论人事晋升激励的作用及误区

本文分析了职务晋升作为人力资源管理中的激励措施的积极作用与负面效果，提出了通过晋升决策的公正原则、人才选拔的战略眼光及人才储备作用来消除晋升可能带来的消极影响的重要措施。     

基层公务员职务与职级并行制度下的晋升机制探究

基层公务员职级晋升机制存在晋升缺乏连续性、操作缺乏普遍性、激励缺乏负向性等问题,主要原因是官本位思想固化了职务的主导地位,中庸思想和平均主义影响了考核的公正性,公务员分类改革的滞后导致部分公务员无法正常晋升职级。化解这些问题,须建立职务与职级、职级与待遇之间的交叉机制,探索建立破格晋升职级机制,建立“防触顶”的激励递增机制,建立科学精准的绩效考核体系。     

领导者擢拔新人的风险与掌控艺术

晋升作为组织人力资源管理的一项重要措施,具有激励员工、建设组织人才梯队、促进组织文化革新、适应外部环境变动以及满足人岗匹配的需要等多样性功能,但领导者对员工的不当晋升决策也存在着逆向选择和道德风险、信息传递扭曲及“彼得陷阱”、“失败者”离职等弊端。领导者应运用相应的掌控艺术,建立明确统一、科学规范的员工晋升考核评价体系,保证晋升决策公平、公开、公正、民主,平衡晋升与地位、薪酬等的关系,同时发挥组织文化的协调作用。     

公务员职务与职级并行的落实困境与化解策略

职务与职级并行制度是近年我国推行公务员制度改革的重点工作,在一定程度上缓解了我国基层公务员晋升和工资福利天花板困境,切实激励了公务员队伍。然而,基层公务员职务与职级并行制度在推行中面临政策文本之困和政策实施之困。因此,切实推进职务与职级并行制度在基层的运行,需要进一步加强顶层设计,提出指导意见;加强前期调研,制订晋升方案;统筹考虑提级,横向择优晋升;动态调整指标,使职级晋升常态化;对标干部考核,严格晋升流程;加强指导监督,确保落实到位。     

阅读3:注重激励 保障稳定

我国公务员制度的激励保障机制由考核、职务升降、奖励、工资福利保险等环节构成。如何健全激励保障机制?《公务员法》对此作出了若干规定。第一,《公务员法》在“职务与级别”一章中创设公务员职务与职级晋升的“双梯制”,使级别成为公务员一个职业发展台阶,不能晋升职务的公务员,可以通过晋升级别的渠道,来得到合理待遇。第二,将工作实绩作为公务员考核重点。在西方国家,对公务员主要强调工作表现和职业绩效。在录用和考核标准上,有的强调“专才”,有的强调“通才”,包括业务能力和工作绩效等作为录用和领考核的主要标准。在我国,任人唯贤…     

过度自信对公司管理者职务晋升的影响机理研究

公司管理者职务晋升受到多种因素的影响,是各种因素共同作用的合力结果,探讨和研究各种影响因素对公司管理者职务晋升的作用机理已经成为学术界和企业管理实务界关注的热点问题.论文在现有研究成果的基础上,在若干合理假设条件下,通过借鉴和改进Gervais和Daniel等人提出的过度自信表示方法,建立恰当的数学模型探索性地研究了过度自信心理偏好对管理者职务晋升的影响机理.研究结果表明,在实际能力水平相同且不为人所知的条件下,过度自信管理者比理性管理者更有可能获得职务晋升机会,而且过度自信管理者获得的职务晋升机会与过度自信管理者的过度自信程度和参与职务晋升竞争的理性管理者人数正相关.     

基层公务员职务与职级并行制度运行障碍及改进策略——以甘肃省金塔县为案例

我国公务员法中以职定级、以职定薪的规定给基层公务员管理造成了很多困扰,基层公务员由于职务低、职务晋升道路不通畅,致使其薪酬长期处于一个较低的水平,严重挫伤了他们的工作积极性和成就感。为了切实激励公务员队伍,2015年初,中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅正式决定推行公务员职务与职级并行的制度。以甘肃省金塔县为例进行研究发现,基层公务员职务与职级并行制度在推行中存在现实障碍,如政策实施的不公平衍生出新的"跑级"现象等。因此,需要完善制度,营造良好的职级晋升文化氛围,以及建立健全职级晋升监督机制等。     

地方政府官员职务晋升的内卷化:成因及调适

地方政府官员职务晋升的内卷化,深刻影响地方政府官员的行为选择,并可能导致地方官员产生精神懈怠,甚至走向腐败。地方政府官员职务晋升内卷化的形成因素,除了受制于经济绩效外,更在于年龄、政治关系网络及一票否决制和问责制的影响。基于此,为走出内卷化,应从注重个人能力考察、强化竞争激励作用和重视多重方面考核着手进行调适。     

人脉资源在职务晋升中的价值及其风险分析

人脉资源对情感维系和社会发展具有积极作用,但人脉资源的异化会导致职务晋升通道狭窄,有损社会公平正义。现有社会结构下,要通过构建共同价值理念、激励相容机制来强化人脉资源的正功能,通过道德教化与延伸、制度监督与惩戒来消解人脉资源的负功能。     

新时代干部职务晋升的确定性因素解析

理想信念坚定是干部职务晋升的前提,专业素养扎实是干部职务晋升的基石,工作业绩突出是干部职务晋升的关键,制度设计完备是干部职务晋升的保障。这四大确定性因素可为干部顺利晋升和更好成长提供参考。     

互动公平、委员会决策程序公平与员工决策承诺:基于公平启发理论与不确定管理理论的实证研究

借助层级团队形式制定决策,决策者能激发员工的决策承诺,确保决策的有效执行。以委员会作为决策者的层级团队为例,本文探讨了以下问题:当存在个体对自身胜任力的自信、专用性人力资本投资这两个因素的影响时,互动公平与委员会决策程序公平效应及它们之间的交互效应会发生什么变化?引入公平启发理论与不确定管理理论,本文假设并检验了上述四个因素如何交互作用于员工决策承诺。以两家大型商业银行信贷业务人员为研究对象,实证研究表明:(1)自信和专用性人力资本投资对委员会决策程序公平效应有着显著调节作用,但它们对互动公平效应的调节作用不显著;(2)当存在自信和专用性人力资本投资的影响时,较强的互动公平与委员会决策程序公平之间的交互效应更稳定一些,而较低的互动公平感知与程序公平之间的交互效应在方向上发生变化。本文有助于管理者理解"公平何时能引致员工合作"这一问题,帮助其更好地把握决策过程以获得员工对其决策的支持。本研究的假设完全基于公平启发理论(FHT)和不确定管理理论(UMT)的理论逻辑做出,实证结果与FHT和UMT的理论预测以及已有实证研究结果相一致,这意味着本研究具有较高可信性和可靠性,能为进一步理论探索提供了比较坚实的基础。     

Righting a wrong: Retaliation on a voodoo doll symbolizing an abusive supervisor restores justice

When a subordinate receives abusive treatment from a supervisor, a natural response is to retaliate against the supervisor. Although retaliation is dysfunctional and should be discouraged, we examine the potential functional role retaliation plays in terms of alleviating the negative consequences of abusive supervision on subordinate justice perceptions. Based on the notion that retaliation following mistreatment can restore justice for victims, we propose a model whereby retaliation following abusive supervision alleviates the negative effect of abusive supervision on subordinate justice perceptions. In two experimental studies (Study 1 and 2), whereby we manipulated abusive supervision and subordinate symbolic retaliation—in particular, harming a voodoo doll that represents the abusive supervisor—we found general support for our predictions. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

组织公正、雇佣关系与员工工作态度——基于广东民营企业的经验研究

分析员工层面雇佣关系的内涵及其在组织公正与员工工作态度关系中所起的中介作用对我国民营企业人力资源管理有重要的现实意义.本文在文献述评的基础上提出了一系列假设,并通过对675位广东民营企业员工问卷的实证分析检验了假设.研究发现,领导一部属交换与员工工作态度的相关性最显著.并在人际公正、信息公正与员工工作态度关系中起完全中介作用;心理契约违背与员工工作态度显著负相关,并在程序公正、分配公正与员工工作态度关系中起部分中介作用.研究表明,民营企业不仅要通过创建公正的分配环境来提高员工的工作态度,而且要善于构建能得到员工认同的雇佣关系,尤其是高质量的员工与直接领导之间的关系,提高员工的工作满意度和组织承诺.     

Fairness Perceptions of Work−Life Balance Initiatives: Effects on Counterproductive Work Behaviour

This study examined the impact of employees' fairness perceptions regarding organizational work?life balance initiatives on their performance of counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Moderating effects of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism were also explored. Quantitative data collected from 224 public sector employees demonstrated significant main and moderating effects of informational justice, adaptive perfectionism and maladaptive perfectionism on CWB. Adaptive perfectionism weakened the link between informational justice and CWB, while maladaptive perfectionism strengthened it. Qualitative data collected from 26 employees indicate that both the social exchange and job stress models are useful frameworks for understanding CWB in the context of work?life balance initiatives; CWB emerged as both a negative emotional reaction to unfairness and as a tool used by employees to restore equity in the exchange relationship with their employer. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Offshoring and Cross‐Border Interorganizational Relationships: A Justice Model*

In this article, we develop an interorganizational justice model to explain cross‐border interorganizational relationships. The model contends that cultural distance (construed as the cultural differences between offshoring partners) would influence behavioral uncertainty and the boundary spanners' perceptions of justice. Specifically, the model predicts that high levels of behavioral uncertainty are likely to reduce relational commitment, whereas low levels of behavioral uncertainty are likely to enhance relational commitment. However, boundary spanners' perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice would mitigate the negative impact of behavioral uncertainty on relational commitment. The model also predicts that culturally similar boundary spanners would be more likely to share similar perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice than culturally dissimilar boundary spanners. This model has implications for further theoretical discussion and empirical research as well as management practice. Managers could use the interorganizational justice model to assess shared perceptions of justice among boundary spanners and develop transcultural justice competencies.     

‘It is not fair that you do not know we have problems’: Perceptual distance and the consequences of male leaders' conflict avoidance behaviours

This study investigates perceptual distance in terms of managers' conflict avoidance behaviour and its consequences for subordinates. We argue that perceptual distance, or the disagreement between a manager's perception and that of his or her subordinates of his or her conflict avoidance, is a genuine phenomenon. We examine the extent to which the perceptual distance regarding managers' avoidance behaviour influences a team's justice climate as well as the role of gender. The data collected from three multinational companies in China show that the perceptual distance of a male manager's avoidance behaviour exists and that it is associated with a negative justice climate within the team. These findings provide evidence of gender's effect on leadership and highlight the benefits of female leadership.     

中国文化背景下的组织人际和谐

采用问卷调查法,以中国3家企业340名员工为研究对象,以公平理论和社会交换理论为研究框架,提出领导公平、信息公平与组织人际和谐关系的研究模型。构建结构方程和层次回归模型,利用PASW STATISTICS 18.0和LISREL 8.80分析软件,采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析对组织人际和谐的三维结构观点进行检验,应用层级回归分析方法探讨领导公平、信息公平及其交互项对组织人际和谐的影响。研究结果表明,领导公平和信息公平对工具和谐具有显著的正向影响,但其交互项不显著;领导公平对价值和谐具有显著的负向影响,而信息公平对价值和谐具有显著的正向影响,交互效应显著;领导公平和信息公平对和谐阻碍的影响不显著,但其交互效应显著。     

股权分置改革:程序公正和投资者关系

中国社会正处于变革时期,诸多改革都涉及利益分配,改革的过程和结果对于评判改革的成败是相当重要的。本文借鉴社会学理论,从中小流通股东角度研究了股权分置改革背景下的投资者关系问题。本文为流通股东对股改程序公正的理解寻找了两个前因:信息披露和反馈的及时性以及流通股东潜在的影响力。研究发现,提高信息反馈的及时性和流通股东的潜在影响力可以改善流通股东对程序公正的理解,可以改善投资者关系。研究同时发现,流通股东对程序公正的理解是信息反馈及时性和流通股东潜在影响力对投资者关系的中介变量。最后,本文提出一些政策建议。     

Perceptions of ethical climate and organizational justice as antecedents to employee performance: The mediating role of employees' attributions of leader effectiveness

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of employee attributions of leader effectiveness on relationships between perceptions of (a) ethical climate and (b) organizational justice and both positive and negative types of performance. We argue that these relatively under-investigated perceptions are critical antecedents to effective productivity in the workplace. Accordingly, this study is the first to examine the associations of both ethical climate and organizational justice on both positive and negative performance within the context of mediation via employee attributions of leader effectiveness. Based on online survey data from 2486 Romanian employees, our SEM-based findings reveal that the attribution of leader effectiveness functions as a mediator between the associations of ethical climate and justice perceptions on two distinct types of performance: (1) Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and (2) Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWB).Additionally, the results revealed that trait negative affect moderates the mediating role of leader effectiveness with OCB but not with CWB. This study contributes to the recent and growing interest in the mediating role of attributions regarding work performance. Several theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed concerning leader-specific attributions, employee empowerment, and employee performance. Most prominently, we discuss why individuals with strong trait negative affect may engage in CWB without the influence of ethical climate or organizational justice.     

国有企业内部收入分配公平性研究——基于M公司的案例研究

国有企业内部收入分配是否公平是一个客观现实问题,至今没有给出一个令人信服的答案。本文采用案例研究方法,通过调查和数据收集,分别从薪酬程序的制定、委托代理理论、企业公平理论和社会公平理论的角度,考察国有M公司内部收入分配的公平性问题。从研究结果来看,公司内部薪酬制定程序不公平,企业的收入分配集中于公司管理人员、特别是高层管理人员,管理人员的收入既与企业业绩无关,也与其投入不相称,并且这种分配差距已经到达了社会收入分配的警戒线。本案例研究为判断目前国有企业收入分配和社会收入分配是否公平提供了微观基础。