The Harmonization of Property Law

The property law is the most difficult part in the harmonization of private law because of its characteristics. At present, the efforts of unification and harmonization made in this field focus on two important aspects: transfer of ownership of movables and security in movables. The first involves the harmonization of two kinds of modes about the transfer of movables: the consensual systems and the systems based on tradition; the latter involves the confirmation of different kinds of security on movables and the harmonization of concrete regulations in different countries. On the one hand, the achievements which have been made in this field adopt “soft law” as the legislative technology, which is easier to be accepted by the national laws comparing with the international convention; on the other hand, they adopt flexible and practical attitudes on legislative policies. Some efforts have been made to harmonize the property law, for there is a need of harmonization in this field as well. But comparing to contract and commercial law, it is more difficult to establish an uniform regulation in this field. Maybe the time to harmonize the property law is not ripe.     

重构国有企业产权制度

介绍现代化企业产权制度概述、重构该制度的意义及内容。     

Property and 'Patriarchy' in English History

Abstract This article seeks to demonstrate that the gendered structuring of property relations in England can be understood in terms of the historical development of modes of production and reproduction. Society at the barbarian chiefdom, feudal, and capitalist stages of development is analysed. It is argued that gender relations within barbarian chiefdoms were contradictory, and that these contradictions had detrimental implications for women under feudalism. Given this historical legacy, it is then argued that the specificity of capitalist property rights laid the basis for the division of classes along the lines of gender.     

Public Opinion about Property Distribution at Death

No abstract available for this article.     

改革农地产权制度切实保护耕地

耕地是人类赖以生存的主要生产资料,是人们的衣食之源.我国人均耕地是世界上最少的国家之一,土地总体质量欠佳,有效后备耕地资源不足,人地矛盾异常突出,如何切实有效地保护耕地,以实现耕地总量动态平衡的目标,已经引起各级政府的高度重视.目前人们较多关注的问题是宏观调控、行政管理、总体规划、法律保护、动态监测等等,这无疑都是十分正确和非常有意义的.然而,从长远观点和根本意义上分析,土地产权制度本身的缺陷所引起的种种问题可能恰恰是耕地有效保护的难点.     

论高校教师的再教育

在许多人眼里,企业秘书仍是一种既让人熟悉又不被人了解的职业.秘书的辅助和参谋作用在该职业特征中最具代表性.优秀的秘书会使人想到干练、精明、繁忙的处事作风,待人接物彬彬有礼的仪态,胸有成竹的自信.总之,秘书这个词会让许多正准备从事这个职业的人有太多的想象.然而,企业秘书如何才能做好工作?企业需要秘书学什么?是秘书的本科文凭、资格认证还是工作经验?国际秘书节南京"好秘书班"提供了企业需要的三门课程:秘书的外貌管理、态度管理和工作管理.综合分析后发现,这都在强调秘书的沟通能力.     

The Self as Public Property: Made in Israel

This article examines the connection between state order and self‐understandings in everyday life through a case study of the “Boarding School for Gifted Disadvantaged” in Israel. It includes content analysis of governmental protocols that documented the establishment of the boarding school (governmental constitution of a new self‐concept) and interviews with sixty of its graduates (self‐understandings in everyday life). The findings reveal how the new cultural order invented a new selfhood, “gifted disadvantaged,” previously unknown in Israel. This category is based on structural distinctions between being “naturally” gifted versus the governmental constitution of gifted status. Interviews with graduates indicate that they experience selfhood as a philanthropic gift bestowed on them by the state of Israel and voice their gratitude toward the state. The concluding discussion suggests that the graduates experience their selfhood as “public property.” The self, perceived as having been constructed from outside, is in a continuous dialectic between the presence and the absence of certain personal qualities.     

上海房产税改革的优化路径选择

上海房产税改革试点运行3年有余,取得了先行先试的改革示范效应,但房产税在财政收入筹集和房地产市场调节上发挥的作用并不显著,其原因主要在于房产税税制要素设计不尽合理、房产税功能定位有偏差.进一步改革的优化路径是：完善税收结构,合理税负分布,稳定和优化房地产宏观税负;合理设计房产税税制要素,实现房产税向存量房逐步过渡;清理不合理的行政事业性收费,设立配套税,打包征收;逐步把房产税培育为地方主体税种,以降低财政对土地出让金的依赖.通过以上改革,实现房地产税收体系的整合和房地产税制的重塑,为我国房地产市场稳健运行建立税收制度基础.     

Families and Inheritance Decisions: Examining Non-Titled Property Transfers

This study examines the transfer of personal possessions, which is a dimension of inheritance decision making from which few families are exempt but which largely has been ignored by researchers and educators. The qualitative analysis of a purposeful sample of individual family members who had experienced a transfer of non-titled personal possessions suggested the influence of six key themes. These included: (a) a sensitivity of the issue, (b) lack of goal discussion, (c) different perceptions of fairness, (d) different meanings of objects, (e) lack of awareness of distribution options and consequences, and (f) potential for conflict. The themes identified reinforced that inheritance is not simply an economic or legal issue but one with complex emotional and family relationship dimensions. The findings provide the foundation for further research agendas and for developing educational resources to help family members communicate about and make more informed decisions regarding the transfer of non-titled property.     

关于共有产权房模式的认识

发展共有产权房、增加中低收入群体的财产性收入,应是当前上海住房保障制度建设中可以选择的一个主攻方向。上海可构建一个包括廉租房、经适房、公租房、安置房等在内的共有产权住房保障体系。     

Gender Power and Property Relations Within Entrepreneurial Wealthy Families

This article challenges the popular image of middle and upper class women as beneficiaries and consumers of wealth and correspondingly of men as the central agents in the creation of wealth. Rather this paper demonstrates that women are active in the generation of wealth, but are not given the recognition they deserve, and are increasingly marginalized in the management and ownership of wealth. In seeking to explain this, wealth formation will be identified as a process constituting three stages: wealth creation, wealth accumulation and wealth preservation, whereby gender relations underlined by patriarchal practices propel male kin to positions of power and influence whilst overshadowing female kin. Data for this paper have been drawn from the findings of a study of 70 rich families in one of the midland counties of England and includes industrial, commercial, landed and ‘old’ and ‘new’ wealth.     

Affective Housing Ownership in China’s New Property Regime

This article investigates the ‘affective’ dimension of Chinese urbanites’ ubiquitous practices of real estate investment and hard bargaining against housing demolition. In their endeavours regarding the active or ‘passive’ possession of housing property, investors and evictees share an immense mania and anxiety over exploiting or missing out on this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to participate in the property pursuit. I depict how the notion of affect, as represented by anxiety and a vernacular moral expression, conjoined to reshape urban subjectivity. The present case of housing investment mania and counter-demolition acuity in a whole new private property regime represents a fluid context for exploring affect’s concrete penetrating power that allows us to go deeper toward revealing social phenomena and sociality.     

The Origins and Influence of Land Property Rights in Vietnam

Vietnam's 1993 Land Law was intended not only to increase the security of farmers’usage rights to their land, but also to facilitate land transfers. Despite potential benefits, the actual issuance of land‐use rights certificates to farmers (as specified by the law) proceeded rather slowly in some regions. This article seeks to identify factors that explain the emergence of this form of property right as well as to measure its effect on agricultural production. The results suggest that the certificate's direct contribution may be rather small in the absence of the appropriate supporting conditions and institutions.