斯皮瓦克和她的后殖民女权主义批评

斯皮瓦克的后殖民批评最突出特色是理论与方法上的异质性特征和鲜明的女性主义视角。她的后殖民女权主义批评的主要内容是揭露殖民主义和男性中心的权力话语对于第三世界女性的遮蔽和歪曲。她通过对西方白人女性的文学文本所作的后殖民的解读,为女权主义文学批评拓展了新的空间,也使后殖民理论得到了丰富和发展。     

殖民生态视角下林芙美子的森林情怀

林芙美子是日本昭和时期著名女作家,在日本的近代文学史上具有举足轻重的作用。林芙美子的文学记述中呈现了若干森林元素,表达了她对森林的挚爱和向往,客观再现了日本殖民时代对森林资源的攫取与侵蚀,并流露出她对人与自然关系的生态直觉意识。林芙美子曾是日本对外侵略战争的积极支持者,但对于日本殖民造成的森林灾难,她有一种源自内心的悲哀和抵触。这种森林情怀成为整体把握林芙美子文学思想不可忽略的一个侧面。     

日本帝国主义殖民统治下的台湾地区阶级分析

本文利用台湾“中央研究院”的“历史人口计划”所提供的日据时期户籍数据库,运用新韦伯派阶级分类法,分析不同出生世代的阶级结构,并以多元逻辑回归统计模型估计其阶级流动的几率。研究发现,无论在农业部门还是工业部门,越晚出生的世代(尤其是1895年后的出生者)无产阶级化的趋势越明显,而且糖业资本集中发展的中南部地区比北部地区更明显;其次,工业部门的本土雇主与自雇者大幅减少,显示日本垄断资本对台湾地区本土资本的竞争优势导致台湾地区工商业部门的无产化;第三,农业部门人口比例衰退的趋势在20世纪20年代之后逐渐稳定下来,这可能是“米糖相克”与家户生计逻辑造成的结果;第四,一方面受“农业台湾”的日本殖民政策限制,另一方面受家庭生计逻辑的影响,台湾地区的专业管理阶级或资本家在子女分户时仍经常划分农地给后嗣,因此出现了工业部门人口回流农业部门的向下流动的特殊现象,但已经靠农业就业的人口却难以流向工业部门。本文的贡献在于重建历史资料来研究日据时期台湾地区的阶级流动,并呈现工业国家之外殖民地社会的阶级不平等。     

Medicine and Politics in Colonial Peru: Population Growth and the Bourbon Reforms

Carlo Ginzburg, The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth‐Century Miller, trans. by John and Anne Tedeschi (1980), xxvii+177 (Routledge &; Kegan Paul, £7.95).

Henry Kamen, Spain in the Later Seventeenth Century 1665–1700 (1980), xiii+418 (Longman, £17.50).

L. J. Jordanova and Roy S. Porter (eds), Images of the Earth: Essays in the History of the Environmental Sciences (1979), xx+282 (British Society for the History of Science, Chalfont St Giles, paperback, n.p.).

Heinz Reif, Westfälischer Adel 1770–1860. Vom Herrschaftsstand zur regionalen Elite [The Westfalian Nobility, 1770–1860: from Ruling Estate to Regional Elite] (1979), 711 (Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen, DM 98).

David Cannadine, Lords and Landlords: the aristocracy and the towns, 1774–1967 (1980), 494 (Leicester University Press, Leicester, £19.00).

Robert Fox and George Weisz (eds), The Organization of Science and Technology in France, 1808–1914 (1981), x+355 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, £15.00).

Michelle Perrot (ed.), L'Impossible Prison: Recherches sur le système pénitentiaire au XJXe siècle (1980) 320 (Editions du Seuil, Paris, n.p.).

Robert Roth, Pratiques pénitentiaires et théorie sociale: l'exemple de la prison de Genève, 1825–1862 (1981) xiii+342 (Librairie Droz, Geneva, n.p.).

Gregory S. Kealey, Toronto Workers Respond to Industrial Capitalism 1867–1892 (1980), 433 (University of Toronto Press, n.p.)

Bryan D. Palmer, A Culture in Conflict: Skilled Workers and Industrial Capitalism in Hamilton, Ontario, 1860–1914 (1979), 331 (McGill‐Queen's University Press, n.p.).

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David Blackbourn, Class, Religion and Local Politics in Wilhelmine Germany. The Center Party in Württemberg before 1914 (New Haven and London, 1980), xv+267 (Yale University Press, £12.00).

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Berthold Hinz, Art in the Third Reich (1980), x+270 (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, £15, paperback £5.50).     

日本帝国主义在殖民地统治时期悍然抹杀朝鲜民族意识的图谋

金日成主席讲过:日本帝国主义在使朝鲜人民沦为日本永远的殖民地奴隶的野心驱使下,对朝鲜人民实施了抹杀其民族意识的恶毒政策.为了消灭朝鲜悠久的历史和灿烂的民族文化,日本帝国主义竭力对朝鲜人民强制进行奴隶教育,灌输从属思想.     

略论日本侵略战争对殖民地朝鲜造成的损害

20世纪30年代以来,日本发动的一系列侵略战争不仅给亚洲被侵略国家和人民造成了莫大的人的、物的损失和精神上的伤害,而且也给日本殖民地人民带来了深重的损失和灾难。全面侵华战争后日本更是进一步强化了朝鲜作为其侵略战争的后方基地的地位,这给朝鲜造成了巨大的物质和精神损失。     

二战时期日本的“国土计划”与殖民地台湾

日本帝国主义对台湾的殖民政策导向及活动形态,最终目的是把台湾彻底同化,并为此不断强化各项具体的殖民政策措施。在第二次世界大战期间日本策划制定的“国土计划”案中,包含:了对殖民地台湾产业及人口的分配计划等重要内容,成为针对包括本土及海外殖民地综合性开发计划的重要组成部分。1943年10月,由企画院策划制定了《中央计划草案》,其中针对台湾的计划案,继承了此前日本政府和台湾总督府制定的相关计划案。与其他殖民地地区相比,台湾的工业化构想并未受到重视,但该计划中有关工业生产目标远远高于实际状况,所以呈现了完成可能性极低的特征。虽然该计划加速了台湾对日本本土的经济性从属,但与朝鲜和中国华北地区相比,其在补充日本本土经济上的作用非常有限。     

Separated by Their Sex: Women in Public and Private in the Colonial Atlantic World

I. M. W. Harvey, Jack Cade's Rebellion of 1450 (1991), xiv + 220 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, £30.00).

Philippa C. Maddern, Violence and Social Order in East Anglia 1422–1442 (1992), 270 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, £35.00).

David Harris Sacks, The Widening Gate: Bristol and the Atlantic Economy, 1450–1700 (1991), xxvii + 464 (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, $45.00).

Carla Hesse, Publishing and Cultural Politics in Revolutionary Paris, 1789–1810 (1991), xvi + 540 (University of California Press, Berkeley, $29.95).

Marc Baer, Theatre and Disorder in Late Georgian London (1992), xv + 291 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, £37.50).

John Russell Stephens, The Profession of the Playwright: British Theatre 1800–1990 (1992), xix + 254 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, £32.50).

Jonathan Sperber, Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849 (1991), xvi + 528 (Princeton University Press, Princeton, £27.50).

Donald Reid, Paris Sewers and Sewermen: Realities and Representations (1991), 235 (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, £31.95).

Lenard Berlanstein, Big Business and Industrial Conflict in Nineteenth‐Century France: A Social History of the Parisian Gas Company (1991), xiv + 348 (University of California Press, Berkeley, $42.50).

Angela V. John, Our Mother's Land: Chapters in Welsh Women's History, 1830–1939 (1991), xiv + 216 (University of Wales Press, Cardiff £25.00, paperback £10.95).

Philip Jenkins, A History of Modern Wales, 1536–1990 (1992), x + 451 (Longman, £28.00, paperback £13.99).

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Temma Kaplan, Red City, Blue Period: Social Movements in Picasso's Barcelona (1992), xiv + 266 (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, $30.00).

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