政府统计空间成本初探

文章从空间维度研究政府统计成本问题,给出了政府统计空间成本的定义;将政府统计空间成本划分为内部组织成本、委托代理成本、空间信息交易成本、人员空间配置成本;分析了政府统计空间成本控制存在的问题;并提出了相应的控制策略。     

浅谈医院全成本核算

一、医院全成本核算的概念与理论基础 1、医院的全成本核算是指对医院的工资成本、医疗消耗和管理费用等全部成本项目进行会计归集,确定科学合理的材料消耗额度、工资成本比例、管理费用标准,并以此进行事前预测、事中控制、事后分析,制定合理的消耗和经济指标.     

促进统计法实施的措施建议——基于成本收益分析的视角

一、成本收益原理在统计工作中的具体化 （一）成本在统计工作中的具体化成本，可以分为行政方和行政相对人的守法成本与行政相对人的违法成本。守法成本表示为使行政相对人遵守统计法所要付出的代价，如行政方花费足够的人力、物力和财力宣传统计法律法规知识、建立一支高素质的统计执法队伍，并不断加强培训、配备执法所需要的车辆工具等；     

政府债务统计国际比较研究

政府债务统计是分析一国或地区政府财政状况和评估财政风险的重要依据,欧洲主权债务危机爆发之后受到国际社会的高度重视。本文对国际组织政府债务统计体系和英、美、加、日、中等国的政府债务统计进行比较研究,分析不同体系和不同国家在概念、分类、指标、统计准则与口径、数据发布等方面的异同及主要特征。目前,中国的政府债务统计尚不完善,存在不少问题,概念与分类体系不明确,不同部门之间统计口径存在差异,统计指标单一,不利于政府债务管理与风险监控。中国应加快建立和完善政府债务统计体系,重点在于：（1）统一政府债务统计口径;（2）尽快开展政府净债务统计;（3）加快编制国家资产负债表;（4）健全政府债务统计指标体系;（5）完善政府债务信息公开制度。     

消费者偏好与真实生活成本

本文在消费者偏好结构可变的假设下,探讨了1998-2012年我国消费者真实生活成本。研究表明忽视消费者偏好结构的变化通常会高估消费者真实生活成本水平和增长幅度,而这种替代偏误的程度取决于基期的选择。基于这种研究发现,政府有关部门在使用消费者物价指数制定相关政策（尤其是福利政策）时,本文研究的非参数型真实生活成本指数 可能比一般的拉氏物价指数更为合适。因此,建议统计部门在使用拉氏价格指数统计消费者物价水平的同时,应该定期编制和公布 指数。     

基于质量损失函数的ARMA控制图经济设计

为提高统计过程监控灵敏度并减少监控费用,文章研究了自回归移动平均(ARMA)过程的统计与经济设计问题.首先构建ARMA控制图监控自相关过程,基于田口质量损失函数对ARMA控制图进行经济设计并构建经济模型;利用遗传算法求解,确定ARMA控制图的五个参数[n,h,k,φ,θ]最优组合,使单位时间费用最低.最后,对该模型的参数进行灵敏度分析,由此得出在实际监控过程中与单位时间期望费用相关的参数,以减少质量损失.     

论统计成本

市场经济条件下,政府统计部门的目标是如何最优配置统计资源,以实现政府统计效用最大化,而统计成本的核算是实现这一目标的重要因素。本文通过对统计成本思想及其重要性的分析,提出了降低成本的一些方法。     

我国政府统计与企业统计改革研究

我国政府统计与企业统计改革研究●华南农业大学李富海●本文就我国政府统计与企业统计改革的现状与问题、方向与目标和深化改革的措施作些研究探讨。一、统计改革的理论依据（略）二、统计改革的现状与问题（一）政府统计改革的现状与问题１、现状随着我国改革开放的深入...     

试论统计工作成本

市场经济条件下 ,政府统计部门的目标是如何最优配置统计资源 ,以实现政府统计效用最大化 ,而统计工作成本的核算是实现这目标的重要因素。本文通过对统计工作成本思想及其重要性的分析 ,提出了降低成本的一些方法     

关于统计培训实行网络化的思考

统计培训的实践一再告诉我们,对于大多数在职人员来说,学习统计业务并不是一件容易的事情,往往存在学习与工作矛盾突出、培训时间短促,授课内容压缩、教学形式古板、学习成本高等问题。严重制约着培训人数和培训的效果。如何解决这一问题,笔者认为,立足时代需求,创新培训形式,实行网络化培训是统计培训工作今后的发展方向。国内外有许多有识之士指出,决定21世纪的两种主要力量：一是互联网,二是教育;而这两种力量的融合就是教育网络化。     

Economic design based on a multivariate Bayesian VSI chart with a dual control limit

In this paper, a multivariate Bayesian variable sampling interval (VSI) control chart for the economic design and optimization of statistical parameters is designed. Based on the VSI sampling strategy of a multivariate Bayesian control chart with dual control limits, the optimal expected cost function is constructed. The proposed model allows the determination of the scheme parameters that minimize the expected cost per time of the process. The effectiveness of the Bayesian VSI chart is estimated through economic comparisons with the Bayesian fixed sampling interval and the Hotelling's T² chart. This study is an in-depth study on a Bayesian multivariate control chart with variable parameter. Furthermore, it is shown that significant cost improvement may be realized through the new model.     

我国外汇储备的成本—收益分析

 随着我国外汇储备的持续增加,持有外汇储备的成本也在不断上升。文章全面、系统地分析了我国持有外汇储备的各项可量化成本,包括冲销成本、资本损失、债务性储备的成本和机会成本等;分析了我国外汇储备的收益;最后,对我国外汇储备的净收益给出了结论,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

Technical change and total factor productivity growth in swedish manufacturing industries

This paper is concerned with the measurement of total factor productivity(TFP) growth and technical change in Swedish manufacturing industries during the period 1964-1989. Two alternative formulations of technical change, viz., the time trend model and the general index model are used for measuring TFP growth and technical change. Measures of these are embedded in a cost minimization framework where we estimate the translog cost function along with the associated cost share equations. The cost function accommodates industry-specific variability through an error component model. The models are estimated using the iterative seemingly unrelated regression method after some transformations to the cost function. Empirical results show that the general index model is superior to the time trend model when the pattern of technical change and total factor productivity growth are examined.     

Technical change and total factor productivity growth in swedish manufacturing industries

This paper is concerned with the measurement of total factor productivity(TFP) growth and technical change in Swedish manufacturing industries during the period 1964–1989. Two alternative formulations of technical change, viz., the time trend model and the general index model are used for measuring TFP growth and technical change. Measures of these are embedded in a cost minimization framework where we estimate the translog cost function along with the associated cost share equations. The cost function accommodates industry-specific variability through an error component model. The models are estimated using the iterative seemingly unrelated regression method after some transformations to the cost function. Empirical results show that the general index model is superior to the time trend model when the pattern of technical change and total factor productivity growth are examined.     

经济增速放缓与经济波动对居民福利影响的阶段差异分析

 本文基于中国1952-2007年时序数据定量研究经济增速放缓的福利损失和经济波动的福利损失,并侧重考察两种福利损失的大小关系在改革开放和经济体制改革目标确立前后的阶段差异。研究发现,无论是总体而言,还是在中国经济发展的不同阶段,经济波动的福利损失并不必然远小于经济增速放缓的福利损失,在相关参数的合理取值范围内,经济波动的福利损失大于经济增速放缓的福利损失是相当普遍的情形。因此,中国政府部门在重视长期经济增长的同时,不能草率否定短期经济稳定的重要性。     

基于SFA的中国银行业成本效率实证研究

本文基于随机边界模型,假定成本误差项服从截断正态分布的前提下,估算我国18家银行2001-2007年的成本效率。结果显示我国商业银行成本效率总体偏低,经营绩效落后于美国银行业,且在观测期内没有明显改善;样本银行成本效率与资产规模等因素没有显著联系,国有银行平均效率水平与股份制银行大致持平,均低于合资银行;各银行成本效率随时间推移而趋同,集中化趋势明显。     

A model of preventive maintenance for parallel,series, and single-item replacement systems based on statistical analysis

Preventive maintenance (PM) scheduling of units is addressed as a crucial issue that effects on both economy and reliability of power systems. In this paper, we describe an application of statistical analysis for determining the best PM strategy in the case of parallel, series, and single-item replacement systems. A key aspect of industrial maintenance is the trade-off between cost and time of performing PM operations. The goals of this study is to determine the best time for performing PM operations in each system and also finding the number of spare parts and facilities in single-item replacement and parallel systems respectively so that the average cost per unit time is minimized. In this proposed maintenance strategy, PM operations are regularly performed on the production unit in equal time intervals. Finally, three examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models.     

政府支出结构的国际比较

政府支出影响着一国社会的发展路径 ,因此探求一国政府支出的决定因素或规律有助于科学地确定政府支出结构 ,从而从政府支出角度给社会有序地推动。文章在占有大量数据及进行深入分析基础上 ,对此作了系统的探讨。     

Optimal treatment allocation and study duration for trials with discrete-time survival endpoints

Studies on event occurrence may be conducted in experiments, where one or more treatment groups are compared to a control group. Most of the randomized trials are designed with equally sized groups, but this design is not always the best one. The statistical power of the study may be larger with unequal sample sizes, and researchers may want to place more participants in one group relative to the other due to resource constraints or costs. The optimal designs for discrete-time survival endpoints in trials with two groups, where different proportions of subjects in the experimental group are taken into account, can be studied using the generalized linear model. Applying a cost function, the optimal combination of the number of subjects and periods in the study and the optimal allocation ratio can be found. It is observed that the ratio of the recruitment costs in both groups, the ratio of the recruitment cost in the control group to the cost of obtaining a measurement, the size of the treatment effect, and the shape of the survival distribution have the greatest influence on the optimal design.