科威特社会的变迁

萨巴赫家族统治科威特至今已284个春秋.在这近3个世纪里,科成特社会发生了翻天覆地的变化,首先是经济基础发生了根本性的变化,从而促使科成特的上层建筑--政治体制的变化.     

社会变化视域下试论社会变迁与法律变迁的关系

社会的发展是法律发展的主要依据和源泉,任何法律的建立和发展都离不开社会变迁的影响,同时也受到社会变迁的制约。经济与社会是任何一种法律制度的熔炉,它们铸就了法律的存在价值。社会的不断发展变化,促使法律在不断地调整,然而社会的变迁必然导致法律也发生根本意义的变迁。     

社会、市场、价值观:整体变迁的征兆--从职业评价与择业取向看中国社会结构变迁再研究

文章以全国3183名城乡居民抽样调查样本数据为基础,通过与以前所做相关调查进行比较,作者发现,人们职业评价和未来择业取向的变化以及实际的流动状况揭示出中国社会结构深层的变动趋势。首先,精英阶层的分化以及进入精英阶层渠道的增加开始引发中国社会关系的根本改变和社会结构的重组。第二,社会流动机会结构的根本性变化导致了人们市场取向的日益增强,越来越多的人开始将企业家作为其社会成就的指示器。第三,价值观的改变引发了中国人整体人格提升的开始。种种迹象显示,历经20多年的改革开放,中国已由发端时的单方面经济体制变迁时期进入了一个经济、社会、文化价值观全方位整体变迁的时期。     

从纳西族祭天仪式看社会文化的变迁

从传统的对东巴教的信仰而进行的祭天活动,到今天旅游业中商业表演性质的祭天仪式,纳西族祭天仪式的变化是社会文化变迁的一个缩影.本文透过这一变化,得出文化变迁必然性的结论,进而提出记录文化原貌,顺应自然发展的观点.     

未来30年上海社会发展趋势的目标设计

未来30年,上海将在中国品质之城、全球一流之城、亚太门户之城的基础上贯穿一个总目标“一流的城市、繁荣的社会、卓越的治理”,切实发挥总目标对上海社会发展的引领作用,构建开放的社会治理框架,培育多元社会治理主体,创新社会治理单元,完善包容性的公共服务体系,促进基层自治组织的自我发育与成长,释放社会组织活力,建设服务型政府,推进社会治理能力的现代化、国际化.     

一所敬老院的30年变迁

“30年前我压根儿没想到,上海的经济社会发展和老龄化进度都会这么快!”刚刚从上海市普陀区社会福利院退休的崔鸿娥说,与三十年前创办时相比,福利院里的老人已增加了10倍。     

农村社会工作的一个本土化雏形

万载社会工作,回应了当前农村经济社会发展的需求。但是,一个经济欠发达地区,怎样开展社会工作？这是万载实验的难题,也是万载实验的意义。     

中国社会发展的世界意义

改革开放后中国社会的变化近30年的改革历程使中国发生了翻天覆地的变化,这个变化不仅反映在经济上,更重要的是导致了社会的变化。中国社会的变化将决定中国未来经济、政治和文化等各方面的走向和内容。     

我国发展新阶段的社会建设和社会管理

国际金融危机之后,国际经济社会格局发生深刻变化,一些新兴经济体率先走出危机,拉动国际经济开始复苏,而西亚、北非众多国家如推倒的多米诺骨牌,发生持续政治动荡,甚至导致国家权力易位。改革开放30多年的中国,在成功地抵御和渡过国际金融危机之后,进入一个发展的新阶段。这个新阶段的总体特征表现为经济持续快速增长、政治格局总体稳定、社会问题多发凸显。这种新的阶段性特征有巨大社会变迁的深刻社会背景,也促使社会建设和社会管理成为我国发展的新的核心议题。     

国际社会对巴勒斯坦的援助

巴勒斯坦自治区作为一个新生实体,底子薄,基础差,加之一年多来受巴以冲突不断加剧的影响,经济和社会发展处于百废待兴、百业待举的局面,每个领域的建设,都急需国际社会的援助.     

科威特石油运输公司

科威特石油运输公司在由全资私有公司变成全资公有公司的46年里，由小变大，在科经济尤其是石油工业中发挥了重要作用。但在多变的世界政治、经济形势下，公司正进行着改革，以应对所面临的挑战。     

战后科威特经济走势及我政策

美伊战争后，科威特经济发展的外部隐患被消除，科财政收入大幅增加，投资扩大，国内需求增加，市场消费旺盛；对外贸易增长，贸易顺差加大；外国投资活跃，资本流入增多。伊科是传统贸易伙伴，在地理、人文、资金等方面都具有开展贸易的得天独厚条件。中国企业可以科为跳板，与科企业进行广泛紧密合作，不失时机地进入伊市场。     

Globalization and the built environment in Kuwait

This paper discusses the impact of globalization on the built environment and the tension between the forces of globalization and localization as exemplified in the case of Kuwait. It claims that globalization has been active in the countries of the Gulf area since the middle of the 20th century when they witnessed rapid development and change that permitted globalization and localization processes to be more evident and magnified than in other parts of the world. The aim of this paper is to analyze manifestations and consequences of globalization and localization processes in the built environment in Kuwait by tracing the rapid transformation of the built environment in Kuwait during the second half of the 20th century. The paper claims that the clash of styles that exists in the built environment is a product of the tension between globalization and localization processes, and that the dichotomy between the cultural forces currently shaping the built environment, i.e. modern-traditional, Islamic-Western, and local-international, is the result of this tension. While some architects attempt to integrate the local architecture into global cultural trends, others try to revive the traditional architectural style to protect the local identity and heritage. The resulting built environment is chaotic and lacks identity and sense of place. The paper concludes that the processes of globalization and localization are inseparable and that they coexist, like in many other parts of the world, in continuous state of change and interaction. There is a need for an alternative understanding of what global architecture can be; one that understands the essential need to preserve and respect diversity as well as house seemingly disparate philosophies of space, people, and their interactions with and within the built form. This approach should be reflected in professional practice, education and building regulations that govern the production of the built environment.     

家庭代际结构变化对社会公共服务体系构建的影响

家庭是社会的基本单元,其现状和变动对社会经济发展会产生直接而深远的影响。近20年来,上海的家庭代际结构发生了诸多变化。其表现在户均人口数持续缩小、空巢老人家庭数量增多、家庭代际关系发生变化、家庭模式呈现多样化等方面,这些都对上海的社会公共服务提出了新的需求和挑战。上海应在"政府支持引导、社区积极参与、供给主体多元、引入市场竞争"的总体思路下构建上海社会公共服务新体系;要优化社区养老模式,大力发展养老服务产业,培育公益性的社区公共服务组织,推进养老服务专业化队伍建设,发展幼托照护及教育事业。     

Rural Social Service Disparities and Creative Social Work Solutions for Rural Families Across the Life Span

The provision of social services in rural areas has historically presented a challenge for social workers. Rural social service disparities are presented in relation to key challenges surrounding the provision of social work services in the rural United States. Barriers that define rurality and hinder the provision of social work to rural families, a multicultural examination of rural community strengths and resiliency, and creative solutions for rural social work delivery are discussed. A case study utilizing collaborative partnerships between rural churches, schools, and community leaders to combat rural homelessness and streamline service delivery for rural families across the life cycle is presented.     

Child Aware Practice in Adult Social Services: A Scoping Review

The development of “child aware” practice is about the capacity and capability of adult health and social service providers to identify and respond to the needs of children. A scoping review of the literature considered five adult adversities associated with family stress and reduced parenting capacity: mental illness, alcohol and substance abuse, homelessness, intellectual disability, and domestic violence. Although there are specific needs for children pertaining to particular adversities, there was substantial commonality of potential effects. These included emotional and psychological difficulties, physical and mental health problems, academic difficulties, language delays, peer difficulties, stigma, trauma reactions, loss and grief, instability, and social exclusion. How children react to difficulties in their family depends upon various protective factors, a child's frame of reference, and other dynamics within the family that can offset risks. The findings aim to inform policy, program development, and practice in adult social services, enhancing their responsiveness to children.     

Important Risk Factors in Home-Removal Decisions: Social Caseworker Perceptions

The current study identified factors that played a significant role in decisions to separate a child from his/her primary caretakers for 51 social service caseworkers. Participants rated and ranked the importance of 35 child risk/well-being factors used in recent child separation dispositions. Results indicated that boundary setting with a perpetrator of abuse and parental motivation played a significant role in decision-making. These preliminary findings suggest the need to prioritize services aimed at the promotion of the non-maltreating parent’s limit setting with the perpetrator of abuse, as well as caretaker motivation/cooperation.Virginia M. DeRoma is affiliated with The Citadel, Psychology Department, Capers Hall, 171 Moultrie, 29409, Charleston, SC, USA. Maria Lynn Kessler is affiliated with Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR, USA. Ryan McDaniel is affiliated with New Hope for Children, Charleston, SC, USA. Cesar M. Soto is affiliated with Municipal Defense of Children and Adolescents, Chorrillos, Peru.Address correspondence to Virginia M. DeRoma, The Citadel, Psychology Department, Capers Hall, 171 Moultrie, Charleston, SC, 29409.     

Social Work and Family Dispute Resolution

Abstract

Social workers have a significant role to play in the development and provision of family dispute-resolution services. Recent legislative changes and new directions in mediator accreditation in Australia are influencing education and practices in family dispute resolution. Alongside lawyers and psychologists, social workers constitute one of the main professional groups working in this area. A major contribution of social work is the emphasis on reflexive practices that consider political, social, and economic contextual factors. This is underpinned by a commitment to social justice and practices that focus on issues of access and equity and antidiscriminatory practice.