Sustainable Development of the Population,the Economy and the Environment

TheconceptofsustainabledevelopmentwasofficiallyproposedattheWorldEnvironmentConferenceinStockholmin1972.Inl987,itwasdefinedbytheWorldEnvironmentandDevelopmentCommitteeinOurCommonFutureas"developmentthatbothsatisfiestheneedsofthemodernmananddoesnotconstitu…     

Contingent on Context? Social Work and the State in Australia, Britain, and the USA

Correspondence to John Harris, School of Health and Social Studies, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. E-mail: j.harris{at}warwick.ac.uk Summary The notion that social work is an international profession,operating with generally similar goals, methodologies, and commonvalues is considered critically. Examining the political andsocial contexts of three countries with liberal democratic governments—Australia,Britain and the United States—the role of social workwithin the welfare processes of each country is compared. Whilesocial work as an identifiable professional activity sharessome features, it is argued that the idea of its having a coreessence needs to be tempered with a realistic assessment ofthe importance of contextually created difference. Recent andrapid developments in the institutional context, such as thoseexperienced in these three countries, further underscore thelimited utility of the notion of a common professional project.     

Relations among the United States, the Soviet Union,the Guomindang and the CPC:1945-1949

抗日战争结束前后,围绕中国政局的发展,在美苏国共三国四方之间形成了独特复杂的互动关系,深刻地影响着中国政局的演变,包括国共和谈、全面内战爆发、中共取得全国政权及其对外政策的制定等等。美苏国共关系的每一次变动,都严重地冲击着东亚的国际形势,并对塑造战后东亚国际格局产生了至关重要的影响。     

Ethnic Views During the Wei,Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties Period

DuringtheperiodsoftheWei,Jin,andSouthernandNorthernDynasties(A.D.220-589),thereweremanyethnicgroupsandmanyintricateproblems.WhetherstatepowerresidedwithaHanornon-Hanruler,thevariousterritorieswereoccupiedbydiversenationalities,andethnicproblemsexisted.Thusviewsconcerningone'sownethnicgroup,otherethnicgroups,andthequestionofnationality,i.e.,ethnicviews,wereboundtoarise.Inclasssocieties,ethnicviewsaredeterminedbytheethnicnatureandclasscharacteroftherulingclassandobjectivecircumstances.During…     

Party,State and Society:the Relationship among the Three

There are cases in village self-government where the head of the villagers' committee and the secretary of the Party branch in the village are one and the same person. Under such conditions the relationship between township/town and village is simplified. Although the relationship of guidance between the township government, the guide, and the villagers' committee, the guided, and the relationship of direct control between the township/town Party committee, the controller, and the village Party branch, the controlled, are theoretically distinguishable as laid down in legal texts, it is difficult to differentiate between     

Sea Power in the Past,Present and Future

Sea power represents a civilization thatis naturally opposed to the Confucian cul-ture of China. A comparison between the twomakes this clear. Confucian civilization isethics-oriented, maintaining that "you should     

Khrushchev, Mao Zedong and the Unfulfilled SinoSoviet Military Cooperation

50年代中后期实现军事合作是中苏双方的愿望。苏联在与中国交往中确有某种程度的领导者心态,但并没有任何侵犯中国主权的意图,在长波电台和联合舰队问题上,毛泽东有意做出过激反应,其结果虽然迫使赫鲁晓夫屈服,却给中苏进一步的合作制造了心理障碍。中苏最终未能实现军事合作的根源在于社会主义同盟关系内在的不稳定性。     

The “Feeling of Knowing,” the Psychedelic Sensorium,and Contemporary Neuroscience

ABSTRACT

Noetic insight involves direct access to knowledge beyond that which is available through the five senses or through reason. It typically has to do with sensing the interconnectedness of all things, and is informed by a feeling that one knows but without knowing how. Psychedelic substances constitute one vehicle for the production of noetic experiences. Using a biopsychosocial approach, this article explores the shifting contexts for the enjoyment and analysis of noetic experience in twentieth-century American popular and scientific culture, beginning with the psychedelic revolution and culminating in the “quantum computer” turn of brain (and mind). It emerges that the ‘feeling of knowing’ may be a sensory ability after all, and a key to understanding many other forms of anomalous cognition.     

Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? Examining the Relationship between Child Neglect and Poverty

Correspondence to Dr Dominic McSherry, Institute of Child Care Research, 5a Lennoxvale, Belfast BT9 5BY, UK. E-mail: dominic.mcsherry{at}qub.ac.uk Summary The chicken and the egg conundrum neatly reflects the way inwhich the debate over the relationship between child neglectand poverty/social deprivation has developed over the last fewdecades. Some would argue that child neglect is the manifestationof a neglecting society that permits child poverty to exist,that is poverty leads to child neglect. Others contend thatit is the way that neglecting parents think, behave and interactwith other people that ultimately leads them to live a lifeof social deprivation and to neglect their children, that isparental characteristics lead to poverty and child neglect.However, these seemingly opposing perspectives can be resolvedif we consider that this relationship, like the ultimate resolutionto the chicken and egg conundrum, is circular and interdependent.     

Philosophy, Society and the Future──A Survey of the First Sino-German Academic Seminar

ThefirstSinedermanacademicseminaronthetheoryandethicsoftheeconomicorder,jointlyofganizedbytheInstituteofPhilosophyundertheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesandtheHanoverInstituteofPhilosophicalStudies,washeldinBeijingfrom6t08March1995.PresentattheseminarweresisdelegatesffomGermanyandeighteenfromChina.Discussionsattheseminarcenteredaroundfivetopics:(1)theroleofethicsinaperiodofeconomicdevelopmentandsocialtransformation;(2)thestrategyandproblemsinvolvedinestablishinganofderlymarketeconomy;(3)l…     

Face, Violence and the Absence of the State: in Household Quarrels in Chencun Village, Southern Hubei

Chencun is a traditional agricultural natural village situated in southern Hubei Province. Domestic contradictions in this village are of the following main types: in extended families, contradictions caused by household division, support payments for parents and disputes surrounding marriage issues; in nuclear families, daily quarrels between husband and wife.     

Rong Hong,Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao at the Time of the Zilijun Uprising

PaststudiesmaintainedtheZilijun(Self-RelianceArmy)uprisingwastheonlyarmedinsurrectionsolelyorganizedbythepoliticalgroupledbyKangYouweiandLiangQichao,butinrecentyears,duetothediscoveryofthediariesofMasajiInoueandmaterialscoIlectedatQiuShuyuan'shouseinSingapore,somescholarshavere-exarninedthequestionandpointoutthatSunYat-sen'sforcehadgreatinfluenceintheuprising.Ontheotherhand,theuprisingintheYangtzeRivervalleyonlyconstitutedonepartofKangYouweiandLiangQichao'splanfortheuprising.Thisessayw…     

Conventions and the Market

Theroleofconventionsinrelationtothemarketisusuallyignoredinpractice,orweareunconsciousofsucharelationshipandareunabletoconsciously,intentionallyandactivelydiscerntheabilityofconventionstoguide,controlandinfluencethemarket,ortoutilizeandguidebothactiveandpassiveaspectsofconventiontoinfluencethemarket.Ontheonehand,weintroducenewmarkettheories,andpropagatemodernmarketoperatingregulations,andontheother,wefeelthattraditionalpsychology,theforceofhabit,andthecollectiveunconsciousgreat1yinfluencethesen…     

From the Margin to the Center:Evolution of Ci, Qu and Fictionand the Transformation ofthe Intelligentsia's Discourse

Shi(Poetry),ci(poetry),xiqu(traditionalopera),fictionandessaysinabroadsensewereallmajorgenresofChineseliterature.Thefirstandlastweretheearliesttobeestablishedandtheyoccupiedacentralpositionintheliterarykingdom.Fromveryearlytimes,shiwasassignedtheideologic…     

The “Great Leap Forward,” the People’s Communes and the Rupture of the Sino-Soviet Alliance

1957年莫斯科会议以后,中共对莫斯科在国际共运中的领导地位提出了挑战。毛泽东发动的“大跃进”名为“超英赶美”,实为赶超苏联,而大办人民公社则意在为整个社会主义阵营指出了一条通向共产主义的光明大道。对此,苏联一般干部及东欧国家表现出极大兴趣,而苏共领导人则一直保持沉默。克里姆林宫的这种暧昧和怀疑的态度激怒了毛泽东,特别是在庐山会议期间得知赫鲁晓夫公开发表言论,间接地否定了人民公社后,忍无可忍的毛泽东决定向一切怀疑和反对这两项“创举”的人宣战。这是导致中苏关系破裂的另一个重要导火索。     

Work,social protection and the middle classes: What future in the digital age?

The digitalization of the economy can be interpreted as an industrial revolution, a series of technological innovations associated with new practices and new business models. As for previous industrial revolutions, a phase involving the destruction of existing systems and structures is driving a profound transformation of the world of work and the development of new sectors of activity and new jobs, including changes in the labour market and in the types of jobs created. This puts into question the position of the middle classes, and presents new challenges for social protection. This article seeks to understand the impacts of digital technology on the economy and employment, including the phenomena of labour market polarization. It describes the new forms of employment and work and analyses the social risks and the likely ramifications for the middle classes in the digital age. In turn, new possibilities for social protection in the digital age are discussed. The article concludes that there is a need to re‐evaluate jobs that involve the provision of personal and care services, including to support social investment, to strengthen the future prospects of the weakened middle classes.     

What about the fathers? The presence and absence of the father in social work practice in England,Ireland, Norway,and Sweden—A comparative study

Within Northern Europe, gendered roles and responsibilities within the family have been challenged through an emergence of different family forms, increasing cultural diversity, and progressive developments in welfare policies. To varying degrees, welfare policies in different countries support a dual‐earner model and encourage men to be more active as fathers by reinforcing statutory rights and responsibilities. In child welfare practice, there has traditionally been a strong emphasis on the mother as primary carer for the child; the father has been less visible. This paper explores, in four national welfare contexts, how child welfare social workers include fathers in practice decisions. Data were collected using focus group interviews with social workers from England, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden. Similarities and differences emerge in relation to services and the focus of social work assessments. However, overall, the research suggests that despite gains in policy and legislation that promote gender equality, fathers remain largely absent in child welfare practice decisions about the parenting of their children. From the research, we raise questions for social work practice and the development of welfare policies.     

Considerations on the Moral Approach to Problems about Agriculture, the Countryside and Farmers in China

Empirical studies on social sciences arebound to proceed from preconceived values.By the moral approach to problems aboutthe agriculture, countryside and farmers inChina we mean here the ineffaceable per-ception of values dominating relevant discus-sions in the political and academic circles thatthe economic, social and cultural problemsin the countryside are rooted, in the finalanalysis, in the morality, ideology or, insweeping terms, “quality” of some socialgroups. Therefore, the keys to t…     

Establish and Maintain the Core Value of the Humanities and Social Sciences

ＦｏｒｔｈｅｔｗｏｄｅｃａｄｅｓｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｉｓｓｕｅｏｆＳＳＩＣ ,ｉｔｈａｓａｌｗａｙｓｂｅｅｎａｈｉｇｈ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙａｃａｄｅｍｉｃｊｏｕｒｎａｌａｎｄ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄｓｃｈｏｌａｒｓｗｉｔｈｏｐｐｏｒｔｕｎｉｔｉｅｓｔｏｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓ.ＩｔｉｓｔｈｅｐｒｉｄｅｏｆＣＡＳＳ ,ａｎｄｏｆｇｒｅａｔｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｔｏＣｈｉｎａ ｓａｃａｄｅｍｉｃｓ.Ｔｈｅｑｕａｌｉｔｙａｎｄｓｐｉｒｉｔｏｆａｊｏｕｒｎａｌｉｓ,Ｉｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ ,ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄｍｏｒｅｂｙ…