高职院校贫困生心理健康多维救助研究

高职院校贫困生心理健康关怀除了心理干预外,还要通过物质资助、立人教育、就业指导等多维救助,并至少持续一年以上,可取得良好效果。     

高校贫困生认定方法探讨

高校贫困生是近年来高校出现的一个新群体,他们大多数是学习成绩优秀,但是家境困难的学生,仅仅靠其家庭收入,难以维持大学学习生活,因此,国家每年都在大学投入大量的资金来资助这部分家庭经济困难的学生,以帮助他们完成学业,但是贫困生的认定工作却是困难重重,本文分析了目前贫困生认定的一些程序,提出了改进大学贫困生认定办法。     

“贫困生救助”体系构建设想——以常熟理工学院为例

贫困生救助是一个层次多、战线长的工作,学校光从资金上的资助未必能从深层次缓解贫困学生的学习、就业、生活压力,只有从经济、思想、心理、技能等方面共同构建救助模型,才能有效发挥学校在贫困生救助工作中的作用。     

高职院校贫困生认定现状及应对策略

贫困生的认定是高职院校资助工作的一大瓶颈,它关系贫困学生的学业发展和身心健康,关系教育公平理念能否得到真正贯彻落实.目前,高职院校贫困生的认定工作的实施还存在着贫困证明缺乏公信力、主观因素过多、忽视贫困生心理健康等问题.因此需要进一步采取有效措施,完善贫困生认定工作.本文重点阐述了高职院校贫困生认定现状,提出了应对策略.     

高校贫困生认定工作中的问题及经济困难程度量化初探

随着国家对家庭经济困难学生(以下简称贫困生)资助力度的加大,如何辨别、资助真正的贫困生,把资助金用到最需要帮助的学生身上,以提高资金的使用效率显得日趋重要。针对当前高校贫困生认定工作中存在的问题,并进行客观准确地量化评价,提出有效解决方法,从而较好地保证了资助对象评选的公正性收到了良好的效果。     

高校贫困生资助体系问题研究

随着高校招生收费制度的改革和高校扩招,家庭经济困难学生就学已成为社会关注的热点问题。为解决这一问题,党和政府高度关注,初步建立起包括奖、助、贷、勤、补、减的多元化高校家庭经济困难学生资助政策体系。研究贫困资助体系在运行中存在的问题,并探讨相应的对策,对于保障每一位贫困学生获得公平接受高等教育的机会、不断完善经济困难学生资助体系、充分发挥贫困资助工作的社会职能具有重要意义。     

对高校贫困生援助体系建设的伦理思考

近年来,党中央高度重视大学生成长成才,特别是对家庭经济困难学生的生活给予高度关注。高校贫困生援助体系的建设充分体现了党的教育方针。然而随着时代与社会的发展,面对日益扩大的贫困生群体,面对来自于社会的、学生发展的各种需求在不断增加,使得目前我国高校贫困生的助学工作及其体系面临一系列伦理问题。只有解决这些伦理困惑才能使援助体系建设发挥更大的作用和优势。     

流浪儿童救助保护体系的模式探索

构建规范、有效的流浪儿童救助保护体系,必须将之置于国家——社会关系背景下考量,并对体制内的机构救助者和民间主体之间职能的分工、关系的协调予以兼顾。有鉴于此,本文提出流浪儿童救助保护体系构建的五个原则,在此基础上建构一个国家、社会与流浪儿童的家庭三者共同担负流浪儿童救助保护与回归社会责任的理论模型,以期有效整合国家与社会的资源,引导流浪儿童顺利回归正常社会生活。     

公民社会视角下社会救助体系的构建

本文通过对公民社会在社会救助体系构建中的参与度分析,总结问题并有针对地提出公民社会视角下构建社会救助体系的具体路径,以期对我国社会救助体系构建有所启发。     

流浪儿童救助保护体系的构建原则

当前,中国流浪儿童救助保护的理论与实践都取得了显著进展。然而,在这一领域中,国家——社会关系、体制内的机构救助者和民间主体如何分工、两者关系如何调适等方面尚未形成学界共识。因此,对中国流浪儿童救助保护体系的构建原则进行讨论很有必要。构建流浪儿童救助保护体系应包括五个原则,即政府依然要扮演主要角色、社会力量的有效参与不可或缺、专业社会工作与本土社会工作相结合、档案管理与因人施“救”、对流浪儿童实施主动性救助保护等方面。     

独立学院毕业生就业指导服务体系创新研究

大学生就业问题一直是社会关注的热点,独立学院作为普通本科高等学校的重要组成部分,毕业生的就业情况不仅关系到学院的繁荣兴衰,同时也牵系着社会的稳定和可持续发展。在分析独立学院大学生就业目前存在问题及阐述独立学院一般性的就业工作基础上,就如何更好地做好独立学院大学生就业指导工作提出了一些创新性的方法。     

独立学院通信工程专业实践教学体系构建探索

分析通信工程专业的特点,以天津理工大学中环信息学院为例,针对目前教学内容、教学方式、实践环节进行了研究和改革,采取校企结合的有效措施,让学生融入通信专业的工程环境,构建相对完善的实践教学体系,大大增强了学生的创新意识和综合分析问题、解决问题的能力。     

Internet Use Among College Students: An Exploratory Study

Abstract

The author and associates surveyed 1,300 college students in classrooms at eight academic institutions to identify how the students' use of the Internet has affected their social or academic lives. Although the typical Internet-using student uses the Internet for 100 minutes per day, a small group of students use the Internet to a degree that interferes with other aspects of their lives. Most of them are men and are found among the hard science academic majors. Some ideas for dealing with this problem are suggested.     

网球文化对高校大学生的影响与培育

与其它球类文化不同,网球文化的内涵和文化价值对人的影响都是独特的。随着网球运动的持续深入,大学生群体也在不断参与其中。在分析网球文化的内涵、讨论网球运动的文化价值的基础上,提出了高校网球文化的培育路径。     

A Phenomenological Study of Career Anxiety Among College Students

This study explored the phenomenon of career anxiety through a qualitative investigation of the experiences of 7 traditional‐aged college students who were in various stages of their undergraduate degree programs. Using Moustakas's ( 1994 ) method of transcendental phenomenology, the authors conducted in‐depth interviews to answer the following questions: (a) What are coresearchers’ (participants') experiences with the phenomenon of career anxiety? and (b) In what contexts do the coresearchers experience career anxiety? Seven themes emerged: general symptoms of anxiety, existential concerns, pressure, lack of career guidance, cognitive distortions, social comparisons, and economic/occupational uncertainty. The findings provide a contextual and developmental perspective on career‐related anxiety that can guide counselors in the implementation of interventions for reducing anxiety associated with career choice and development.     

Fitness Profiles and Activity Patterns of Entering College Students

Abstract

Fitness levels of American youth have shown a marked decline in the last decade, according to recent studies. To determine whether such a tendency persists for entering college students, the authors evaluated 115 male and 143 female students for performance on the following fitness-related variables: (1) maximal oxygen consumption (estimated from Astrand cycling protocol), (2) body composition (skin-fold techniques), (3) muscle endurance (sit-up protocol), (4) muscle strength (bench-press protocol), and (5) joint flexibility (upper and lower body protocols).

Although neither men nor women exhibited high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, the women in the study showed higher relative levels than their male counterparts. Both groups showed excellent levels of muscle strength (compared with normative standards), but they achieved only an average standard for muscle endurance. Findings of relatively low levels of cardiovascular fitness compared with levels of muscle strength, particularly in men, seem to be a reflection of an inappropriate concentration of physical activity.     

Attitude Change among College Students toward Homosexuality

Abstract

Although audio-visual materials are commonly used on college and university campuses, frequently those materials are not evaluated to determine what impact they may have on students' attitudes. The present research compared the effect of three audio-visual programs on attitudes of college students toward homosexuality. The three programs included a film that dealt with prejudice towards numerous groups but not towards homosexuals; a video-tape of a homosexual clergyman who discussed sexual variance with particular emphasis on homosexuality; and two films in which couples were explicitly engaging in homosexual behavior. A control group was used. All groups received a lecture about homosexuality.

Using a two-way analysis of covariance, significant differences were found among the groups. Subjects that watched the film on prejudice and the video-tape of a discussion of homosexuality, as well as the control group, were all significantly more tolerant toward homosexuality than subjects who watched the explicit films. The difference among groups was immediate only. Five weeks after exposure to audio-visual programs, there were no significant differences. There was no significant difference between males and females, either immediately after seeing the programs or five weeks later. Thus, attitudes of college students toward homosexuality can be altered and were not gender specific.     

Stages of Change Among Ethnically Diverse College Students

Abstract

The authors applied the stage-of-change construct in the transtheoretical model to examine the distribution of Asian (n = 869), African American (n = 373), White (n = 1322), and Hispanic (n = 535) American undergraduate students across the 5 stages of change for exercise. Stage of change varied as a function of ethnicity. Higher percentages of minorities were in the precontemplation and contemplation stages. The likelihood of being in these stages was from 43% to 82% greater for minorities than for White students. Also examined were the congruency between stage of change and self-reported levels of physical activity. Half of the sedentary students and 15.6% of the active students were misclassified by the stage-of-change procedure. Misclassification rates were higher for minority women (27.8%) than for White women (17.8%) and for Asian students (24.6%) compared with all others (20.6%). The results of this study have implications for the design of physical activity interventions based on stage of change.     

当代大学生学习动力不足的原因及对策

当代大学生学习动力不足是我国高校面临的一个较为普遍和严峻的问题。导致大学生学习动力不足的原因主要是来自社会、学校以及学生自身的原因。增强大学生的学习动力应当着重从学生、教育体制、课程设置以及校园文化等多方面加强工作。