努力改进和完善乡镇工作运行机制

乡镇是我国最基层的政权组织,是党和政府在农村工作的基础。随着市场经济体制的建立和完善,农村税费改革、机构改革的推进,农村社会经济生活发生了深刻的变化,乡镇党委政府的工作内容、职责任务也有很大的转变。如何改进与之相对应的工作运行机制和工作方式方法,适应这一系列的社会变革,成为摆在基层组织面前急需研究解决的现实问题。乡镇工作机制的现状及存在的问题分析管理体系存在的问题。我国的各级权力组织都具有同构性,即所谓“组织对口设置”、“上下碗口一般粗”等。这种管理体系有三大弊端:一是权力责任不一致。过去常用“上面千条…     

解决“三农”问题——要积极推动传统农业向现代农业的转变

党的十六大报告把解决“三农”问题摆在了国民经济和社会发展的重要位置。十六大报告中关于农业、农民、农村问题的重要论述,对全面繁荣农村经济、加快城镇化进程作出的重大部署,是今后一个时期我国农业和农村工作的指导方针和行动纲领。一.解决“三农”问题是实现全面小康的重点难点党的十六大报告指出,建设现代农业,繁荣农村经济,增加农民收入,是全     

加强和改进农村基层党建工作的思考

党的十六届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定》指出：“党的基层组织是党的全部工作和战斗力的基础。”加强和改进农村基层党建工作。必须坚持“以加强党的基层组织和党员队伍建设为基础”。农村基层党组织是党的细胞。是党在农村全部工作的基础,是党团结带领农民群众建设社会主义新农村的战斗堡垒。在新的历史条件下,如何围绕党的执政基础、提高党的执政能力来加强和改进农村基层党建工作。     

有效提升农村基层组织建设的整体水平

在全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化建设的新时期,加强农村基层组织建设、促进农村经济发展和社会稳定是党的建设的一项重要内容。我们济源市是直接管理到乡镇的省辖市,特殊的管理体制为深入研究、认真探索新形势下如何加强农村基层组织建设、提升农村基层组织建设整体水平提供了一个便捷的平台。现状分析“基础不牢,地动山摇”。党的农村基层组织是我们党执政的基础,是农村各种组织的领导核心,基层组织建设的整体水平如何,直接影响到党的执政根基,影响到党的工作大局。全面建设小康社会的新形势,对提升农村基层组织建设整体水平提…     

构建县处级领导干部关爱机制的思考

县(市)区在国家政权结构中处于承上启下、贯通左右的特殊地位是保证经济发展、社会和谐、政权稳固的重要环节。县级党委、政府既是基层组织的领导核心,也是做好党在地方的全面工作的基础。县级党政领导班子、领导干部的能力水平和形象作风如何,直接关系到党     

围绕大局抓党建 抓好党建促发展——安阳县着力建设高标准基层党组织

党的基层组织是党的全部工作和战斗力的基础,也是贯彻"三个代表"重要思想的组织者、推动者和实践者.因此,基层组织建设工作状况如何,直接影响党的路线、方针、政策在基层的贯彻落实,影响农村的改革发展与稳定.     

不断提高做好农村工作的能力

党的十六届四中全会作出的《中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定》,阐述了加强党的执政能力建设的重要性和紧迫性,提出了加强党的执政能力建设的指导思想、总体目标和主要任务。我们要认真学习贯彻十六届四中全会精神,充分认识加强党的执政能力建设的重大意义,真正把加强党的执政能力建设的要求落实到“三农”工作中去。党中央、国务院对“三农”工作高度重视,把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作的重中之重,摆到政府各项工作的首位,去年和今年连续两年以“1号文件”的形式部署农业和农村工作。在十六届四中全会上,胡锦涛总书记提出了“…     

归根到底看群众是否满意

中央决定，用两年左右的时间，在全国县(市)部门、乡镇、村领导班子和基层干部中开展“三个代表”重要思想学习教育活动，是加强和改进党对农村工作的领导，切实解决当前农村存在的突出问题，确保农业和农村各项工作任务落实的一项重要基础建设。要扎扎实实搞好农村“三个代表”重要思想学习教育活动，必须做到时间服从质量，务求取得实效。     

视农民工技能培训 促进农村经济快速发展

我们正处在一个伟大的时代。党中央、国务院高度重视“三农”问题,强调要把解决“三农”问题作为一切工作的重中之重。提出要牢固树立和认真落实科学发展观,按照统筹城乡经济社会发展的要求,坚持多予、少取、放活的方针,坚持党的农村基本政策,调整农业和农村经济结构,扩大农民就业,加快科技进步,深化农村改革,强化对农业的支持保护,提高粮食生产能力,力争实现农民收入较快增长,实现农村经济社会全面发展。     

着力提升农村基层党组织的领导能力

农村基层党组织作为党在农村全部工作和战斗力的基础,处在解决“三农”问题的最前沿,着力提升其领导能力,对于不断开创“三农”工作新局面,实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标具有重要的意义。近年来,我们不断探索提高农村基层党组织领导能力的新途径,取得了良好成效。一、提高农村基层党组织加快发展的能力。当前,农村经济发展日益呈现出多元化的趋势,大量农民开始从传统的农业生产模式中解脱出来,农村经济结构发生了根本性的变化,以传统农业为主的格局正逐步被打破。这种变化,要求基层党员干部在领导经济工作时,必须从过去那种依靠行政命令、…     

县委书记、县长如何成为好“搭档”

县委书记与县长的关系如何,影响着一个县的工作成效。因为他们之间的关系不只是个人与个人之间的关系,从某种意义上讲,也是县委与县政府关系的缩影,所以在一个县的领导层中,党政一把手的团结特别重要,上上下下对此都十分关注。可以说,上级组织在搭配班子……     

Finding a minimal spanning hypertree of a weighted hypergraph

Journal of Combinatorial Optimization - A hypergraph has a complex structure, which is why some re- searchers seek to transform the hypergraph into a graph. In this paper, we present two...     

我对当好乡镇长的几点思考

当前农村已经和正在发生着深刻而巨大的变化,特别是取消农业税和逐步推行新财政体制,这些新的情况必将对乡镇长的领导观念、领导方式产生深刻的影响,给乡镇领导带来新的挑战和考验.乡镇长如何面对挑战、迎接考验、不断适应这种变化,是摆在乡镇长面前迫切需要解决的重要课题.     

Organizational constraints: a meta-analysis of a major stressor

The stressor organizational constraints, reflecting aspects of the work environment that inhibit or interfere with an individual's performance of job tasks, is prevalent in the workplace. This meta-analysis summarizes findings concerning the relationships of organizational constraints with other variables. Using five search methods, we located 84 research reports that provided data from 119 independent samples that contained 33,998 employed individuals. Fitting a stressor–strain framework, constraints had significant relationships with behavioural (counterproductive work behaviour), physical (somatic symptoms), and psychological (e.g. emotions and job dissatisfaction) strains and with well-being variables. Relationships were also found with all other work environment variables, and most personal characteristics (demographics and personality) except for gender. Moreover, a series of regression and relative weights analyses based on meta-analytic correlations showed that constraints had a unique contribution to strain beyond other stressors. The current meta-analysis shows that many commonly studied variables are related to organizational constraints, and it should more often be the centre of empirical research and theoretical development.     

Characteristics of a central change programme within a governmental bureaucracy: a grounded theory study

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to present a theory of organisational change within the setting of a governmental bureaucracy. Design/methodology/approach Orthodox grounded theory is employed in the setting of a change programme in 12 Audit departments of the Dutch Ministries (public-sector). Findings The examined organisational change has specific characteristics. The Dutch ‘ministerial autonomy’ and the clearly recognizable role types of the key figures involved have a strong impact on the change programme and the realisation of its goals. Research limitations/implications Findings are derived on the basis of a substantive case study of the change programme of the Dutch Departmental Audit function. The research sheds new light on characteristics related to the occupational group of Chartered Accountants and characteristics of a governmental bureaucracy and it helps to understand change programmes within this bureaucracy. Practical implications The grounded theoretical model draws attention to the impact of key figures and circumstances on a change programme within the central government. Originality/value The paper builds on theories of organisational change but applies them in the typical context of the Dutch civil service where ministerial autonomy, on the one hand, and a move in the direction of more centrally organised activities (concern idea), on the other, require a difficult balancing act of all players in the change arena.     

Meta-Analysis of Food Safety Information Based on a Combination of a Relational Database and a Predictive Modeling Tool

The management of microbial risk in food products requires the ability to predict growth kinetics of pathogenic microorganisms in the event of contamination and growth initiation. Useful data for assessing these issues may be found in the literature or from experimental results. However, the large number and variety of data make further development difficult. Statistical techniques, such as meta-analysis, are then useful to realize synthesis of a set of distinct but similar experiences. Moreover, predictive modeling tools can be employed to complete the analysis and help the food safety manager to interpret the data. In this article, a protocol to perform a meta-analysis of the outcome of a relational database, associated with quantitative microbiology models, is presented. The methodology is illustrated with the effect of temperature on pathogenic Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes, growing in culture medium, beef meat, and milk products. Using a database and predictive models, simulations of growth in a given product subjected to various temperature scenarios can be produced. It is then possible to compare food products for a given microorganism, according to its growth ability in these products, and to compare the behavior of bacteria in a given foodstuff. These results can assist decisions for a variety of questions on food safety.     

Trust as a Determinant of Opposition to a High-Level Radioactive Waste Repository: Analysis of a Structural Model

Residents in the State of Nevada hold strong opinions about the federal government's proposal to site the nation's first high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. The model developed in this study is designed to examine the relationship between public perceptions of risk, trust in risk management, and potential economic impacts of the current repository program using a confirmatory multivariate method known as covariance structure analysis. The data used to test the model was collected in a 1989 statewide survey of Nevada residents. The results indicate that, for a statewide sample, perceptions of potential economic benefits do not have a significant role in predicting support or opposition to the repository program. On the other hand, risk perceptions and the level of trust in repository management are closely related to each other and to positions on Yucca Mountain. Trust directly influences risk perceptions which, in turn, have a direct effect on the attitude toward the repository, and an indirect effect through perceived stigma effects.     

The purpose of a job interview is a job offer

Perhaps empathy has been overdone in recent years. Most of us would admit to some cynicism or disbelief when we hear the words, "I know how you feel." Having said that, however, I actually do know how you feel. If I can't identify exactly where you are coming from, I do know where you are likely to be going and how bumpy the ride is likely to be. I'm a physician and a physician executive. I am also an executive search consultant who is daily in the field interviewing physicians who may or may not be the right individuals for a client's situation. If I don't exactly feel your pain, at least I know its sources. I know how difficult it is to make the move from challenging clinical work to an administrative role in health care. While, as a group, physicians are multiskilled and multitalented, it's an unfortunate fact that some of the skills and talents that made you an excellent physician may be blocking you from succeeding in an executive capacity. My hope is that, through an occasional entry in this column, I can share my experiences and relate the remarkable wisdom of the impressive physician executives whom I meet every day. The first issue I'm opening up for discussion is employment interviewing: Why the interview is so important, what the interviewing process is, and how you can become more adept in this critical skill area.     

The Spread of a PCB Spill on a Soil Surface

Determining the fate of an oil spill on soil is often the first step in analyzing the risks of human exposure to hazardous viscous liquids such as PCBs. The special surface properties of rigidity and porosity are not among the boundary conditions in previous analyses of spills on water. The present work solves the expressions of mass and momentum conservation using a perturbation approach. Using the example of an Aroclor 1254 spill to illustrate the approach, we find that the radius at the halt of spreading is roughly proportional to spill volume for large spills. Spreading halts when the infiltration equals the spill volume. The radial distribution of infiltration decreases gradually from its central maximum, but falls suddenly to zero approaching the outer edge. Sample results are plotted for Aroclor 1254 spills from 4 to 21 liters in volume.     

The impact of a social systems scientist on a country

The process of evaluation of the impact of a social systems scientist (S³) on a country can be framed as a play (the impact of a person) within a play (the inquiry). Impact can be focused in terms of the social structure (stage), roles involved, change and the diffusion processes that characterize the development of the ‘plays’. Different meanings of the terms social systems science and country are given depending on the intentions, knowledge and context of the inquiry. A person is usually evaluated by first selecting a role through which he is viewed. Selection of the role is not a neutral decision. The main roles associated with S³ and Russell Ackoff were scientist, educator, consultant-adviser, planner-designer, social reformer, social philosopher, entertainer and preacher. A strong criterion for evaluation could be the degree of participation of a person in the development of a paradigm, ideal or myth and its nurturing institution.