ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Work satisfaction, self‐esteem, and alienation measures were obtained from white males in three service occupations (bartenders, barbers, and mailmen) at different levels of the occupational prestige hierarchy. While we found an overall positive relationship between work satisfaction and occupational prestige, this only held for variables where societal reference groups were forced upon the respondents. Such findings suggest that the relationship between work satisfaction and occupational prestige is less absolute than usually suggested by the literature. Hypotheses from the literature arguing for a direct relationship between occupational prestige and alienation were not supported by our data. We conclude that sociologists probably overestimate the salience of work and occupational prestige for the working class.     

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Within the last several years, sociology has witnessed numerous emerging interests, two of which are clinical sociology and teaching sociology. Although these two movements appear to have little in common, beneath the surface a great deal of commonality exists. This paper examines the similarities and dissimilarities between these movements. In particular, the discussion presents the factors leading to the emergence of these movements, the basic issues articulated by each, and the organizational format developed to address their concerns. The issues that these movements address have implications for the future of sociology. These movements offer the possibility that sociology may become a more applied discipline, a discipline closer to the phenomena it studies, and a discipline confident that it has something to offer.     

艺术品市场的价格信息哪个可

任何艺术品市场参与者做决策时,都需要借助有关的价格信息。在如今的信息时代,最不缺乏的就是信息,但漫天的实况报道、行情分析、数据发布中,既有主观臆测,也有粗制滥造,更有恶意造假。能够搜集到真实可靠的价格信息,在艺术品市场变得越来越重要。     

DURKHEIM'S PREDICTION ABOUT THE DECLINING IMPORTANCE OF THE FAMILY AND INHERITANCE:

In 1912 Emile Durkheim predicted that testators would shift their beneficiaries in their last wills from their families to organizations as societies industrialized, primarily because the family would decline as an economic institution. This article analyzes and expands Durkheim's prediction into a “Durkheimian’ theory of organizational inheritance. The 429 last wills filed in the probate court of Providence, Rhode Island, from 1775–1985 are content analyzed in order to test Durkheim's prediction and to determine if other fundamental changes have occurred in testamentary behaviors. Contrary to Durkheim's prediction, families and kin remain as the beneficiaries in more than 90 percent of the sole beneficiary wills and in more than 80 percent of the combined beneficiary wills. Spouses, children, and grandchildren remain as the most frequent beneficiaries. Although many other types of beneficiaries besides family members and voluntary associations were named by testators in 1985, these other types accounted for a relatively small percentage of the beneficiaries. Other factors are suggested that could bring about widespread organizational inheritance during the next twenty years. The family was in the past better suited to ensure the continuity of economic life as well, because it was a small group in direct touch with things and people and also itself endowed with a genuine continuity. To-day this continuity no longer exists. The family is all the time in process of breaking up; it lasts only for a period and it may die out here and there. It no longer has sufficient power to link the generations one to another, in the economic sense. But only a secondary, fairly small medium can be a substitute. This can and should have greater scope than the family because the economic interests themselves have grown. It is not possible for any central organ to be everywhere present and everywhere active at the same moment. All these points, then persuade us in favour of the professional groups. -Emile Durkheim     

谈谈中国书画的“气”

“气韵生动”经晋代谢赫提出,为“六法”品评画艺的标准之首,历代至今也成为书画家创作与欣赏的品评标准之首。笔者认为,其中“气”应泛指书画作品中笔迹、形态所产生的气势、气场、气息、气脉等感觉;“韵”应泛指笔迹、形态所产生的节奏、对比、变化、过渡、平衡、和谐等感觉;“生动”应泛指笔迹、形态所产生的生命感、流淌感、艺术真实感等感觉。书画工作者在实践中是会体会到这些感受的。     

SOME QUALMS ABOUT THE TEST OF THE INSTITUTIONALIST HYPOTHESIS OF THE LONG-RUN BEHAVIOR OF VELOCITY

This paper expresses econometric qualms about Bordo and Jonung's [1981] analysis of long-run velocity. They did not recognize that, for U.S. and Canadian data, the log of velocity has a unit root. Hence, estimation of a log level regression may produce spurious regressions.
When Bordo and Jonung's velocity equation is reestimated in rate of change form, permanent income is significant, contrary to their earlier conclusion. Moreover, using this approach gives a stronger result for one of the institutional variables in the velocity function, in the sense that the remaining variables become more significant.