苗族传统生态文化及其现代价值探析

生态文化是“指人类处理人与自然以及由此引发的人与人关系的基本立场、观点和方法，是在这种立场、观点和方法指导下人类活动所取得的积极成果的总和”。广义的生态文化不仅要追求人与自然的和谐共存，还必须探讨人与人之间的关系，追求人与人、人与社会的和谐。本文所探讨的苗族传统生态文化，即属于广义生态文化的范畴。     

苗族传统生态文化及其现代价值探析

生态文化是“指人类处理人与自然以及由此引发的人与人关系的基本立场、观点和方法，是在这种立场、观点和方法指导下人类活动所取得的积极成果的总和”。广义的生态文化不仅要追求人与自然的和谐共存，还必须探讨人与人之间的关系，追求人与人、人与社会的和谐。本文所探讨的苗族传统生态文化，即属于广义生态文化的范畴。     

回族文化中的生态价值研究——以宁夏南部山区为例

生态环境问题从根本上说是人及其文化与自然的关系问题.文化是人类适应环境的产物,其中必然包含着人们如何看待自身所处环境、如何处理人与自然环境关系的种种经验和知识.本文以宁夏南部山区为例,在对本地区生态环境现状认识的基础上,对该地区回族文化体系中所蕴含的生态价值观念、生态经验和生态智慧等进行梳理和分析,进而提出借助文化资源治理本地区生态环境的对策建议,以期对文化与环境关系问题的学术讨论及回族聚居区生态环境治理实践有所裨益.     

生态现代化与和谐社会的构建

人的发展是一种全面的发展,生态现代化正是基于"人"的发展诉求而提出的科学发展.工业现代化由于片面追求经济的增长.不仅导致人类赖以生存的生态环境出现危机,造成人与自然不和谐;同时技术、理性在给人们带来物质利益的同时也造成了人的异化.生态现代化不仅仅是经济的现代化、生态的现代化,更是人的现代化.生态现代化要求在处理人与自然、人与经济、人与社会的各种关系中树立生态学的意识,促进人类社会的和谐发展.     

长生天 道自然——蒙古族传统生态意识对草原生态可持续发展的启示

环境问题已成为当今世界亟需解决的难题,尤其是全球变暖、草原沙漠化、沙尘暴等。为此各国都在探寻各种方法,纷纷采取措施,遏制环境进一步恶化。环境问题归根结底就是人的发展未能与自然环境达到和谐所产生的问题,解决环境问题就是解决人与自然和谐发展的问题。因此,蒙古族"人与自然和谐相处"的生态核心价值观对草原生态可持续发展无疑具有启示作用。     

乡村振兴视域下少数民族体育文化传承与创新路径

在民族传统体育历史的发展过程中，少数民族背负着对自身、人与人、人与社会、人与自然的独特思考，生态伦理作为人与自然的道德规范，也是人类生态智慧的结晶。在生态文明建设中促进民族传统体育的生态发展。从文化发展的角度解读体育生态伦理，实际上从新的视角挖掘传统体育现代功能的深层，是对传统体育资源的开发和传承的补充。它促使人类重新审视自己的自然生态条件，从自身体育行为的生理和心理方面做出科学选择，为少数民族传统体育文化的现代传承和发展开辟新的道路。     

马克思恩格斯生态文明思想对建设美丽中国的启示

马克思恩格斯生态文明思想的核心是人与自然协调发展,强调劳动是实现人与自然之间物质转换的中介,通过实践达到"人的自然化"与"自然的人化"。中国共产党建设美丽中国的战略构想与马克思、恩格斯生态文明思想一脉相承。马克思恩格斯生态文明思想的启示意义在于建设美丽中国应在更新思想观念、加快转变经济发展和加强制度建设三个方面着力,走科学发展之路。     

满族生态伦理学探析

满族在日常生产、社会生活、宗教祭祀等不同发展层面,能够正确处理好人与自然、人与社会以及人与人之间的和谐互动关系,尤其在资源的有效利用和合理开发上体现出适度节制的可持续发展理念。以生态伦理学为研究视角从满族生活的不同剖面进行深入解析,特别是对内植于生态伦理学背后的文化现象予以高度关注,以便为我国少数民族生态伦理学研究提供可资借鉴的文化元素。     

"绿色和谐"视野下的蒙古族生态文化

绿色和谐理念是一种新的哲学观,追求人与人、人与自然和人自身的和谐发展,因而为可持续发展提供了理论支持.在此视野下,人与人、人与自然及整个宇宙之间都处于一种现代生态学的观照之中.蒙古族的生态文化是从古代蒙古族所从事的游牧和狩猎的生产和生活的实践中产生并发展起来的,运用绿色和谐理念的相关理论对其进行探讨,可以使我们对蒙古族生态文化有一个更为全面、清新、深刻的认识.     

新时期云南少数民族女作家小说创作生态审美探析

云南独特的自然生态环境铸就了少数民族女性作家强烈的自然审美感受，在新时期的小说创作中少数民族女作家们以独特的女性生命体验，对人与自然、人与社会、人与人的关系进行了反思，对边地女同胞给予了深切的人文关怀，通过自然、女性的书写，表达了强烈的人与自然、人与社会和谐理想的内心诉求。在文学书写中从民族文化的根系上寻找摆脱生态困境的出路，建构诗意栖居的生态家园。     

回族舞蹈语言的传承与创新

在对回族舞蹈语言的挖掘与提炼、整理与改编的基础上,对回族舞蹈语言的表现形式与内涵、以及与其他民族舞蹈兼容并蓄的关系进行了阐述,提出回族舞蹈语言的发展重在探索、重在创新,舞蹈是由情而生,舞蹈要倾情而做。从回族舞蹈发展进程中显示这样一个道理：深厚的历史文化积淀、良好的生态环境固然重要,但造就一批有传承能力和创新能力的舞蹈人才则更加重要。     

蒙古族信仰习俗与生态观浅议

本文从蒙古族古老信仰和传统法律思想两个方面对蒙古族“天人合一”的朴素的生态观进行了分析。     

试探王岱舆对穆斯林妇女观的儒化建构

以往学术界,特别是回族学界对王岱舆的宇宙发生论、认主学等问题探讨较多,但较少对于其关于妇女的伦理思想加以讨论。本文拟在前人己有研究成果的基础上,对王岱舆的妇女伦理思想进行初步的考察分析,以展现其所建构的伊斯兰教妇女伦理体系,以及说明与中国传统伦理思想(本文主要涉及儒家伦理学说)中女性观的横向联系,在此基础上,来阐释伊斯兰教的女性观。     

新疆天山北坡绿洲生态与回族生计方式研究

本文从新疆天山北坡绿洲上一个较为典型的回族村落作为田野个案,以民族学、人类学理论探析回族生计方式的变迁与生态环境的互动关系。文章将从"多元生态环境及其特征"、"多元生态环境与回族生计方式"、"生态环境与民族生计方式的理论探索"三个方面分析、研究绿洲生态与回族生计方式之间"二维互动关系"。同时,本文将以人类学"文化适应"理论分析绿洲上回族在文化的调适下其生计方式在外在环境的影响下不断变迁的过程。     

宗教文化的生态和谐价值

人与自然的和谐相处是和谐社会的基本条件之一。在全球生态危机日益加剧、中国生态环境状况的整体恶化趋势仍在延续的状况下,越来越多的人们认识到,生态环境问题不只是由近现代工业飞跃式发展而引起的孤立性问题,而是与某些世界观、价值观和知识体系有着深刻联系的。在当代生态环境的保护与建设这一复杂的系统工程中,宗教文化能够在其中发挥积极作用。各种宗教关于仁爱万物、泽被草木的主张,人与自然和谐相处的思想以及对理想境界的描述等等,都表现出深刻的生态意识,促进着宗教活动的生态保护实践,并对树立和强化人们的生态保护理念具有积极启示意义。     

从民间文学看哈尼族的传统生态观

The Hani’s rich folk literature has preserved their traditional culture. Interpreting it from the perspective of ecological culture may lead us to the conclusion that the Hani’s traditional eco-logical understanding is that of a harmonious rela-tionship between man and nature. This ecological understanding is similar to that of other ethnic groups in Yunnan, such as the Bai, Dai, Wa, Yao, Naxi, Jingpo, Bulang, and other ethnic groups, which shows that this ecological under-standing is common across the Chinese nation. Meanwhile, this ecological understanding has an enlightening role for human beings to keep the eco-logical balance in the present day. This article tries to investigate the deep connection between the Hani’s folk literature and the natural ecology, and reveals the Hani’s traditional ecological under-standing. 1 . The Hani’s traditional ecological under-standing is revealed in their folk literature The Hani have no fairy tales in the strict sense, their literature is a kind of“universal litera-ture” enjoyed by both adults and children. Howev-er, the Hani’s folk literature also created a roman-tic world similar to that of fairy tales. This “fairy tale world” is just the world of nature reflected in the Hani’s literature. The typical characteristics of this world are harmony and happiness. In this har-monious and happy world, mountains are a para-dise for man and all other things on earth. In this paradise, man is only a part of nature, they are not the spirit or the core of the world. Man, animals and plants have their own places, and their own happiness. Meanwhile, they support each other, and have a common development. In a word, man and nature have a highly harmonious relationship. When environmental protection and ecological bal-ance become a common topic in today’s discourse, one can gain some insight by reading Hani fairy tales and legends. Therefore, digging out the eco-logical beauty from Hani folk literature still has a practical purpose. How then does Hani folk literature describe the relationship between man and nature? We find that the Hani folk literature is full of stories con-cerning how the animals and plants save mankind. Many works reflect this idea: if mankind had not been assisted by the animals and plants, it must have died out long ago, therefore, man should show his thanks to the animals by protecting them. Be-cause the animals and plants saved man’s life, and man knew to show his gratitude to them, the rela-tionship between man and nature is always good in the fairy tales, although they live in their own ways, they never disturb each other — they have a totally harmonious relationship. Moreover, man can even marry animals and have descendants with them. The harmonious relationship between man, animals and plants is a basic theme of the Hani folk literature, as well as a basic part of the Hani eco-logical understanding. The relationship between man, animals and plants reflects not only a friend-
ship, but a kind of family relation, because they can even become couples, although the couples can sometimes suddenly turn hostile — they may have disagreements or even come to blows. When this happens, the deities could help to solve the problem— this is another aspect which reflects a harmoni-ous relationship between man, animals and plants. In the Hani folk literature, the harmony be-tween man and nature is also reflected in the mutu-al assistance between man, animals and plants. In this kind of literature, man, animals and plants are always equal; they not only have a common goal and the same standards for good and evil, but also have a common language, with which man, animals and plants are able to negotiate with each other, help each other and reap their own rewards. 2 . The cultural sources of the Hani’s tradition-al ecological understanding Although literature is a creation of the writer, it reflects social life. The writers’ imaginings can-not be separated from the practicalities of place, and folk literature has its own particularity. Folk literature is created by several folk artists from gen-eration to generation. It might be a result from sev-eral people’s discussions during the creative process or when the work is passed down, hence, it is typically collective work and has typically mass characteristics. Although the individual plays a significant role in the creation of a work, the content of folk literature does not always reflect a single artist’s idea, but the idea of a group. There-fore, we say that the harmonious ecological under-standing reflected in the Hani literature actually re-flects an overall awareness of the Hani people. Why did the Hani form this kind of common awareness, then? We believe that it is decided by the Hani’s living environment and common cultural resources. Most Hani people live in the mountain-ous or semi-mountainous areas between Mt. Ailao and Mt. Mengle. The living environment partly in-fluences ideology. Because of the level of inacces-sability, and self -sufficient life style, communi-cation among the different Hani villages is rare,
however, what they see every day in their living ar-eas are mountains; therefore, their similar living environment leads them to have a similar under-standing of the mountains. The Hani are a “migrated ethnic group”. Their ancestors originally lived in the remote north. Due to natural and social causes, they moved south. Following the cultural development and improvement of natural conditions, their popu-lation gradually increased. After they stepped into the mountainous areas of Mt. Ailao, they had im-proved material conditions and peaceful life, and the population dramatically increased. Later, they settled down in the broad area of the Honghe and Lishejiang drainage basins. The Hani’s history of migration and development indicates that no matter how large a population they have, and how they are scattered, their culture has the same origin. Therefore, tracing the origin of the Hani culture is very important to understand why the Hani share a common awareness of the harmonious relationship between man and nature. Another point worth noting is that the Hani are called as an “Ethnic Group of Stories”. The Hani like telling stories, and making up stories, therefore, there are many popular stories among the Hani. This is because Hani have no writing, which makes the essence of the Hani culture lie in their oral stories. The ancestors’ stories, and their wisdom are all spread and handed down through these stories. The Hani stories actually play act as cultural carriers, burdened with the task of preser-ving culture, and playing an educational role. It is due to the influence of the ancestors’ traditional culture that the Hani have kept an awareness of maintaining a harmonious relationship between man, animals and plants. Then, which factors in the Hani’s cultural origin have promoted this awareness and made it exist for a long time? This article separately discusses the impact of the origin of the heavens, earth, man, animals, and plants, as well as the understanding of animism to this awareness.
In the Hani’s traditional religion, animism is a basic tenet. The Hani believe that the universe is created by the gods, and all things on earth are brought about by the gods. These deities infuse the things in the universe with a spirit; man cannot hurt other things, including those things without life;and the proper relationship between man and nature is harmony. A harmonious relationship means to obey the deities’ will, and is a special representation of their worship. Some people be-lieve that the formation of this kind of understand-ing is directly related to the ecological environment in which the Hani live. They live in the mountain-ous areas and conduct farming work from genera-tion to generation. The forest and water sources are their basic production materials. While using and transforming nature, they must protect and respect nature. Only in this way can an ethnic group un-dergo constant development in a difficult environ-ment—this already has become common knowledge during the process of inheriting the Chinese culture in the past thousand years. And to the Hani peo-ple, this is their principle, as well as their life philosophy. The Hani’s understanding of animism is a kind of pantheistic ideology, which belongs to religious aspect and does not fit with materialism. However the understanding of animism plays a very big role in the Hani’s formation of a self-consciousness in protecting the animals and plants, and keeping the ecological balance. Its role is not limited to an in-dividual or a local area, instead, its meaning to the whole Hani area cannot be underestimated. Hence, we take it as one of the sources for the for-mation of the harmonious natural understanding of all Hani people.     

传统的继承与重构:巍山回族圣纪节的当代变迁

圣纪节是云南回族的三大传统节日之一。作为云南回族民间与外界互动较多的节日庆典,圣纪节打造了开放性的公共文化空间。巍山回族圣纪节的当代变迁,是对传统的继承与重构。当代圣纪节通过继承传统,保持了节日的宗教民俗特质和文化连续性;通过对传统与时俱进的文化建构,强化了节日传统,丰富了节日文化,赋予节日宗教、政治、文化多重意义,使圣纪节始终保持生机活力,并成为回族民间社会与国家基层政权成功互动的文化平台和展示窗口,成为中国政府在少数民族宗教事务管理方面的成功典范。     

文化生态区与非物质文化遗产保护研究

非物质文化遗产是不同人群共同体在特定的时间、空间里,处理人与人、人与社会、人与自然关系时的文化产物,有着自身特定的属性:主体性、整体性、活态性以及无形性等,在文化旅游盛行的情境中,如何保护与传承非物质文化遗产问题一直都是焦点问题。本文试图从文化生态区的理念出发,探寻非物质文化遗产保护与传承的道路,为非物质文化能够继续活态的、原真性的存续提供一种方法论视角。     

早期回族伊斯兰报刊之特点浅议

1915年至1925年的10年间,随着中国新民主主义思潮的兴起,回族穆斯林团体和学术组织创办的早期回族伊斯兰报刊应运而生。它们虽然数量有限,但内容丰富,影响力强,在办刊宗旨、社址选定、栏目设置等方面特色突出,有着鲜明的时代感。     

新疆伊犁回族社会关系重构研究

人是生活在社会网络关系体系中的一个“社会再造体”,社会关系网络是人的社会资本.移民社会中,社会关系的重构,是移民获得社会资本的主要途径.伊犁是一个典型的移民社会,回族在这个移民社会中,通过三种模式不断地重构其社会网络关系:一是自清末以来,内地回族人在“亲串亲,邻串邻”的模式下,不断迁移到伊犁,移植故有的社会关系,建构了“亲串亲,邻串邻”模式的社会关系;二是与当地人建立婚姻关系,建构了婚姻模式的社会关系;三是交接朋友,在新疆伊犁地区回族之间玩着一种互帮互助的社会资本,即“玩恰依”,建构了回族内部朋友模式的社会关系.