日本的壮族史研究动态

以往日本对中国的民族及民族史的研究,主要是以北方、东北方的民族和西部的民族为对象。关于西部民族史的研究,重点则放在与东西文化交流或称为“丝绸之路”有关的西域史和藏族史上。这些研究很早就盛行并形成了一个领域。     

蒙古篾儿乞部族源考述

中国古代北方民族,迄唐、宋为止,东胡系与突厥系居地接壤,交错分布,因此杂居、融合是常见的历史现象,尤其是东胡系民族走出兴安岭向西迁徙,成为我国北方民族历史上具有规律性重复性的一个历史景观。但是,关于通古斯系民族,按传统看法,由于有一个南北绵延数千里的天然屏障兴安岭的横亘,它除了与南面的中原王朝和东邻的高丽王朝交往甚多以外,与其西部的大漠南北草原部族,则大有“老死不相往来”之相。事实上,通古斯系民族向西迁徙也是很常见的历史事实。本文认为辽金时期迄13世纪初,在蒙古草原活跃的著名的篾儿乞部人在族源上应包含有众多的西迁人之后裔。     

国内黑水靺鞨研究综述

崛起于白山黑水之间的黑水靺鞨,为靺鞨七部之一,五代时改称女真,并两度缔造了逐鹿中原的帝国王朝,因而黑水靺鞨研究不仅成为东北民族史的重要内容,也是研究中原同周边民族关系史的关键。本文旨在概括目前国内有关黑水靺鞨民族源流、地理分布、政治、经济、风俗文化、考古发现等各方面的研究状况,并简要评述我国黑水靺鞨研究现状。     

近三十年辽金史若干问题研究

辽金是以我国北方民族契丹、女真为主建立的两个王朝,在中国历史发展中占有重要地位。辽金时期各族人民对开发北方、加强北方同中原的经济文化联系,促进我国统一多民族国家的形成,起了很大作用。因此,我们应当重视对这一时期历史的研究。 为了便于大家了解辽金史研究现状,推动学术研究的深入开展,我们对建国以来国内辽金史研究,作如下概述。     

土司文化:民族史研究不能忽略的领域

文章对我国民族史研究的取向进行了探讨,提出中国民族史研究专门化的主张,认为土司文化是中国民族史研究中不能忽略的领域,民族史研究虽然摆脱了中原王朝史框架,但不能回避国家政治的历史,运用历史的政治人类学方法,民族史学可以在诸多领域实现与土司学的对接和转换.     

论宋夏争夺西北少数民族的斗争

本文所要讲的西北地区,系指北宋政和元年所划分的政区永兴军路、秦风路和河东路西北部及西夏全境.这个地区在祖国历史上占有十分重要的地位.秦陇自周秦以降至唐中叶是中原统一王朝的政治重心所在.河西、河湟及银川平原之地,水草丰美,土地肥沃,自古即为各游牧部族驰逐往来的场所,也是中原王朝屯田畜牧和军马供给的重要基地.特别是汉唐以来该地区成为东西方贸易的集散地,亦即丝绸之路的必经通道.同时它又是蒙古高原游牧民族与西南民族联合的接合部.所以该地区一向为中原王朝与北方少数民族政权所必争.     

中国少数民族政权的产生和性质

民族政权是少数民族经济、文化发展的必然产物,它的形成具有多方面的因素。民族政权的性质因时代和与中原王朝的关系而不同,并且处于不停的变化之中,总的趋势是和中原王朝的联系越来越紧密,由独立政权经结盟政权向藩属政权转化。     

试论元朝的建立对蒙古民族形成和发展的历史贡献

蒙古民族的形成是一个长期的历史过程。成吉思汗统一草原各部，建立蒙古帝国，标志着蒙古民族的初步形成。但是蒙古帝国是一个以分散的流动的游牧业为经济基础的草原国家，这决定了蒙古帝国政权的不稳定，很容易像匈奴、突厥等游牧国家那样瓦解，这对刚刚形成的蒙古民族的生存和发展是不利的；而以稳定的农耕经济为基础的元朝的建立，不仅为蒙古民族共同体的巩固发挥了巨大的作用，而且也为之增添了许多新的内容，丰富了蒙古民族的内涵。元朝的建立对蒙古民族形成所起的历史作用，是我国中原王朝对北方游牧民族的兴起和发展产生巨大影响的一个典型事例。很多北方游牧民族的崛起，就是中原文化影响的结果，而他们入主中原，建立政权，更是得助于中原又化的支撑，他们依靠游牧文化打天下，而利用中原文化治天下，客观上促进了现今统一多民族国家中国的形成。从这个意义上来说；中国古代农牧文化的结合、中国古代农牧民族的碰撞；是推进中国统一多民族国家形成的最根本的历史原动力。     

少数民族古籍整理的成功之作——喜读《布洛陀经诗译注》

最近十几年,民族研究的重要收藏之一,是一批少数民族文字古籍已引起了研究者的关注,史料范围的视野已经过去单纯依靠汉文文献,扩大到尽可能吸收少数民族古籍整理的成果。 从小学时开始,我比较偏重学习北方民族史,近年来从事中国民族关系史的研究与教学,不得不努力学习与吸收献方民族史、志及南方民族古籍整理的研究成果,以辅自己知识之不足。壮族,不仅是古越人苗裔中人口最多的民族,也是全国各少数民族中人口最多的民族,关于壮族的历史与文化,自然成为我近年用心去学习的领域之一。     

试论中国土司国家认同的实质

元明清等朝创设和实施土司制度,使中国西南等民族地区和各族土民经历数百年的土司政治,对国家权力渗延与乡村社会管控、王朝社稷稳固与国家领土完整、中华民族形成与少数民族进步、民族地区发展与民族文化变迁等深具影响.各族土司为保有自身统治利益,在与中央政府的利益博弈中,其国家认同的实质是:认同、亲附华夏—汉民族,传承、实践历代王朝积淀的制度文明,拱卫王朝社稷和顺附强势王权,传播、共享中原文化.     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

Refugees,migrants, neither,both: categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

The use of the categories ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ to differentiate between those on the move and the legitimacy, or otherwise, of their claims to international protection has featured strongly during Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and has been used to justify policies of exclusion and containment. Drawing on interviews with 215 people who crossed the Mediterranean to Greece in 2015, our paper challenges this ‘categorical fetishism’, arguing that the dominant categories fail to capture adequately the complex relationship between political, social and economic drivers of migration or their shifting significance for individuals over time and space. As such it builds upon a substantial body of academic literature demonstrating a disjuncture between conceptual and policy categories and the lived experiences of those on the move. However, the paper is also critical of efforts to foreground or privilege ‘refugees’ over ‘migrants’ arguing that this reinforces rather than challenges the dichotomy’s faulty foundations. Rather those concerned about the use of categories to marginalise and exclude should explicitly engage with the politics of bounding, that is to say, the process by which categories are constructed, the purpose they serve and their consequences, in order to denaturalise their use as a mechanism to distinguish, divide and discriminate.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

伊斯兰学者刘智的"元气"与日本儒者伊藤仁斋的"一元气"思想——朱子学"理"、"气"学说的批判与重构

在"文明间对话"被各国学界极为重视的当代,特别值得关注与研究的是,17-18世纪的回儒学与日本德川儒学之间的具有价值和意义的对话.刘智和伊藤仁斋是同时代不同文化背景的两位思想大师,同时受到朱子学影响,并吸收融合而产生出自己独特的思想体系.本文将探讨这两位思想家对朱子学"理"、"气"思想的重构特色.进一步想说明,不同文化...     

羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系考察研究

岷江上游羌族宗教信仰是多元混杂的,导致这种现象的产生,既有历史的因素,又有现实的因素.历史的因素可追溯到古羌人时代,从那里我们可寻羌族宗教信仰之渊源的一些踪迹;现实的因素可从羌族地处藏彝走廊,受汉藏文化影响的现状中去采撷一些实际的表现.本文拟就羌族原始宗教信仰中的藏文化因子,羌族天神信仰与藏族民间宗教信仰的渊源,羌族和藏族有关人类起源传说的相似与区分,羌族原始宗教信仰与佛教文化的糅合等方面对羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系作一较为深入的考察分析.