信任缺失:新生代农民工身份建构与政治认同

新生代农民工城市融入的本质是新生代农民工与城市市民、城市社会组织及政治的互动与认同,这种互动与认同以信任为基础。其中人际信任、组织信任与政治信任分别构成新生代农民工身份建构的基础、融入城市的社会资本与政治认同的基础。由于当前社会人际信任缺失、组织信任匮乏与政治信任偏低,导致新生代农民工陷入身份建构与政治认同困境。因此只有通过修复新生代农民工的人际信任、增进其组织信任、重构政治信任方能构建起积极的身份认同。     

农民工代际转换过程中的代际差异特征分析

经过改革开放三十多年的发展,"新生代农民工"已逐步成为我国产业工人的主体。农民工群体内部的代际差异日益凸显,新老农民工在成长经历、文化素养、利益诉求、职业取向以及对城市的认同等方面异质性差异要求我们对农民工相关制度和政策必须重新审视,合理安排。     

试论新生代农民工道德同一性问题

新生代农民工和道德同一性在当下已引起各学科各专家的关注，新生代农民工的社会身份认同和道德自我认同的问题也成为社会学、伦理学的热点问题。新生代农民工的生存困境更体现在精神层面上，企业思想政治教育对于推动和加强新生代农民工的道德教育及道德同一性培育能够发挥积极的作用。目前仍需努力拓展各种途径加强新生代农民工的思想道德及价值观引导并促其向市民转变。     

新生代农民工社会认同问题研究

问题范式是支撑既有新生代农民工研究的主导范式．新生代农民工群体常常被当作一个“问题群体”在研究。本文基于对一个新生代农民工融入城市社会之历程的阅读、理解和阐释,从社会认同角度探究了新生代农民工研究方式问题：新生代农民工群体并非一个问题群体所能简单概括．需要细致、冷静地观察与追踪研究;新生代农民工研究应摆脱结构化的问题范式,走向一种过程性的理解范式。本研究认为,群体资格是新生代农民工社会认同研究新的可能的研究路径。     

新生代农民工群体特征研究

自2010年中央一号文件首次提出“新生代农民工”说法,新生代农民工开始成为社会各界关注的对象,通过梳理相关文献大致可勾画出新生代农民工所谓“四高”、“一低”、“一薄弱”的社会印象和群体特征。相对其他群体来说,新生代农民工受教育水平并不高,对于农民身份认同相对减弱,城市社区认同较高。对于新生代农民工群体特征的研究应该区分农民工的人口学特征与社会特征,并充分认识到新生代农民工群体的异质性,对其定义和特征把握要注意从与周围群体和代际关系中共同考虑。     

基于供需分析的新生代农民工职业化研究

借鉴经济学中供给和需求的分析视角,对新生代农民工职业化的研究表明:政府对职业化的贡献度最大,是推动新生代农民工职业化的主导力量,要重点推动户籍制度改革,完善各项制度保障,构建现代化职业教育体系。企业是推动新生代农民工职业化的实践场所,除了考虑为支付新生代农民工职业化成本而承担新生代农民工违约的风险,还要承担起相应的社会责任。新生代农民工要通过快速职业化提高职业技能水平,保持职业的相对稳定,积极参加职业教育,适应城镇化和工业化快速发展的迫切需要。     

社会排斥对新生代农民工自我认同影响的探讨

新生代农民工作为目前我国农民工的主体,受到了来自不同层面的社会排斥,这些排斥直接影响着新生代农民工的自我认同。在前人已有研究成果的基础上,本文运用深度访谈和观察的研究方法,描述了我国新生代农民工受到的社会排斥现状,深入剖析了社会排斥对新生代农民工自我认同的影响。     

新旧两代农民工对子女教育问题的对比调研

近几年,随着经济不断发展,越来越多的农民工进城打工,农民工子女的教育问题也成为社会热点。由于新生代农民工与传统农民工年龄和教育程度上的差异,导致其教育认知度发生改变,从而影响他们对子女的教育行为。本文就此方面通过问卷调查、走访相关人士等途径,了解兰溪新生代农民工与传统农民工对子女教育问题认知上的差异。     

新生代农民工职业化的困境与出路

近年来,农民工中的新生代农民工已经成为新产业工人的主体,但他们面临着自身素质低、二元分割劳动力市场制度、城市歧视性用工政策等方面的困境,这成为制约新生代农民工职业化和市民化的瓶颈。要突破这一困境,一方面要增强新生代农民工的职业意识,建立人力资本投入机制;另一方面要大力发展职业教育,构建职业化的就业体系,在此基础上实现新生代农民工的职业化,促进城乡一体化发展。     

新生代农民工教育培训困境分析

在当前，要想使我国新生代农民工在融入城市过程中真正实现市民化，扎根落户于城市社会中，除了改革现有不利于新生代农民工城市融入的各种制度之外，还要加强对新生代农民工的培训教育，通过政府、企业、新生代农民工自身等多方力量合作，才能让新生代农民工在城市更好地生存和发展，健康地完成从“农”到“非农”的转变。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

建设项目不同实施阶段的交通影响分析

介绍国内进行交通影响分析所采用的方法和研究范围,评述在建设项目规划阶段和设计阶段的交通影响分析至少应涉及的内容和深度。