旨在维护家庭功能的家庭政策探索

当今中国急剧的社会变迁增加了个体的流动性,而家庭为个体提供福利的功能也在减弱,分析我国现行的家庭政策在支持家庭增强福利提供功能方面政策指向不明确,建议建立以维护家庭功能为主旨的由家庭经济安全保障和家庭福利服务为主要内容的家庭政策体系。     

家庭变迁背景下家庭功能的现况与问题--以南京市为例

在经济社会变迁的过程中,中国家庭规模不断缩小、家庭结构逐渐简化、传统家庭功能趋于弱化。本文对南京市部分家庭进行问卷调查,了解其家庭功能情况,具体表现为家庭经济功能不断增强、情感支持功能依然发挥巨大作用,家庭养老功能面临压力,而家庭教育功能有所分化。     

天津市儿童福利院 构建家庭寄养配套服务体系

开展家庭寄养工作既是满足孤残儿童身心发展的需要,也是“以人为本”的儿童福利事业改革与发展的必然结果。为了保证家庭寄养工作在高平台上持续发展,天津市儿童福利院自2000年开始探讨孤残儿童家庭寄养的配套服务体系——五级网络管理体系,家长功能支持保障体系,家庭寄养专业评估体系,特殊教育体系,康复训练、指导、培训综合体系。其配套服务体系的运行在维护寄养儿童的合法权益,满足寄养家长的需求方面发挥了重要作用。     

我国家庭结构的变迁对农村养老模式的影响

传统的大家庭是家庭养老的基石,可是转型时期的中国家庭发生了裂变:传统家庭结构分化,家庭规模趋向小型,联合大家庭解体,核心家庭占主体。这些变化使得传统的家庭养老模式受到挑战,尤其在承载了中国约75%的老年人口的农村,如何有效缓解由农村家庭结构变迁对传统家庭养老保障带来的冲击,显得尤为重要。     

家庭建设视角下的公共政策问题探析

基于中国现有公共政策存在的制度性缺陷,社会福利政策在家庭价值取向上摇摆不定,研究以提高家庭发展能力为目标,在提高家庭生存发展能力、福利保障能力、平等和谐能力三个层次,以及显性家庭政策、家庭公共政策两个维度,进行与家庭建设相关的人口生育政策、公用事业政策、住宅购房政策、就业保障政策、个人所得税制等方面的政策研究,并提出设立社会医疗保险家庭账户、有效落实随迁老人政策配套、注重家庭养老的全社会支持、女职工职业中断的劳动权益保护等方面的政策措施。     

构筑家庭照料者社会支持体系

在拥有家庭养老传统的中国社会,以成年子女为主的家庭成员一直是老年长期照料的主要力量。尽管家庭照料模式正在受到人口老龄化、城市化进程和家庭结构转变等社会现象的剧烈冲击,但家庭依然是老年人的主要照料来源,为国家节省了大量长期照料开支。与此同时,家庭成员在照料老年人的过程中也面临着极大的挑战,     

家庭结构变迁对养老模式的影响

随着市场经济体制改革的不断深入,计划生育政策的持续推进,传统的家庭结构发生了很大变化,人口老龄化日趋明显,家庭养老的压力越来越大,这迫切要求为养老寻求一种新的途径。因此,从我国当前实际出发,应当将家庭养老、社会养老和社区养老结合起来,形成多层次、多样化的养老保障体系,这是我国养老模式转型的现实选择。     

OECD国家家庭福利政策实践与启示

家庭福利政策作为OECD国家政策体系的有机组成部分,在稳定家庭功能、提高家庭福祉等方面发挥了重要作用。税收优惠是国外家庭福利供给的主要手段,美国近一半的家庭福利、日本近40%的家庭福利来自税收优惠。在经济体制深刻变革、社会结构深刻变动、利益格局深刻调整、思想观念深刻变化的形势下,我国传统家庭功能正在经受严重冲击,家庭互助、家庭照料、社会融合等婚姻家庭新问题不断凸显。文中系统梳理近20个OECD国家的家庭税收优惠措施,提出在我国工薪所得税中率先探索家庭税收优惠政策,提高家庭发展能力。     

社会转型对上海家庭结构的影响－－对500个家庭的入户调查

本文在抽样调查的基础上 ,从家庭的结构与功能发挥两个层面探讨了社会结构变迁与上海家庭制度的相互作用。指出上海家庭制度的变迁不仅受制于社会结构的变迁 ,它还有自身的自主性 ,其演变的路径在一定程度上仍然按照其内在固有的逻辑延伸 ;尽管市场化改革已经引发了上海社会的整体性变迁 ,但是 ,传统中国家庭制度的一些基本原则在上海仍没有发生根本的改变。     

现代日本家庭形态与功能变化分析

近年来,日本少子老龄化现象的急速加剧,使其迎来了真正意义上的人口减少时代。人口数量的变化与作为社会细胞的家庭有着极为密切的关系。家庭制度及其结构、功能的变化不仅影响着个人成长,也对社会、经济发展产生着不可估量的作用。通过对日本现代家庭形态和功能的变化的研究以及引起功能变化的原因分析,可以为我国即将迎来的少子老龄化时代发挥借鉴作用。     

关于家庭性的几点思考

家庭及家庭关系的形成和发展使人有了家庭性。家庭性是家庭及家庭关系在人身上的体现和反映,它包括两个方面家庭行为和家庭精神;五个层次性关系婚姻化、人际关系伦理化、血缘关系亲属化、消费家庭化、家庭关系泛化。家庭性有四个特点第二获得性、二重性、普遍性、永恒性。家庭性是人和动物的根本区别之一。     

Marital Conflict, Child Emotional Security about Family Relationships and Child Adjustment

Addressing a gap in process‐oriented understanding of relations between marital conflict and children's adjustment, propositions of the emotional security hypothesis from a family‐wide perspective were tested in a longitudinal research design. Participants were 181 families and their 11–12 year‐old‐child (115 boys, 76 girls) living in Wales, in the United Kingdom. Relations between marital conflict, children's emotional security about marital conflict and parenting, respectively, and children's adjustment were assessed based on reports by mothers, fathers, and children and videotaped analogue procedures completed by children. Structural equation modelling indicated that children's emotional security about interparental conflict (emotional regulation, cognitive representations and behavioural regulation) mediated the relation between marital conflict and children's security about parenting. Processes pertaining to children's security in multiple family systems (i.e., interparental and parent–child) provided an indirect mechanism through which interparental conflict affected children's symptoms of psychological distress (internalising and externalising problems) assessed 12 months later. Future directions for further tests of comprehensive, theoretically based models for the effects of marital conflict on children are discussed.     

Maternal Religiosity,Family Resources and Stressors,and Parent–Child Attachment Security in Northern Ireland

This study explores the associations between mothers' religiosity, and families' and children's functioning in a stratified random sample of 695 Catholic and Protestant mother–child dyads in socially deprived areas in Belfast, Northern Ireland, a region which has experienced centuries of sectarian conflict between Protestant Unionists and Catholics Nationalists. Findings based on mother and child surveys indicated that even in this context of historical political violence associated with religious affiliation, mothers' religiosity played a consistently positive role, including associations with multiple indicators of better family functioning (i.e., more cohesion and behavioral control and less conflict, psychological distress, and adjustment problems) and greater parent–child attachment security. Mothers' religiosity also moderated the association between parent–child attachment security and family resources and family stressors, enhancing positive effects of cohesion and mother behavioral control on mother–child attachment security, and providing protection against risks associated with mothers' psychological distress. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for understanding the role of religiosity in serving as a protective or risk factor for children and families.     

家族企业的成因分析

家族企业在中国大陆和海外华人企业中广泛存在着 ,中国传统社会的家族制度和家文化传统以及长期以来中国私营经济的少数派地位对我国家族企业的形成起到了决定性的影响。家族企业的产生有它的社会、历史条件和文化背景 ,家族企业这种古老而常新的企业组织形式将有助于促进家族企业和中国私营经济的发展     

'Everyone Started Shouting': Making Connections between the Process of Family Group Conferences and Family Therapy Practice

This article presents findings from a qualitative study of familygroup conferences (FGCs) in Wales, UK. The study examined theprocess of seventeen FGCs involving twenty-five young people,using semi-structured interviews, analysis of documents andcollection of data on welfare outcomes. Young people were re-interviewedafter six months. The article focuses on the data concerningreported communications between family members during the familymeetings. These data are discussed in relation to similaritiesand differences between FGCs and family therapy sessions. Theauthors conclude that each method of intervention presents potentiallessons and challenges to the other. FGC co-ordinators mightwish to reflect on how to manage and prepare family membersfor the potential for expressions of emotion and disclosuresof confidential information that might arise in a family meeting.Family therapy has a long history of successfully working withsuch processes. Additionally, family therapists may wish toreflect on the successful management of intra-familiar conflictand disclosure by many families acting without a therapist orother professional present in a FGC.     

"家族理性"与家族企业治理的几个问题

"家族理性"是以家族及其事业的整体荣誉、整体利益最大化和稳定发展为最高价值取向而支配人去思考、推理、判断、行事的心理认知结构。家族理性与个人理性、集体理性不同,是基于传统文化背景对个人理性的超越。中国社会家族企业治理中所存在的问题,如产权问题、信用问题、治理结构等,运用家族理性的概念和理论能够得到合理的解释。     

Motivations and Family Functioning of Foster Families in Italy

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper was to investigate foster family care to better understand this unique care-giving context. The research objective was to understand motivation, family functioning, and individual attachment styles in foster families. Participants were 33 foster parents who completed a questionnaire that included the motivations for choosing foster care, the relationship with the birth family and with social service workers, a measure of family functioning and adult attachment. The motivations for becoming a foster family were very different between families with a birth child and families without a birth child. The results showed that for the foster mother, the relationship with the birth family constituted a very critical element of the fostering experience. The same trend emerged in the relationship with the minor. The results showed that foster families were cohesive and expressive. With respect to attachment style, foster parents had lower scores than a normative sample on the discomfort with closeness, the tendency to consider relationships as secondary and the need for approval subscales. These results have implications for the practices of social work for foster family support and developing a shared commitment to the needs of the foster family in terms of both resources and weaknesses.     

The Family Contexts of Gender Development in Childhood and Adolescence

We review research on the family's role in gender development during childhood and adolescence. Our discussion highlights children's dyadic family relationship experiences with their parents and siblings; additionally, we describe ways in which the larger system of family relationships, including gendered dynamics in the marriage and the differential family experiences of sisters versus brothers may have implications for gender development. We also emphasize the significance of contextual factors—ranging from situational demands and affordances to forces emanating from the larger social ecology—in family gender socialization. We conclude that family experiences may have a more important impact on gender development than has previously been believed, and we highlight directions for future study. These include: (1) applying more complex models of parent socialization and family dynamics to the study of the family's role in gender development; (2) expanding on research directed at the socialization of sex differences to study how family dynamics are linked to individual differences in girls’ and boys’ gendered qualities and behaviors; and (3) further exploring how contextual factors exert an impact on gender socialization in the family.     

论家庭道德环境对个体道德的影响

家庭道德环境是和家庭成员的道德活动紧密相关又对家庭道德发展变迁起着熏陶作用的各种人文条件的总和。家庭道德环境对个体道德的影响是直接的、长期的、潜移默化的。融洽的亲情氛围、家长良好的文化道德修养以及长幼有别、民主平等的新型伦理关系都对良好个体道德的形成起着关键作用。