“十三五”时期经济科学学科资助格局与趋势分析北大核心CSCDCSSCI

本文总结回顾了“十三五”期间(2016年~2020年)国家自然科学基金经济科学学科的自由探索类项目(面上、青年和地区)与重点项目的申请与资助情况,从项目负责人,依托单位、学科领域等角度系统分析了基金资助特征及其在“十三五”期间的结构性变化,进一步以农林经济管理学科为例探讨了经济学科基金资助与研究主题的发展趋势,并对未来基金管理工作与经济学科研究进行了展望.     

“十三五”时期经济科学学科资助格局与趋势分析

本文总结回顾了“十三五”期间(2016年~2020年)国家自然科学基金经济科学学科的自由探索类项目(面上、青年和地区)与重点项目的申请与资助情况,从项目负责人、依托单位、学科领域等角度系统分析了基金资助特征及其在“十三五”期间的结构性变化,进一步以农林经济管理学科为例探讨了经济学科基金资助与研究主题的发展趋势,并对未来基金管理工作与经济学科研究进行了展望.     

加强基金管理、提高资助绩效 促进基础研究持续发展

地方科学基金的建立和发展既是我国科技体制改革的产物、地方科技发展的需要 ,也是公平竞争、科学民主和鼓励创新机制在基础性研究中的有效运用。福建省自然科学基金 (以下简称 :省基金 )的设立 ,在促进我校基础研究持续、稳定和协调发展、推动出成果、出人才 ,推进有特色学科领域发展 ,为地方经济建设提供新知识源和新技术储备等方面发挥了十分重要的作用。一、九五期间省基金在我校的总体情况1、项目的申报与获资助情况九五期间我校共申报省基金 4 0 5项、获资助项目113项 ,资助经费达 50 0 .16万元 ,平均资助率约为2 8%。 (详见图 1)图 1…     

基于国家自然科学基金视角的我国省域基础科学研究空间相关性分析

本文采用我国国家自然科学基金1998-2010年的相关数据,从空间距离的角度分析了科学基金面上项目在不同省域之间的空间分布特征,运用空间统计的方法着重考察了科学基金的空间相关性,并对基金申请和资助活动空间分布趋势进行了预测.结果表明,国家自然科学基金面上项目申请活动已经表现出显著的空间集聚效应,资助活动尚未呈现出显著的空间集聚效应.但如果基础研究活动以现有的速度持续向东部沿海省份集聚,我国基础研究在2015年左右将从现有的非均衡多点式分布模式改变成非均衡单点式分布模式.     

国家基础科学人才培养基金严格管理提不出完善计划将不受资助

国家基础科学人才培养基金本来是资助全国基础科学人才培养基地的专项基金,但"十五"期间申请这一基金的有关基地必须更加小心翼翼地对待经费和更努力地追求效益,因为这项基金的评审和管理程序已经更加科学系统化.     

管理科学部2008年度基金项目绩效评估分析

2008年国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部对277个资助项目进行了绩效评估.评估结果显示,管理科学部资助项目完成质量持续提高,青年科研工作者在科学基金项目研究中发挥的作用日益明显.另外,在对不同类型项目、不同学科项目和不同依托单位项目的评估结果进行分析的基础上,针对其中的不足,结合管理科学部近年来项目受理与资助中的新变化,提出了改进建议.     

中国管理科学学科发展态势计量分析

本文从国家自然科学基金资助情况和在国际重要期刊上发表论文情况两个维度，梳理中国管理科学2009-2018年的发展态势。研究结果显示国家自然科学基金是管理科学研究资助的主渠道，资助项数和资助金额稳步增加。中国学者在国际重要期刊上发表的论文数量增长迅速，从2009年的1314篇增长到2018年的6309篇，年均增长19.04%。此外，第一作者或通讯作者论文占比也从2009年的69.03%增长到2018年的88.57%。2009-2018年中国学者的发文总量居世界第三，2018年单年发文量居世界第二，国际合作论文数稳步增长，表明近年来中国管理科学研究呈现出快速发展态势。结合基金资助和发表论文的增速来看，发文量的年均增长率高于基金资助的增长率，并且受资助论文数量和占比逐年增加，表明国家自然科学基金对中国管理科学研究的资助效果明显。     

管理科学与工程学科基金项目资助和SCI论文发表情况分析

系统地统计了2003～2008年国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部管理科学与工程学科面上项目和青年项目受资助的总体情况,分析了各个子学科类别的资助状况和发表SCI论文情况,同时分析比较了国家"十一五"与"十五"期间的资助项目情况和发表SCI论文数量情况,找出其中存在的问题并对其原因进行了分析.最后,依据国家自然科学基金"十一五"发展战略,提出今后国家自然科学基金资助策略和建议.     

中国管理学者的悲哀

举目望去,在我们国家的人文社会科学众多学科中,管理学科可得到的研究基金算得上"老大",每年除了从社会科学基金、软科学基金、政策研究基金获得研究资助之外,还有一个是其他     

国家自然科学基金资助体系中管理科学与工程学科的资助特点与发展路径

本文分析了2010-2022年国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学与工程学科资助项目的发展趋势与项目特征等资助特点，探讨了科学基金资助体系中管理科学与工程学科的发展路径；进而论证了科学基金资助体系通过项目类型设置、学科规划要求、项目管理办法等规则主导了学科发展方向、同时学者智慧以多种方式对其发挥作用并产生影响这一基本运作逻辑，并提出了作为科学基金资助体系中重要主体的学科处与学者在这一运作逻辑下如何紧密合作以实现推动学科发展的共同目标。     

A comparison of applications of microcomputers in production

Earlier research has established that the full potential of microcomputers is not being achieved by production management in small companies. Moreover, questionnaire results and in-company interviews were used to support suggested reasons for this situation. This paper reports further work carried out to examine the issues raised in far more detail. Collaboration took place with nine separate companies over a range of applications. Three of these case studies are presented in detail, and general conclusions drawn relating both to these specific studies and to the total collaboration.     

供应链前沿生产函数的DEA估计研究

技术效率评价在管理学理论研究与企业市场实践中均具有重要意义,而对技术效率的评价必须立足于对前沿生产函数的估计。供应链管理已经被证实是降低成本以提供更大产品与更好服务的有效方法,然而,对于供应链的前沿生产函数的估计尚未得到研究。这主要是因为两方面研究的缺乏;其一,多产出的生产系统的前沿生产函数估计方法;其二,多阶段的生产系统的前沿生产函数估计方法。本文将提出一种供应链前沿生产函数的估计方法,以解决上述两个主要障碍。有关商业银行运作的实证研究表明,该方法能够估计供应链的前沿生产函数。     

A Behavior Analysis of Individuals' Use of the Fairness Heuristic When Interacting With Groups and Organizations

The Response Deprivation Model states that any behavior in an organism’s repertoire can serve as a reinforcer if access to that behavior is restricted. A deprivation contingency requires the organism to engage more in the target behavior in order to obtain access to the restricted behavior. This model replaces the limited and sometimes incorrect Premack Principle. By applying this model to Organizational Behavior Management, businesses can increase workers’ productivity by restricting their access to certain tasks. The reviewed studies include applications to sales and quality management. The relative paucity of current applications in Organizational Behavior Management, possible reasons for this, and solutions are discussed.     

Operations research in the management of the airlines

This paper is intended to present an introduction to the use of operations research in the international airline industry, and to demonstrate the scope and significance of the airline OR activities. First, the special reasons for the viability and spread of airline OR are discussed. Then a functional framework for an airline is outlined, to be used in analyzing the problems of an airline and relating the OR work to it. Four major applications are described, corresponding to four major components of the framework. These applications are: schedule development, overbooking control, crew scheduling and engine management, respectively. In each case we describe the problem and its significance, indicate the types of solution techniques which have been developed, and assess the implemented solutions. The paper concludes with comments on the current state-of-the-art and the future of airline OR. A detailed bibliography is given.Both of the authors have been operations research directors in major airlines and more recently have focused their attention upon the industry as academic researchers. This background has provided us with an unusual opportunity to analyze the role of OR in the airlines, and our paper seeks to share with the reader some of the insights we have gained thereby.     

Applications of neural networks in manufacturing management systems

Abstract. The inherent complexities of modern manufacturing require more sophisticated systems for their management. Neural networks, which are massively parallel interconnected networks, have been shown to have extensive applications in various systems that can be used in manufacturing management. An extensive amount of literature has been published on the applications of neural networks in manufacturing, yet no comprehensive review of this literature to date has been offered. In this paper, we review the concepts and applications of neural networks as they relate to various aspects of manufacturing management.     

Linear programming: Some unsuccessful applications

Linear Programming is a widely used technique with many successful applications to its credit. However, for a variety of reasons it is found that LP often yields disappointing results. Three small industrial problems with obvious LP structure are described, and reasons for the lack of success of the technical approach are discussed. Some elementary but commonly ignored advice on methodology is suggested to potential LP users.     

OR in the paper industry

The paper reviews the applications of OR in the paper industry and concludes that acceptance of OR is in general very poor. Some of the possible reasons for this are discussed, along with prospects for the future.     

Production planning in practice

The changes and pressures facing the manufacturing and engineering industries today are increasing the importance of effective aggregate manpower and production planning. Several different theoretical optimisation models to tackle this problem have been described in detail in the literature but there have been few applications of them in practice.The reasons for this are many but include: the difficulty in expressing managements' conflicting and mixed objectives in an objective function; the necessity to oversimplify real life systems to enable these methods to be used; the simplistic approach to manpower planning used in these models; the difficulty in gaining managements' acceptance and finally the fact that what management actually wants is a tool to assist them in planning and decision making.What is being used by many managements is a case-study deterministic simulation model. Many companies are adopting this type of model for all types of planning and twelve out of twenty-seven companies visited in a research project described in this paper were using this type of model for aggregate manpower and production planning. It is proving to be an effective management tool and is being readily accepted principally because modern specialised financial modelling languages are enabling these models to be built, understood and used by non-specialist managers.     

Simulation as a research tool in management studies

Simulation is still rarely used by management researchers, particularly those who study business and other systems as social rather than technical or mechanical entities. Why? This article explores this question. The validation issue in simulation research and several examples of good simulation practice are discussed. The main reasons for the low status of simulation research in management studies are: the emphasis on academic specialization rather than craftsmanship, the complicated systems rather than complex systems viewpoint, and the paradigm of the empirical sciences rather than design sciences which prevails in management studies.     

Reconstruction of decision-making behavior in shareholder and stakeholder theory: implications for management accounting systems

This paper focuses on two interrelated research questions. First, an analysis of managerial decision-making is incorporated into shareholder and stakeholder theory. Secondly, the paper investigates what consequences result for management accounting from inherent conceptions of managerial decision-making behavior. These research questions are based on assumptions of complex interrelationships among decision-making managers, management accountants, and techniques they employ. The findings of this research support that tenets of management accounting systems correspond best with shareholder theory. In doing so they apply financial measures, pursue the goal of profit maximization, and focus on decision-making behavior resulting from the agency relationship between shareholder and manager. Stakeholder theory, however, is fundamentally different from shareholder theory in terms of goals, management philosophy, relationships, behavioral assumptions etc. For these reasons differences with respect to managerial decision-making behavior are reasonable and different requirements related to management accounting systems appear appropriate.