中小企业人才消费的“小本经营”

在通胀压力下,建立经济实用的人才消费机制,立足“小本经营”,科学配置人力资源,以降低人力成本,是中小企业面临的实际问题。招聘人才——实用为要有的中小企业打肿脸充胖子,在招聘人才时动辄打出 “非硕士、博士不聘”的广告，把好多经济实用的人才拒之门外。     

浅析中小企业如何吸引人才

在中小企业的生存与发展过程中,人才起着关键的作用。大企业可以凭其名气和雄厚的实力吸引各种人才,而名气和资源都比较小的中小企业,如何吸引人才便成为经营者十分关心的问题。笔者根据中小企业的特点,从如下几方面浅析中小企业吸引人才的策略。     

中小企业如何降低人才风险

【案例】小公司的烦恼 某中关村IT公司,为了补充技术后备力量,招聘了一名计算机专业的应届生。公司安排技术总监作为其导师,又外派出去学习“红帽”等技术,经过一年多的培养,该员工已能独当一面,公司和客户对其都比较认可。工资从最初的1500元／月提高到了4000元／月。     

中小企业应重视核心人才的管理

先进企业的经验表明,企业的竞争力主要取决于占企业职工人数10%左右的核心人才,世界性先进企业早已把人力资源管理的中心转移到核心人才管理中。而我国企业特别是中小企业,还没有建立核心人才管理体系,这是提高企业竞争力的重要制约因素。     

消费时代的"网络名人"

我们所面临的世界正日益进入一个全新的时代--新媒体时代.科学技术正对新的传播方式进行着巨大的革命,新的传播方式正在对社会发展及人的观念、行为、生活方式等起着巨大的影响作用.这里面首当其中的是对全球信息传播有着巨大作用和影响力的互联网,即人们常说的"第四媒体"、"网络媒体".撇开已经成为部分人生活常态的网络聊天、交友、购物,仅近两年兴起的"网络名人"--从木子美、"流氓燕"到"芙蓉姐姐",再到最近红得发紫的"天仙妹妹",就不得不引起我们的重视和思考了.     

我国中小企业人才管理对策思考

中小企业无论是在发达的工业化国家,还是在新兴的发展中国家和地区的国民经济中都起着不可忽视的作用。中小企业是企业中的绝大多数,虽然每个企业提供的产值和工作机会有限,但作为总体它具有极强的就业吸纳能力,也是社会产值的重要创造者。研究中小企业的人才管理问题,对我国国民经济的发展具有重要意义。     

质疑"人才高消费"

当前,许多企业在用人上有一种非正常的现象:明明只需要技术工人的岗位,却偏偏用大学毕业生;只需要本科毕业生的岗位,却非硕士、博士不用。在一些经济效益好,尤其是靠着行业垄断而财大气粗的企业,更是把“人才高消费”发挥到了极致。这就好比本来在楼下的食品店用2块钱买到的酱油,非要开车去燕莎购物中心花10块钱买来,在小吃店花1块钱能喝到的小米粥,非要打的到北京饭店花10块钱喝一样,人们把人才市场上的这种现象形象地称作“人才高消费”。     

知识失业的人才"黑洞"

令人尴尬的高知识群体失业现象 改革开放以来,我国的失业现象经历了一个隐性失业显性化的过程.过去计划经济体制下企事业单位大量的人员臃肿、人浮于事的问题,在市场化的改革过程中开始逐渐地显露出来.随着企事业单位改革力度的不断加强,我国的失业问题开始变得日益严重.     

A MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SUBSIDIES IN A SMALL OPEN ECONOMY

We construct a dynamic model of a small open economy to analyze the effects of large energy subsidies. The model includes domestic energy production and consumption, trade in energy at world market prices, as well as private and public sector production. The model is calibrated to Egypt and used to study reforms such as reductions in energy subsidies with corresponding reductions in various tax instruments or increases in infrastructure investment. We calculate the new steady states, transition paths to the new steady state, and the size of the associated welfare losses or gains. Our main results for a 15% cut in energy subsidies are: (1) Steady state gross domestic product drops in most of our experiments as less energy is used in production. (2) Steady state consumption rises in most of our experiments. (3) Welfare can rise by as much as 0.6% in consumption equivalent terms. (4) The largest gains in terms of output and of welfare can be obtained when savings from energy subsidy cuts are used to fund additional infrastructure investment. (JEL E21, E63, H55, J26, J45)     

CHANGING BUSINESS MODELS IN INTERNATIONAL BANK FUNDING

This paper investigates the foreign funding mix of globally active banks. Using BIS international banking statistics for a panel of 12 advanced economies, we detect a structural break in international bank funding at the onset of the great financial crisis. In their postbreak business model, banks rely less on cross‐border liabilities and, instead, tap funds from outside their jurisdictions by making more active use of their subsidiaries and branches, as well as interoffice accounts within the same banking group. (JEL C32, F65, G21)     

THE MONTE CARLO CYCLE IN BUSINESS ACTIVITY

NBER business"cycle" reference dates and aggregate economic time series are examined for evidence of regular cyclic behavior. A simple contingency table test is used on the reference dates, and aggregate series are fit with a second-order autoregression. The results are negative. Apparently the business "cycle" is an optical illusion or, as Irving Fisher called it, a "Monte Carlo cycle." These are the cycles superstitious gamblers believe govern their luck.     

RELATIONAL V-CODE CONDITIONS IN A CHILD AND ADOLESCENT POPULATION DO WARRANT TREATMENT

It is often argued that relational V-code conditions are less serious than classical psychiatric disorders, and that they should therefore receive lower clinical priority or diminished levels of treatment funding. Despite these common assertions, there have been virtually no studies that have used actual case data to evaluate whether such problems are in fact less serious and less worthy of treatment funding. We used actual case data from a universally funded child and family clinic to evaluate these questions. Results showed that both classical diagnoses and relational problems were significantly related to markers of clinical severity. As with previous research, family therapy was not differentially associated with a larger number of treatment sessions.     

DO MORAL COMMUNITIES PLAY A ROLE IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING? Evidence from Pennsylvania

Religion and social control have been a sociological concern since Durkheim and Weber, and the relationship between religion and punishment has long been the subject of speculation. However, surprisingly little empirical research exists on the role of religion or religious context in criminal justice, and almost no research on the role of religious context on actual sentencing practices. We conceptualize the potential relationships between religious context and sentencing severity by drawing from the focal concerns and court community perspectives in the sentencing literature and from the moral communities theory developed by Rodney Stark. We suspect that Christian moral communities might shape notions of perceived blameworthiness for court community actors. Such moral communities might also affect notions of community protection—affecting perceptions of dangerousness, or perhaps rehabilitation, and might influence practical constraints/consequences (e.g., local political ramifications of harsh or lenient sentences). We examine these questions with a set of hierarchical models using sentencing data from Pennsylvania county courts and data on the religious composition of Pennsylvania counties from the Associated Religion Data Archives. We find that county Christian religious homogeneity increases the likelihood of incarceration. In addition, Christian homogeneity, as well as the prevalence of civically engaged denominations in a county condition the effects of important legally relevant determinants of incarceration. Furthermore, we find evidence that Christian homogeneity activates the effect of local Republican electoral dominance on incarceration. We argue that Christian homogeneity affects sentencing practices primarily through local political processes that shape the election of judges and prosecutors.     

RECESSIONS AND RECOVERIES IN REAL BUSINESS CYCLE MODELS

We evaluate the ability of a simple real business cycle model to generate business cycles in the classical NBER sense of the term, where recessions are periods of absolute declines in economic activity. We use the "phase" classification of Burns and Mitchell [1946] to determine the "shape" of the business cycle and to look for asymmetries between expansions and contractions. We show that such a model can generate business cycles of plausible duration and depth, but cannot match the actual "Shape" of the business cycle. Nonlinear models, such as Friedman's [1993] "plucking" model may more closely match the observed shape.     

POLITICAL BUSINESS CYCLES IN THE NEW KEYNESIAN MODEL

This paper tests various political business cycle theories in a New Keynesian model with a monetary and fiscal policy mix. All the policy coefficients, the target levels of inflation and the budget deficit, the firms' frequency of price setting, and the standard deviations of the structural shocks are allowed to depend on “political” regimes: a preelection versus postelection regime, a regime that depends on whether the president (or the Fed chairman) is a Democrat or a Republican, and a regime under which the president and the Fed chairman share party affiliation in preelection quarters or not. The results provide evidence that several coefficients are influenced by political variables. The best‐fitting specification, in fact, is one that allows coefficients to vary according to a regime that depends on whether the economy is in the few quarters before a presidential election or not. Monetary policy becomes considerably more inertial before elections and fiscal policy deviations from a simple rule are more common. There is some evidence that policies become more expansionary before elections, but this evidence disappears for monetary policy in the post‐1985 sample. (JEL C11, D72, E32, E52, E58, E63)