理性视角下管理创新研究述评

管理创新一直是学术界和实务界积极探讨的焦点问题,基于此,从理性视角采用归纳法和比较法对管理创新研究做了较为系统的梳理。针对管理创新内涵表达的不一致性,在解析4个关键问题的基础上进行了重新界定;针对管理创新影响因素研究呈现多而散的特点,在归纳4个分析层面的基础上构建了一个整合分析框架;针对管理创新研究方法的多元化,在比较各种方法的基础上提议应加大多案例研究法的使用;最后,就未来研究所关注的4个基本问题做了进一步讨论。     

品牌重叠测度理论模型及实证研究

本文在系统梳理现有品牌重叠相关理论的基础上,重新给出了品牌重叠的定义、界定了四种品牌重叠类型。在此基础上以品牌无形特征中的品牌个性构造品牌重叠维度,基于感知品牌定位视角,以中国手机市场为例,对无形感知品牌重叠进行了实证分析。定量分析中本文创新性地引入由最小误判率构造的两两品牌之间的相似矩阵,以此为基础进行MDS分析并用直观的二维图给出了7个手机品牌在品牌个性维度上的相似程度。进一步经过模糊C聚类得到4个手机品牌类别:高功能类、高情感类、中情感低功能类和低情感低功能类。本文最后给出相应的研究结论和未来研究方向。     

中国管理学派本土研究的路径探索

随着中国经济的迅速发展,本土管理研究的重要性日趋突显.然而,目前中国管理学界仍然缺乏相应的本土管理研究,如何探索和创建基于中国管理实践的管理理论是海内外华人学者共同面临的重要研究课题.在分析当前中国管理理论研究现状的基础上,认为本土管理研究可以围绕3个路径进行探索,以期对实现“中国现代管理学”的目标有所裨益.     

Phenomenology‐Based Ethnography for Management Studies and Organizational Analysis

This paper introduces phenomenology‐based ethnography as a novel ethnographic approach for research in management studies and organizational analysis and describes three methods that have been developed from this approach: life‐world analytical ethnography, focused ethnography and go‐along ethnography. Phenomenology‐based ethnography has emerged from developments in sociology that draw on ‘social phenomenology’ developed by Alfred Schütz. These developments involve the use of phenomenology‐based ethnographic methods that shift the focus of research onto participants’ subjective experiences of the field further than has been required by other ethnographic approaches. This paper uses a set of dimensions that allow a comparison of these phenomenology‐based methods’ aims, techniques of data collection and analysis, and required effort. These three methods are then compared with current ethnographic methods used in organizational research and management studies. The paper concludes with a discussion that explores and addresses the critique of how phenomenology‐based ethnography conceives the relationship between the researcher and the research subject.     

Interface management research in supplier–customer relationships: findings from a citation analysis of international literature

Currently, the terms interface and interface management in the context of interorganisational relationships between suppliers and customers are under intensive discussion. Central issues are the emphasis placed upon the coordination of activities at business interfaces, and the conviction that the concept can make business operations more efficient and thus more effective. That interface management in supplier–customer relationships is discussed in various academic disciplines and characterized by various thematic approaches makes this field complex. Thus the first goal of this article is to investigate the state of interface research, identifying select topics that promise further significant research in the field of interface management in supplier–customer relationships. In addition, based upon a comprehensive citation analysis of 176 journal articles or 4,654 references, the publication development, the important players and the most important academic journals in interface management research in supplier–customer relationships will be briefly presented. Finally, five clusters in interface management research that provide a framework for additional research activities are, based on a co-citation analysis, defined and briefly analysed.     

Transformational leadership,job satisfaction,and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust

In spite of calls for deliberate differentiation between individual and team levels of analysis, leadership research based on well-grounded theory referring to multiple levels is scarce. We seek to fill this gap by analyzing the relations between transformational leadership, trust in supervisor and team, job satisfaction, and team performance via multilevel analysis. Results are based on a sample of 360 employees from 39 academic teams. Transformational leadership was positively related to followers' job satisfaction at individual as well as team levels of analysis and to objective team performance. The relation between individual perceptions of supervisors' transformational leadership and job satisfaction was mediated by trust in the supervisor as well as trust in the team. Yet, trust in the team did not mediate the relationship between team perceptions of supervisors' transformational leadership and team performance. Implications for theory and research of leadership at multiple levels as well as for practice are discussed.     

Lean healthcare: review,classification and analysis of literature

This study presents a literature review of 107 papers on lean healthcare to evaluate its evolution by updating previous literature reviews and to propose a classification and analysis of the papers reviewed. The literature classification was performed based on six parameters: research method, country, healthcare area, implementation, lean tools and methods and results. From the analysis performed, this paper presents a quantitative analysis of the state of the art concerning lean healthcare and indicates current research trends, based on the stage of evolution of the area, that may guide further studies on the subject. An example is lean healthcare expansion to other countries, such as Brazil and the Netherlands. Another aspect is the application of lean healthcare in hospital as a whole, not limited to a specific setting. Finally, a few studies detail the lean implementation process and use infrequently applied tools, present the barriers and main critical factors found in the lean implementation.     

考虑参照依赖的企业合作创新演化博弈分析

合作创新具有实现资源互补,降低创新风险,提高创新成功可能性的优势,但是在实践中企业间的合作关系却难以保持稳定性。本文基于有限理性假设,改变传统的期望效用理论,引入前景理论中的参照点概念,分析创新主体的效用,构建合作创新博弈收益感知矩阵,并基于该矩阵对合作创新博弈双方的行为进行演化博弈分析,为保持合作创新的持续性提出建议。研究表明,企业对创新收益的感知价值、合作创新成本、收益分配和成本分担等因素是合作稳定性的重要影响因素,增强企业对长期的战略性合作创新收益的感知,引导企业建立正确的创新风险认知,控制合作创新的交易成本等措施将有利于增强合作创新的稳定性。     

An Empirically Derived Model for the Adoption of Customer-based Interorganizational Systems*

Information systems (IS) researchers are now calling for the need to draw from the empirically rich field of organizational innovation. As the impact of strategic systems is increasingly being felt by organizations, the view that these systems are innovations or innovative uses of technology is becoming prevalent. Customer based interorganizational systems (CIOS) represent one of the most prominent types of such systems. This research investigates CIOS adoption. A model is constructed based on significant studies in innovation to identify factors facilitating the adoption decision of a CIOS. Data are gathered from 226 senior executives. Discriminant analysis is used to identify factors that distinguish adopters from nonadopters. Factor analysis of significant variables yielded a parsimonious model of CIOS adoption. The five factor model includes (1) a proactive technological orientation and (2) an internal push for the system as the two most significant sets of facilitators. Implications for research and practice are then discussed.     

基于流数据挖掘的网络流量异常检测及分析研究

网络流量异常检测及分析是网络及安全管理领域的重要研究内容.本文探讨了网络流量异常的种类、网络流量异常检测的方法,分析了基于传统检测方法在网络流量异常检测应用中存在的问题.并重点对基于流数据模型的网络流量异常检测进行了研究,综述了已有流数据挖掘研究方法在网络流量异常检测中的研究进展.最后,本文对现有研究工作存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行了探讨.     

一个整合的企业竞争分析理论及应用

本文介绍了陈明哲的竞争对手分析及企业间竞争的理论框架,深入分析了该理论框架中所包含的、关于竞争对手分析及企业间竞争这两个企业战略研究的核心问题、基于产业与基于资源的两个企业战略理论以及市场共通性与资源类似性这两个综合指标的整合作用,并进一步讨论了其对两个指标的可操作的整合方法。最后应用该理论对广东省建筑企业竞争做了案例研究。     

基于方法集的综合评价方法集化研究

本文首先基于可能的综合评价方法给出关于可比方法集和相容方法集的定义,并运用模糊聚类分析方法确定相容方法集;然后以相容方法集为基础确定可能的组合评价集,建立评价方法集化模型,寻找一个最满意的组合评价,并对该评价结论进行相容性检验;最后用一个实例说明本研究实际应用上的有效性。     

基于多目标规划的中国可持续发展模式优化研究

本文以人口(Population)、资源(Resource)、经济(Economy)、环境(Environment)和科技(Science & Technolo gy)为核心,构造了PREEST系统模型。以PREEST系统为对象,运用主成分分析法对1987-2001年度中国的可持续发展水平进行了综合评价;借助多目标规划理论,构建了中国可持续发展多目标集成模型,并以"十五"计划纲要为基准,开展了中国可持续发展规划研究的实证分析。在此基础上,通过对"十五"期间中国可持续发展传统模式和规划模式的对比分析,就中国人口、资源、经济、环境和科技等领域的协调发展提出了政策建议。     

基于制度逻辑的不同上下级关系对员工创新行为的差异化影响机制研究

作为组织中影响员工创新的重要人际关系，层级性上下级关系目前存在着基于西方文化的LMX （领导-成员交换）与基于中国文化的SSG （上司-下属关系）两种界定。为探求不同上下级关系对员工创新行为的影响机制是否有所不同，本研究从制度逻辑视角出发，基于社会交换理论和制度逻辑二维分析框架，构建了上下级关系透过心理授权作用于员工创新行为的路径，剖析了SSG和LMX对创新行为的差异化影响机制。来自72个团队的252名成员为样本的实证分析表明，SSG和LMX均能正向影响员工创新行为，心理授权在这种影响中均发挥着中介作用；尤为重要的是，相较于基于工作逻辑的LMX，基于家族逻辑的SSG对中国情境下的员工创新行为有更强的解释力度，这种差异是通过两者的不同交换逻辑对心理授权的不同影响而产生的。本研究为解构中国情境下的创新行为和上下级互动及其关系提供了全新的理论视角，丰富了本土化的创新管理研究。     

基于扩展广义随机时间Petri网的流程银行建模及等价性能分析

对业务流程进行建模和性能分析是流程银行研究的重要课题.通过对广义随机时间Petri网进行扩展,将其用于对流程银行的业务流程建模.同时,基于活动执行时间为正态分布的假设,给出了4种流程元模式的等价性能分析方法.在此基础上,进一步把活动执行时间扩展到任意分布的情况,给出了通用的等价性能分析方法.     

Managing Delphi Surveys Using Nonparametric Statistical Techniques*

Information systems researchers have often turned to a variant of the Delphi survey technique to support their research of key issues in their field. Two particular weaknesses of past studies using this approach have been a lack of a definitive method for conducting the research and a lack of statistical support for the conclusions drawn by the researchers. In this paper, the author presents a method, based on nonparametric statistical techniques, to conduct ranking-type Delphi surveys, perform analysis, and report results. The author takes this one step further by illustrating an actual analysis of a Delphi survey. The analysis is compared to results that were presented without the benefit of the author's approach. This paper shows that use of the advocated approach can streamline and strengthen studies, improve the validity of results, and thus better serve the consumers of the research findings. Since the ranking-type Delphi is so popular among information systems researchers, a consistent method is needed to apply to their data collection, analysis, and reporting of results. This paper provides such a method in concise form and illustrates the use of the method in a manner affording comparison between it and previous practice.     

基于元分析的国际知识管理研究特征分析

利用元分析方法,对1990～2007年间发表在20种国际管理学科核心期刊上的知识管理论文进行分析,从研究主题、参考学科、研究方法和分析层次4个维度分别揭示了国际知识管理的研究特征,明确了知识管理的研究现状和存在的问题,为完善知识管理学科结构提供实证研究数据,为知识管理的研究和发展提供参考依据.     

手段导向、知识获取与新企业创业能力的实证研究

创业能力对于新企业创造和维持竞争优势具有重要意义,相关研究受到创业领域学者们的广泛关注。然而创业能力的实证研究主要集中于创业者个体层面创业能力的前因和结果分析,组织层面的创业能力的实证研究尚处于探索阶段,仍有待运用有效的理论揭示新企业如何构建组织层面创业能力的内在机理和路径。作为新兴的创业理论,手段导向理论有助于面临高不确定性的新企业在创业过程中持续进行迭代式学习,而组织学习理论认为,知识获取作为组织学习的核心环节有助于组织创业能力的构建。因此,手段导向可能通过知识获取提升新企业创业能力。然而,少有学者关注此方面研究。 运用手段导向理论和组织学习理论,深入剖析手段导向各维度对创业能力的积极影响,检验知识获取在手段导向与创业能力关系间的中介作用。采取大样本问卷调查,收集215家中国新企业数据,并运用多元线性回归分析和因子分析等方法进行实证检验。 研究结果表明,手段导向的4个维度均对创业能力具有积极影响,试验、可承受损失和先前承诺3个维度通过知识获取提升新企业创业能力,但是知识获取在柔性与新企业创业能力关系间的中介作用不显著。 研究结论对于丰富和拓展组织层面创业能力相关研究和推动手段导向理论的发展具有重要意义,为新企业如何在高不确定性和强资源约束下构建组织创业能力提供必要的理论指导。     

Corporate Portfolio Analysis Tools Revisited: Assessing Causes that May Explain Their Scholarly Disdain

While prominent corporate portfolio analysis tools such as the BCG Growth–Share Matrix took centre stage in the field of strategic management from the 1960s to the mid‐1980s, this review of the literature shows that they have since then largely disappeared from the academic agenda, despite their practical relevance and widespread application. There may be two independent reasons for this apparent scholarly disdain: corporate portfolio analysis tools (a) may have been recognized as unsuitable owing to inherent flaws or superior alternative concepts or (b) may have become obsolete because of proof that corporate diversification is inferior to market diversification. Thus, this assessment is based on an extensive review of the most relevant academic literature on corporate portfolio analysis tools and on the constitutive diversification–performance link published in leading management journals over the past five decades. The review reveals that research to date has not produced advanced tools based on an objective criticism of the original matrices, nor has corporate diversification – as a precondition for corporate portfolio analysis – proved to be inferior to market‐based co‐ordination mechanisms. Thus, this literature review constitutes a call for further academic research in the field of corporate portfolio analysis tools as well as corporate diversification.