The relation between coopetition and innovation/entrepreneurship

This special issue is an outcome of the 2017 Global Innovation and Knowledge Academy (GIKA) Conference, which took place at ISEG School of Economics and Management, Lisbon, Portugal, between June 28th and 30th, 2017. As the seventh of its kind, the 2017 GIKA Conference continued to attract the attention of scholars from around the world, receiving more than 600 submissions, only 300 of which were accepted for presentation at the conference. The topic of this special issue—the relation between coopetition and innovation/entrepreneurship—had an own track at the GIKA Conference, which served as a first round review for some of the submissions to the journal. The special issue was also open for external submissions.     

The Future of HRD Research: A SWOT analysis by five leading scholars in the field

This article presents a review of the 11th International Conference on Human Resource Development Research and Practice across Europe through the lens of global mobility. The conference was held in Pécs, Hungary in June, 2010 and the four authors who participated in the conference present their own narratives as agents of global mobility, examine the theme of global mobility in the various aspects of the conference, and conclude with reflections on the factors that supported the learning environment at the conference.     

Academy of Human Resource Development

Abstract

This non-refereed contribution to Human Resource Development International represents the reflections of three US delegates who attended the 6th International Conference on HRD Research and Practice across Europe in Leeds, England, in May 2005. We begin by providing an overview of the conference programme, examine the conference theme as reflected in the scholarship presented at the conference and share our impressions of the conference atmosphere. We conclude with some final thoughts.     

Human Resource Development in Asia – Thriving on dynamism & change: Reflections from 2006 Asian HRD conference

This article discusses the experiences of the conference management team and the host (Universiti Putra Malaysia -UPM) of the Fifth Asian Conference of the Academy of Human Resource Development, held in Putrajaya, Malaysia from 2 to 5 December 2006. In reviewing the conference, the following sub-topics are used for organizing the contents of the article: HRD in Malaysia; conference theme & overview; participations/country representations and paper streams; keynote addresses; conference assessment; and conclusions. At the end, brief perspectives of the next Asian HRD conference to be held in China are also provided.     

The Power of Perception: Health Risk Attributed to Air Pollution in an Urban Industrial Neighbourhood

This paper describes a multi-stakeholder process designed to assess the potential health risks associated with adverse air quality in an urban industrial neighborhood. The paper briefly describes the quantitative health risk assessment conducted by scientific experts, with input by a grassroots community group concerned about the impacts of adverse air quality on their health and quality of life. In this case, rather than accept the views of the scientific experts, the community used their powers of perception to advantage by successfully advocating for a professionally conducted community health survey. This survey was designed to document, systematically and rigorously, the health risk perceptions community members associated with exposure to adverse air quality in their neighborhood. This paper describes the institutional and community contexts within which the research is situated as well as the design, administration, analysis, and results of the community health survey administered to 402 households living in an urban industrial neighborhood in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. These survey results served to legitimate the community's concerns about air quality and to help broaden operational definitions of health. In addition, the results of both health risk assessment exercises served to keep issues of air quality on the local political agenda. Implications of these findings for our understanding of the environmental justice process as well as the ability of communities to influence environmental health policy are discussed.     

Tight approximation bounds for combinatorial frugal coverage algorithms

We consider the frugal coverage problem, an interesting variation of set cover defined as follows. Instances of the problem consist of a universe of elements and a collection of sets over these elements; the objective is to compute a subcollection of sets so that the number of elements it covers plus the number of sets not chosen is maximized. The problem was introduced and studied by Huang and Svitkina (Proceedings of the 29th IARCS annual conference on foundations of software technology and theoretical computer science (FSTTCS), pp. 227–238, 2009) due to its connections to the donation center location problem. We prove that the greedy algorithm has approximation ratio at least 0.782, improving a previous bound of 0.731 in Huang and Svitkina (Proceedings of the 29th IARCS annual conference on foundations of software technology and theoretical computer science (FSTTCS), pp. 227–238, 2009). We also present a further improvement that is obtained by adding a simple corrective phase at the end of the execution of the greedy algorithm. The approximation ratio achieved in this way is at least 0.806. Finally, we consider a packing based algorithm that uses semi-local optimization, and show that its approximation ratio is not less than 0.872. Our analysis is based on the use of linear programs which capture the behavior of the algorithms in worst-case examples. The obtained bounds are proved to be tight.     

A New Approximation Algorithm for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem on a Tree

This paper presents a new approximation algorithm for a vehicle routing problem on a tree-shaped network with a single depot. Customers are located on vertices of the tree, and each customer has a positive demand. Demands of customers are served by a fleet of identical vehicles with limited capacity. It is assumed that the demand of a customer is splittable, i.e., it can be served by more than one vehicle. The problem we are concerned with in this paper asks to find a set of tours of the vehicles with minimum total lengths. Each tour begins at the depot, visits a subset of the customers and returns to the depot without violating the capacity constraint. We propose a 1.35078-approximation algorithm for the problem (exactly, ), which is an improvement over the existing 1.5-approximation.     

Future trends in world trade (A review of the Lima target)

In March 1975, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization held an important conference at Lima to discuss ways of speeding up the industrialization of developing countries. Various targets were formulated by the conference to achieve further growth in the developing areas of the world, which could have far-reaching implications not only for the developing countries, but also for the developed. The whole structure of world trade could be radically changed by the year 2000 and, as the authors of this article argue, the likely growth of various industries could be altered significantly over the next 25 years.     

员工工作满意度调查问卷的有效性及民营企业员工工作满意度影响因素研究

本研究选取我国浙江杭州和广州深圳市各一中型民营企业员工共780人作为被试,采用自编的民营企业员工满意度调查问卷(问卷由8个分量表构成,共61个项目)探查我国民营企业员工的工作满意度情况及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)民营企业员工满意度调查问卷的信度系数r为0.9555,内容效度和结构效度的相关系数均达到了可接受水平,是一个可接受的满意度调查问卷;(2)民营企业员工满意度调查问卷的维度"培训与发展"、"高层管理"、"所在部门"和"客户服务"对员工的满意度具有较大的影响,而"直接主管"、"薪资与福利"和"工作目标与绩效"等对员工满意度几乎没有什么影响;(3)民营企业B(深圳)的员工在所有八个分量表上的工作满意度均显著地满意于民营企业A(杭州)的员工的工作满意度;(4)无论是在总体水平上还是在各个分量表上,男员工的工作满意度均显著地高于女员工的工作满意度;(5)在总体水平上,在企业服务两年以上的员工(下简称为"老员工")的工作满意度显著地高于在企业工作2年以下的员工(下简称为"新员工")的工作满意度.具体地说,老员工在"所在部门"和"高层管理"两个维度上的工作满意度显著地高于新员工,而在"工作目标与绩效"、"直接主管"、"培训与发展"、"薪资与福利"以及"客户服务"等维度上,两者没有显著的差异.     

管理学百年回顾与展望——第4届“管理学在中国”学术研讨会述评

在第4届"管理学在中国"学术研讨会上,围绕"管理学:百年回眸与世纪展望"的大会主题,学者们重点针对以下2个话题进行了研讨:西方管理理论的发展回顾与展望、管理学在中国的发展回顾与展望。此外,通过专题论坛的形式,学者们还围绕以下4个方面的话题进行了专题研讨:管理哲学、领导研究、政府与非营利组织管理、商业组织管理。针对上述话题的研讨情况进行了综述和点评。     

Practical Implications of Preference‐Based Conference Scheduling

Conference scheduling involves organizing presentations into sessions which are assigned to time periods and rooms. This includes assuring a feasible utilization of time periods and rooms, and avoiding individual schedule conflicts. The problem increases in complexity by considering the preferences of presenters: for time periods, for rooms, etc. A greater level of complexity comes from considering the preferences of conference attendees, which we define as preference‐based conference scheduling (PBCS). This article provides a structure on which PBCS problems are founded, including empirical demonstration of solution techniques. In addition, real‐world strategic planning issues of flexibility and preference detail are explored.     

Flexible working and organisational change: the integration of work and personal life

In a final large group session of a working conference in the Tavistock group relations tradition, members were concerned about who would get the consultants' 'blessing' as confirmation of their learning during the course of the conference. Some members referred to Jacob's fight at the river Jabbok and other parts of the Jacob legend from the Old Testament book of Genesis as a metaphoric frame to disentangle and explore their experiences. This concern mirrored a more general theme, which is as old as mankind - the theme of inheritance and succession. In this paper this theme will function as a frame for a broader exploration of the Jacob legend, the early development of psychoanalysis, the Tavistock tradition of group relations and the experience of organizational role holders in family businesses and other organizations. Instead of merely regarding inheritance and succession as a handing over, it will be postulated that assuming an inherited legacy requires a certain self-authorization on the part of the heir in order to own and further develop it. The capacity for containment of frustration and the ability to feel the pain of longing are requisites for ultimately taking up one's inheritance in the ongoing tradition of one's world.     

Approximation for vertex cover in $$\beta $$-conflict graphs

Conflict graph is a union of finite given sets of disjoint complete multipartite graphs. Vertex cover on this kind of graph is used first to model data inconsistency problems in database application. It is NP-complete if the number of given sets r is fixed, and can be approximated within \(2-\frac{1}{2^r}\) (Miao et al. in Proceedings of the 9th international conference on combinatorial optimization and applications, vol 9486. COCOA 2015, New York. Springer, New York, pp 395–408, 2015). This paper shows a better algorithm to improve the approximation for dense cases. If the ratio of vertex not belongs to any wheel complete multipartite graph is no more than \(\beta <1\), then our algorithm will provide a \((1+\beta +\frac{1-\beta }{k})\)-approximation, where k is a parameter related to degree distribution of wheel complete multipartite graph.     

多哈农业谈判:取消出口补贴的影响分析

由于出口补贴对世界农产品贸易的严重扭曲,2001年11月WTO第四届部长级会议发表的《多哈部长宣言》,明确要求“削减并力争取消所有形式的出口补贴”,建立严格的出口补贴纪律,出口补贴成为多哈农业谈判的核心问题。经过WTO成员艰苦努力,各方在2005年12月召开的WTO香港部长会议上,终于就在2013年前取消所有出口补贴达成一致。本文拟在评估WTO乌拉圭回合农产品出口补贴规则执行效果的基础上,根据WTO香港会议成果,应用计量模型模拟分析取消出口补贴的可能影响。     

Resource allocation. The cost of care: two troublesome cases in health care ethics.

With the cost of health care rising rapidly, both physicians and administrators regularly face resource allocation decisions. Under these conditions of relative scarcity, the equitable and appropriate distribution of limited resources becomes an ethical as well as a financial issue. Through ethical analysis, physician executives can assist their physician colleagues and fellow administrators to find rationally defensible answers to questions regarding the distribution of limited resources. Six criteria are frequently "weighted in the balance" by ethicists when analyzing whether justice is served in the distribution of a limited resource: need, equality, contribution, ability to pay, effort, and merit. The authors argue that, from an ethical standpoint, the best single criterion upon which one can base an allocation decision is that of merit, defined as the potential to benefit from the investment of additional resources.     

Managing Risk: A Joint U.S.-German Perspective

Ideas from a USA-FRG conference on risk management are presented. In general, the difficulties confronted by risk management authorities in the two countries are similar, from discovering important risks at an early stage to setting acceptable goals. Government regulation is overburdened and somewhat inefficient in both countries, leading to greater search for alternatives. The many differences in approach between the two countries can inform both. German risk management is done largely through negotiations among the affected parties; when this does not resolve a dispute, a specialized administrative court takes charge. In both countries nonregulatory methods of managing risk should be enhanced and given a larger role. A matrix of risk management method versus criteria proved stimulating in comparing and ranking approaches. The conceptual differences between managing discrete events (auto crashes, boiler explosions, etc.) and chronic exposures have not been appreciated. Although uncertainty and probability are involved in both, there are qualitative differences in both analysis and management. Public perceptions of risk and the role these should play have been characterized by "objectivist" and "subjectivist" positions. In the former view, risks are subject to analysis, are calculable, and the public must be educated to accept the conclusions of experts. In the latter view what people perceive is what is most important, both psychologically and politically, and the risk experts must understand public fears and desires. These are important opportunities for cross cultural studies.     

Exploring the relationship between our learning,E-learning and HRD: E-Learn 2005 conference report

Abstract

This report provides a personal reflection on the E-Learn Conference held in Vancouver, Canada, in October 2005. First, I provide a brief review of previous conference reports and then share my experiences of this particular conference, focusing on technical, social, pedagogical and cultural aspects.     

The Conference Paper-Reviewer Assignment Problem*

Conference organizers often face the following problem: Given a collection of submitted papers, select a subset to be presented at the conference. The bulk of the work often amounts to assembling a pool of reviewers and then sending each submitted paper to several reviewers. We present in this paper a technique for finding a good assignment of papers to reviewers. An important feature of the solution we find is that each paper is sent to at least one reviewer who is “as expert as possible” for that paper. A major component of the problem is modeled as a bottleneck version of a capacitated transshipment problem.     

Improvements to MCS algorithm for the maximum clique problem

In this paper we present improvements to one of the most recent and fastest branch-and-bound algorithm for the maximum clique problem—MCS algorithm by Tomita et al. (Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Algorithms and Computation, WALCOM’10, pp. 191–203, 2010). The suggested improvements include: incorporating of an efficient heuristic returning a high-quality initial solution, fast detection of clique vertices in a set of candidates, better initial colouring, and avoiding dynamic memory allocation. Our computational study shows some impressive results, mainly we have solved p_hat1000-3 benchmark instance which is intractable for MCS algorithm and got speedups of 7, 3000, and 13000 times for gen400_p0.9_55, gen400_p0.9_65, and gen400_p0.9_75 instances correspondingly.     

Role stress among physician executives

On the one hand, physician executives are clinicians who place value on professional autonomy. As clinicians, the best interests of the patient drive their decision making and their value system. On the other hand, as managers, physician executives serve as agents of an organization. Because of the differences in the two cultures, some physicians have called the physician executive position a "no man's land" To address these issues and answer the questions that surround them, the authors developed a survey that was mailed to a random sample of the membership of the American College of Physician Executives. Parts of the survey served in other studies of role conflict and role ambiguity. Parts of the survey are new, developed specifically to analyze the physician executive role. The findings are reported in this article.