异常点或称奇异点(ｏｕｔｌｉｅｒ),是对应于误差较大的观察数据,在这里主要是指社会经济和科技统计中的失实数据。由于种种技术上或非技术上原因形成的基层调查单位上报数据中的异常点,必然…     

中国研究机构的科技资源利用效率评价研究

 本文基于1998-2005年中国1813家研究所构成的均衡面板数据,首次对中国研究机构的科技资源利用效率进行了评价研究。在采用FE和IVE方法控制双向固定效应和潜在的选择性偏误的基础上,估计了研究所投入要素对总收入和科技收入的贡献份额,由大到小依次为：非研究生科技人员、科研业务费、研究生科技人员、科研设备费,研究所的科技投入总体上不存在规模效应。采用GPS方法控制了投入要素的条件概率密度分布,估计了研究所投入要素对边际产出的动态影响,研究发现,随着投入要素规模的不断增大,非研究生科技人员的边际产出呈先升后降的趋势,其它三种投入要素则呈现总体上升趋势。本文的研究结论对研究所提高投入要素的利用效率具有重要的启示和指导意义。     

1999～2004年中国保险业宏观效率实证研究：基于DEA方法

 摘　　要:本文利用DEA方法对中国保险业的宏观效率进行了实证研究。研究结果表明，中国保险业的规模效率基本保持较佳水平，而技术效率水平较低且呈现下降趋势。作者对造成这一现象的原因进行了初步分析。     

正反馈交易模型及机构投资者交易行为的作用

一、引言证券市场存在内幕交易的情况下,由于机构投资者要获得企业内幕信息需要大量成本,而内幕人通常不需花费什么成本即可获得内幕信息,相比而言,机构投资者在与内幕人的竞争中处于劣势,内幕交易并不利于机构投资者,甚至可能被逐出内幕交易活跃的领域。由于机构投资者在股价形成中起着重要的引领作用,引导投资者进行价值投资。他们一旦被逐出证券市场,价值投资理念很难形成,市场上的投机气氛就会很浓,导致股价严重偏离其真实价值。但是,在内幕交易被禁止的条件下,情况变得对机构投资者有利,因而受益人也主要是机构投资者而非中小投资者。…     

中国上市公司机构持股时对大股东控制与盈余管理关系的影响研究

以中国上市公司中大股东与盈余管理的关系为研究对象,从机构持股时对大股东控制与盈余管理两者关系的影响这一视角出发,说明机构投资者在公司治理中的作用。以沪、深市A股上市公司2007年的满足研究要求的公司治理和财务数据为例,通过建立研究假设和研究模型进行实证验证。研究发现以6%为机构持股高低的分界点,机构持股比例高时,可以抑制大股东控制对会计盈余的操纵,起到积极股东的作用;当机构持股比例低时,则可以加剧大股东控制对会计盈余的操纵,起到消极股东的作用。     

Promoting the Visibility of Educational Research through an Institutional Repository

Established in 1994 through the amalgamation of several teacher training colleges, The Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) is the major multidisciplinary teacher education provider in the Hong Kong SAR. Despite this, the Institute does not have a particularly high research profile when compared with its peer institutions in Hong Kong and around the world. Its research publishing achieves modest exposure and impact in international educational research literature. The Institute has a goal to attain the title of a “university of education” and has identified an improvement in its research output and profile as critical to achieving this. In this context the HKIEd Library embarked on the redevelopment of its institutional repository, changing its direction from being an archive of institutional publications to one which brought together and offered access to the sum total of published output of the Institute since its foundation, in a deliberate effort to promote Institute research. This paper explores the particular approach taken by the Library to the development of the institutional repository, how the repository contributes directly to and aligns with the research strategies of the Institute, and the impact the Repository has had so far on improving the profile of research at HKIEd.     

Promoting the Visibility of Educational Research through an Institutional Repository

Abstract

Established in 1994 through the amalgamation of several teacher training colleges, The Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) is the major multidisciplinary teacher education provider in the Hong Kong SAR. Despite this, the Institute does not have a particularly high research profile when compared with its peer institutions in Hong Kong and around the world. Its research publishing achieves modest exposure and impact in international educational research literature. The Institute has a goal to attain the title of a “university of education” and has identified an improvement in its research output and profile as critical to achieving this. In this context the HKIEd Library embarked on the redevelopment of its institutional repository, changing its direction from being an archive of institutional publications to one which brought together and offered access to the sum total of published output of the Institute since its foundation, in a deliberate effort to promote Institute research. This paper explores the particular approach taken by the Library to the development of the institutional repository, how the repository contributes directly to and aligns with the research strategies of the Institute, and the impact the Repository has had so far on improving the profile of research at HKIEd.     

Exploring Research Data Hosting at the HKUST Institutional Repository

The profusion of data created by modern research has brought about increasing discussion on the practice of data management and the development of such infrastructure. Many universities and libraries are exploring how to address this issue using institutional repositories, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Library being one of them. As part of the exploration, the author conducted a case study of datasets at major institutional repositories. This paper visits the issues relating to data archiving, reports common practices of data treatment at institutional repositories, and presents a list of recommendations for experimenting data archiving at the HKUST Institutional Repository.     

Exploring Research Data Hosting at the HKUST Institutional Repository

Abstract

The profusion of data created by modern research has brought about increasing discussion on the practice of data management and the development of such infrastructure. Many universities and libraries are exploring how to address this issue using institutional repositories, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Library being one of them. As part of the exploration, the author conducted a case study of datasets at major institutional repositories. This paper visits the issues relating to data archiving, reports common practices of data treatment at institutional repositories, and presents a list of recommendations for experimenting data archiving at the HKUST Institutional Repository.     

中国航空公司配置效率及其影响因素研究

使用随机前沿分析(SFA)测度了2001-2012年6家上市航空公司的配置效率,并对影响航空公司配置效率的因素进行分析。研究结果表明:中国航空公司配置效率处于中等水平,中小型航空公司优于大型航空公司;航空公司的公司治理、日常运营水平以及基地建设均影响配置效率,其中总资产、飞行班次和其正相关,国有控股比例、飞行小时以及基地数量则呈负相关。外部因素中,积极的国家行业政策和人民币汇率升值会对航空公司配置效率有正影响。因此,航空公司应加强业内合作,代码共享,基地保障共享,减少重复航线,降低飞行总时间,控制基地数量,进而提升其配置效率水平和优化成本结构,最终获得较高的利润。     

Improving The Efficiency of The Case-Crossover Design

The case-crossover design has been used by many researchers to study the transient effect of an exposure on the risk of a rare outcome. In a case-crossover design, only cases are sampled and each case will act as his/her own control. The time of failure acts as the case and non failure times act as the controls. Case-crossover designs have frequently been used to study the effect of environmental exposures on rare diseases or mortality. Time trends and seasonal confounding may be present in environmental studies and thus need to be controlled for by the sampling design. Several sampling methods are available for this purpose. In time-stratified sampling, disjoint strata of equal size are formed and the control times within the case stratum are used for comparison. The random semi-symmetric sampling design randomly selects a control time for comparison from two possible control times. The fixed semi-symmetric sampling design is a modified version of the random semi-symmetric sampling design that removes the random selection. Simulations show that the fixed semi-symmetric sampling design improves the variance of the random semi-symmetric sampling estimator by at least 35% for the exposures we studied. We derive expressions for the asymptotic variance of risk estimators for these designs, and show, that while the designs are not theoretically equivalent, in many realistic situations, the random semi-symmetric sampling design has similar efficiency to a time-stratified sampling design of size two and the fixed semi-symmetric sampling design has similar efficiency to a time-stratified sampling design of size three.     

我国商业银行效率评价及实证分析

内容提要：本文运用数据包络法对我国十二家主要商业银行04—06年的效率状况进行了定量考察,并在此基础上探讨了我国国有商业银行效率低下的原因,提出了提高我国银行业效率的途径。