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1.
Cathleen D. Zick W. Keith Bryant Sivithee Srisukhumbowornchai 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(1):1-28
In recent years, American women’s housework time has declined while American men’s housework time has risen. We examine how
these changes have affected economic inequality in the United States. Using time-diary data from the Time Use in Economic
and Social Accounts, 1975–1976 (N = 1,484) and the American Time Use Survey, 2003 (N = 5,534), we value adults’ housework using two alternative methodologies and assess its influence on households’ real access
to goods and services in both years. Results suggest that housework reduces economic inequality in both years. But, between
1975–1976 and 2002–2003, overall economic inequality rose largely because of the growing wage inequality and also, in part,
because of growth in housework inequality. Socio-demographic change partially inhibited the overall growth in economic inequality.
相似文献
Cathleen D. ZickEmail: |
2.
Judith A. Hall Nora A. Murphy Marianne Schmid Mast 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2006,30(4):141-155
Interpersonal sensitivity, defined as the accurate recall of another person’s nonverbal behavior, was measured in two studies. In Study 1, nonverbal recall accuracy (NRA) was based on recall of cues expressed by a man and/or woman being interviewed on videotape. Retest reliability after 2 weeks was satisfactory and the male and female tests demonstrated sufficient convergence. Participants could assess their own recall accuracy at better than chance levels; ability to decode the meanings of visual nonverbal cues was positively related to NRA; discriminant validity of NRA was demonstrated with regard to general cognitive ability; and women had higher NRA than men. In Study 2, NRA was based on recall of a live interaction partner. Women again had higher NRA than men; NRA was significantly better than chance; and higher NRA was associated with more smiling and self-reported positive affect during the interaction. Nonverbal recall accuracy is a promising new definition of interpersonal sensitivity.
相似文献
Judith A. HallEmail: |
3.
Nasser Daneshvary C. Jeffrey Waddoups Bradley S. Wimmer 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(4):365-379
This paper provides insight into the wage gap between lesbians and heterosexual women. Using data from the 2000 Decennial
Census, we find a lesbian premium that equals approximately 10% for women without a bachelor’s degree, and is nearly non-existent
for women with higher levels of education. These findings are consistent with proposition that the gap between lesbians’ and
heterosexual women’s commitment to the labor market narrows at higher levels of education. We also find that controls for
industry and occupation exert only a small effect on the gap between lesbian and heterosexual women’s wages.
相似文献
Bradley S. WimmerEmail: |
4.
The Nordic countries at the same time exhibit a remarkably high participation rate of mothers and a more moderate decline
in fertility rates compared to other Western countries. This has been attributed to the fact that the welfare state model
and, especially, the family friendly policies chosen in the Nordic countries are unique. In this paper we evaluate the impact
of Nordic countries’ family friendly policies on employment, wages and children’s well-being. We demonstrate that, although
the ‘Nordic model’ has been successful in boosting female employment, it is a costly solution. Furthermore, family-friendly
policies mainly directed towards giving mothers the right to be on long paid maternal leave have adverse effects on women’s
wages with consequences for gender equality. Indeed, extensive family-friendly schemes may even have created a ‘system-based
glass ceiling’ hindering women’s career progression. There is no evidence however of a trade-off between family-friendly policies
and family welfare as effects on child development and children’s well-being of publicly provided child-care are found to
be modest or even positive.
相似文献
Mette Verner (Corresponding author)Email: |
5.
Philippe Steiner 《Theory and Society》2009,38(1):97-110
Zelizer’s work may be read as an attack on the central Polanyian thesis: that the market system threatens social life by the
undue prominence it lends the economy in the organization of modern society. The recent publication of Viviana Zelizer’s The Purchase of Intimacy (2005a) is therefore an excellent opportunity to review the general trend of her work Zelizer 1979, 1985, 1994, and contrast her leading ideas to the central thesis that gives Polanyi’s work its particular flavor: the danger encapsulated
in the use of modern money and the functioning of the market system.
A draft of this essay was presented in March 2007 at a workshop held at the University of London, and a preliminary French
version has appeared in a special issue of the Revue du Mauss devoted to Polanyi’s thought (Vol. 29, June 2007). The present version is directed to Zelizer’s views on the relation between
market and society. I thank Franck Cochoy, Keith Hart, José Ossandon, and Viviana Zelizer for their helpful comments and advices.
Philippe Steiner is Professor of Sociology at Paris-Sorbonne University. He is the author of several books in the field of economic sociology: La sociologie économique 1890-1920 (Paris: Presses universitaires de France co-authored with J-J. Gislain), Sociologie de la connaissance économique. Essai sur les rationalisations de la connaissance économique (1750-1850) (Paris: Presses universitaires de France), and L’école durkheimienne et l’économie. Sociologie, religion et connaissance (Genève: Droz). His current field work is about the economic sociology of organ transplants (La transplantation d’organes: un commerce entre les êtres humains, forthcoming). 相似文献
Philippe SteinerEmail: |
Philippe Steiner is Professor of Sociology at Paris-Sorbonne University. He is the author of several books in the field of economic sociology: La sociologie économique 1890-1920 (Paris: Presses universitaires de France co-authored with J-J. Gislain), Sociologie de la connaissance économique. Essai sur les rationalisations de la connaissance économique (1750-1850) (Paris: Presses universitaires de France), and L’école durkheimienne et l’économie. Sociologie, religion et connaissance (Genève: Droz). His current field work is about the economic sociology of organ transplants (La transplantation d’organes: un commerce entre les êtres humains, forthcoming). 相似文献
6.
Judith A. Hall Susan A. Andrzejewski Jennelle E. Yopchick 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2009,33(3):149-180
This meta-analysis examines how interpersonal sensitivity (IS), defined as accurate judgment or recall of others’ behavior
or appearance, is related to psychosocial characteristics of the perceiver, defined as personality traits, social and emotional
functioning, life experiences, values, attitudes, and self-concept. For 215 independent studies reported in 96 published sources,
higher IS was generally associated with favorable or adaptive psychosocial functioning. Significant mean correlations were
found for 27 of the 40 categories of psychosocial variables; these categories covered many different personality traits, indicators
of mental health, and social and work-related competencies. Moreover, many additional studies that fell outside these conceptual
categories also showed significant positive relations between IS and numerous other psychosocial variables. Taken together,
the results support the construct validity of IS tests and demonstrate that IS is associated with many important aspects of
personal and social functioning.
相似文献
Judith A. HallEmail: |
7.
Married Women’s Labor Supply and Spousal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Results from Panel Data 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Jason E. Murasko 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):391-406
This paper investigates the effect of spousal insurance coverage on married women’s labor supply. This effect was hypothesized
to be negative, since married women have an incentive to seek employment in jobs that will provide insurance when their husbands
do not provide coverage. Panel data from the 1996–2004 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys was used to control for the potential
correlation between unobserved characteristics and spousal insurance. The findings suggest that spousal coverage does have
a negative effect on married women’s labor supply, and that most of the reduction in labor supply seems to derive from shifts
out of the labor force rather than between part-time and full-time work.
相似文献
Jason E. MuraskoEmail: |
8.
Marriage matching and gender satisfaction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Vicki Knoblauch 《Social Choice and Welfare》2009,32(1):15-27
The performance of the Gale–Shapley marriage matching algorithm (Am Math Mon 16:217–222, 1962) has been studied extensively
in the special case of men’s and women’s preferences random. We drop the assumption that women’s preferences are random and
show that , where R
n
is the men’s expected level of satisfaction, that is, the expected sum of men’s rankings of their assigned mates, when the
men-propose Gale–Shapley algorithm is used to match n men with n women. This is a step towards establishing a conjecture of Knuth (Mariages Stables et leurs relations avec d’ autres problémes
combinatoires, 1976, CRM Proceedings and Lecture Notes, Vol 10, 1997) of 30 years standing. Under the same assumptions, we
also establish bounds on the expected rankings by women of their assigned mates. 相似文献
9.
Parenthood and Commitment to the Legal Profession: Are Mothers Less Committed than Fathers? 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Jean E. Wallace 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):478-495
This research examined the relationship between parenthood and career commitment. Karasek’s (Administrative Science Quarterly 24:285–308, 1979) Job Demand-Job Control Model was used as a theoretic framework for hypothesizing the relationships between work and family
demands, job control and social support and parents’ career commitment. Questionnaire data from a sample of practicing lawyers
with children were used to test this model. The results show fathers generally reported more work demands than mothers; whereas,
mothers reported more family demands than fathers. Job control and social support did not moderate relationships between work
and family demands and parents’ career commitment. Perhaps the most surprising finding of this study, contrary to assumptions
in the literature and the workplace, was that mothers practicing law are significantly more committed to their careers than fathers. This paper closes by discussing possible explanations for these findings.
相似文献
Jean E. WallaceEmail: |
10.
Greta R. Krippner 《Theory and Society》2007,36(6):477-513
This article explores the implications of the Federal Reserve’s shift to transparency for recent debates about neoliberalism
and neoliberal policymaking. I argue that the evolution of US monetary policy represents a specific instance of what I term
the “neoliberal dilemma.” In the context of generally deteriorating economic conditions, policymakers are anxious to escape
responsibility for economic outcomes, and yet markets require regulation to function in capitalist economies (Polanyi 2001). How policymakers negotiate these contradictory imperatives involves a continual process of institutional innovation in
which functions are transferred to markets, but under the close control of the state. Thus, under transparency, Federal Reserve officials discovered
innovations in the policy process that enabled “markets to do the Fed’s work for it.” These innovations enlisted market mechanisms,
but did not represent a retreat from the state’s active role in managing the economy.
Greta Krippner is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Michigan. She is currently completing a book on the financialization of the American economy in the post-1970s period entitled The Fictitious Economy: The State, Financialization, and the Remaking of American Capitalism. New research examines the relationship between financialization and changing patterns of social conflict in US society from the late nineteenth century to the present. 相似文献
Greta R. KrippnerEmail: |
Greta Krippner is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Michigan. She is currently completing a book on the financialization of the American economy in the post-1970s period entitled The Fictitious Economy: The State, Financialization, and the Remaking of American Capitalism. New research examines the relationship between financialization and changing patterns of social conflict in US society from the late nineteenth century to the present. 相似文献
11.
12.
Samuel R. Aymer 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(4):323-332
Within the context of agency practice, most programs for abusive men are informed by the Duluth Model, suggesting that male violence against women is influenced by the dictates of patriarchy and sexism. Accordingly, this model
promotes the importance of educational groups, which aim to debunk men’s stereotypical beliefs about women. Thus, men’s early
abuse history, which also contributes to the use of violence, is omitted from service delivery. In contrast, this article
explores the use of clinical interventions with men engaged in partner abuse with particular emphasis on a psychodynamic approach.
The premise is that exposure to partner abuse during childhood as well as being the target of child abuse both shape the histories
of these men in varying degrees, often manifesting in shame, depression, anxiety, and fear of abandonment, resulting in a
poor self-image. Since environmental and socio-cultural influences inhibit them from expressing feelings associated with their
experiences, clinical work, in contrast, encourages the development of insight and helps build skills that facilitate adaptive
psychosocial functioning. This process unlocks suppression of affect by giving them ways to examine how certain events that
occurred earlier in their lives contribute to the ways in which they treat their partners. Attachment, social learning and
object relations theories all provide the theoretical frameworks. The case of Tom addresses partner abuse in the context of
heterosexual relationships, demonstrating how psychodynamically informed psychotherapy can benefit abusive men.
相似文献
Samuel R. AymerEmail: |
13.
Being deeply understood relies on the ability of the social work clinician to have authentic and genuine empathy for their
client. This phenomenological study sought to understand the lived experience of men sexually abused as boys in their childhood,
and what life is like for them as sexual abuse survivors in adulthood. Analyses of fourteen male survivors’ narratives into
the abuse they experienced as children, and the meaning they make of that experience today, offer insights for therapists.
Findings suggest that therapists have a responsibility to ask male clients about sexual victimization, even when this is not
the presenting problem but they exhibit sexual abuse related problems; an obligation to educate one’s self on responding therapeutically
to disclosure; a duty to receive training to counsel sexually victimized males; a responsibility to advocate for the development
of men’s services; and taking an active role in shifting attitudes towards men’s vulnerabilities.
相似文献
Graeme MillingtonEmail: |
14.
Katy Jenkins 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2009,20(1):15-34
This paper focuses on recognizing the contribution made to development by grassroots women working on a voluntary basis in
long term development projects. Using the example of healthcare, the paper problematizes the widespread move towards an increased
reliance on voluntary and third sector provision. Drawing on literature around women’s community activism, the research considers
the extent to which women carrying out health promotion work in Peru have taken on this role as more than “just voluntary
work,” highlighting their long term commitment during more than a decade of health promotion activities. The paper develops
debates around the professionalization of voluntary work, particularly considering the issue of economic remuneration for
health promoters, and emphasizing the gendered nature of their voluntarism; concluding by questioning the sustainability of
poor women’s long term, and largely unpaid, involvement as the linchpins of community development projects.
相似文献
Katy JenkinsEmail: |
15.
The present research examined whether the observation of emotional expressions rapidly induces congruent emotional experiences
and facial responses in observers under strong test conditions. Specifically, participants rated their emotional reactions
after (a) single, brief exposures of (b) a range of human emotional facial expressions that included (c) a neutral face comparison
using a procedure designed to (d) minimize potential experimental demand. Even with these strong test conditions in place,
participants reported discrete expression-congruent changes in emotional experience. Participants’ Corrugator supercilii facial muscle activity immediately following the presentation of an emotional expression appeared to reflect expressive congruence
with the observed expression and a response indicative of the amount of cognitive load necessary to interpret the observed
expression. The complexity of the C. supercilii response suggests caution in using facial muscle activity as a nonverbal measure of emotional contagion.
相似文献
David H. ZaldEmail: |
16.
Mimi Schippers 《Theory and Society》2007,36(1):85-102
R. W. Connell’s path-breaking notion of multiple masculinities (Connell, 1995) and hegemonic masculinity (Connell, 1987, 1995) have been taken up as central constructs in the sociology of gender. Although there has been a great deal of empirical research
and theory published that has built upon and utilized Connell’s concepts, an adequate conceptualization of hegemonic femininity
and multiple femininities has not yet been developed. To redress this, the author presents a theoretical framework that builds
upon the insights of Connell and others, offers a definition of hegemonic masculinity and hegemonic femininity that allows
for multiple configurations within each, and that can be used empirically across settings and groups. The author also outlines
how hegemonic masculinity and hegemonic femininity are implicated in and intersect with other systems of inequality such as
class, race, and ethnicity.
Mimi Schippers Is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Women’s Studies at Tulane University. The general focus of her research is the embodiment and interactional production of gender and sexuality in everyday life and culture. She is particularly interested in theorizing the links between embodiment, identities, meanings, and interaction and broader relations of inequality. She is currently writing a book in which she compares gay, lesbian, and straight bars in Chicago and Paris to identify culturally specific ways in which public settings are hetero-sexualized through embodiment, interaction, and the control of space. Her current research includes an ethnography of a street corner in New Orleans where the highly eroticized, straight bars of Bourbon Street end and the gay bars begin. She is author of Rockin’ Out of the Box: Gender Maneuvering in Alternative Hard Rock. Rutgers University Press, 2002. 相似文献
Mimi SchippersEmail: |
Mimi Schippers Is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Women’s Studies at Tulane University. The general focus of her research is the embodiment and interactional production of gender and sexuality in everyday life and culture. She is particularly interested in theorizing the links between embodiment, identities, meanings, and interaction and broader relations of inequality. She is currently writing a book in which she compares gay, lesbian, and straight bars in Chicago and Paris to identify culturally specific ways in which public settings are hetero-sexualized through embodiment, interaction, and the control of space. Her current research includes an ethnography of a street corner in New Orleans where the highly eroticized, straight bars of Bourbon Street end and the gay bars begin. She is author of Rockin’ Out of the Box: Gender Maneuvering in Alternative Hard Rock. Rutgers University Press, 2002. 相似文献
17.
The Proxy Effect: Gender and Gambling Problem Trajectories of Iowa Gambling Treatment Program Participants 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Nelson SE Laplante DA Labrie RA Shaffer HJ 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(2):221-240
Recent research has found that men and women who end up in gambling treatment tend to follow different trajectories to that endpoint: women generally begin gambling later in life, but progress to problems and seek treatment more quickly. With women’s prevalence rates of gambling and disordered gambling increasing, it has become important to identify the causes and consequences of these trajectory differences. The current study used a sample of 2,256 gamblers enrolled in the Iowa Gambling Treatment Program to examine the relationship of gender and other demographic, economic and health-related (i.e., psychosocial) factors to empirically-identified gambling problem trajectories. The results indicated that gender made a statistically significant contribution to the prediction of trajectory, but increased predictive accuracy by only 1–2% beyond a model with psychosocial predictors. Gender’s contribution was limited to its relationship to age of initiation; men and women’s problem progression did not differ meaningfully once age of gambling initiation was taken into account. Gender is a unique contributor to the development of gambling problems among treatment seekers, but it is only one small part of the myriad psychosocial characteristics that influence gambling problem development.
相似文献
Sarah E. NelsonEmail: |
18.
Parental religiosity and daughters’ fertility: the case of Catholics in southern Europe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Preferences, including preferences for children, are shaped during the formative years of childhood. It is therefore essential
to include exposure to religious practice during childhood in an attempt to establish a link between religiosity and fertility.
This path has not been explored in the documented literature that looks at the relationship between current religiosity and fertility. The International Social Survey Programme: Religion II (ISSP) provides the data base. It includes information
on maternal/paternal/own mass participation when the respondent was a child (nine levels each), as well as on his current
churchgoing (six levels) and prayer habits (eleven levels). These variables are included as explanatory variables in ‘fertility
equations’ that explain the number of children of Catholic women in Spain and Italy. The core findings are that exposure to
religiosity during the formative years of childhood, has a pronounced effect on women’s ‘taste for children’ that later on
translates into the number of her offspring. In Spain, the two parents have major opposite effects on women. Most striking
is the negative effect of the mother’s intensity of church attendance on her daughter’s fertility: Women who were raised by
an intensively practicing mother have on average one child less that their counterparts who were raised by a less religious
mother. On the other hand, an intensively practicing father encourages the daughter to have more children (by about 0.8, on
average). The Italian sample confirms the statistically significant negative effect of the mother’s religiosity. The father’s
religious conduct has apparently no effect on Italian women’s birth rates. Current religiosity seems to be irrelevant, both
in Spain and in Italy. It follows that religiosity and fertility are interrelated but the mechanism is probably different
from the simplistic causality that is suggested in the literature.
相似文献
Shoshana NeumanEmail: |
19.
Vice Careers: The Changing Contours of Sex Work in New York City 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
In the mid-1990s, changes to law enforcement strategies in New York City pushed many women working in the sex trade off of the streets and into the indoors. Increasing numbers of women began advertising sexual services in bars, over the Internet, and in print media, and conducting their work in their homes, hotels, and brothels. This study uses in-depth interviews and participant observation to examine the impact of this change on the life and work of women working in New York’s indoor sex trade. A critical finding is that as women move their work indoors, they begin to conceive of sex work as a profession and a career, rather than just a short-term means of employment. This “professional and careerist orientation” may have significant implications for the length of women’s tenure in sex work and ultimately, for their ability to exit the trade completely.
相似文献
Alexandra K. MurphyEmail: |
20.
Close to Home: A Simultaneous Equations Model of the Relationship Between Child Care Accessibility and Female Labor Force Participation 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Rising rates of maternal employment among current and former welfare recipients have increased the use of non-parental child
care. Little empirical work examines the relationship between women’s labor supply and the geographic supply of child care.
We combine census data with child care provider information for the state of Maryland to explore the relationship between
female labor supply and the geographic supply of child care. OLS and 3-SLS equations are estimated, and the findings are consistent
across each estimator: Women’s labor supply is sensitive to the geographic supply of child care and vice versa. These results
are important because states now spend significant money on quality improvement initiatives, many of which increase child
care supply in low-income neighborhoods.
相似文献
Burt S. BarnowEmail: |