共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
David S. Loughran Ashlesha Datar M. Rebecca Kilburn 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(3):223-242
The theoretical and empirical literature on parental investment focuses on whether child-specific parental investments reinforce
or compensate for a child’s initial endowments. However, many parental investments, such as neighborhood quality and family
size and structure, are shared wholly or in part among all children in a household. The empirical results of this paper imply
that such household parental investments compensate for low endowments, as proxied by low birth weight.
相似文献
M. Rebecca KilburnEmail: |
2.
Naoko Akashi-Ronquest 《Review of Economics of the Household》2009,7(1):59-81
A remarriage typically involves significant changes in a family’s financial circumstance, and these changes, combined with
the relative bargaining relationship between spouses, likely affect the well-being of the children who are part of the family.
In this paper, I use the separate-spheres model, a theoretical model that explains the determinants of bargaining power in
marriage, to analyze how a remarried couple’s bargaining relationship affects their child investment in stepfamilies. Based
on this theoretical model, I build and estimate an empirical model that investigates the determinants of parental investment.
As evidence of parental preference for biological children over stepchildren, I find that an increased wage rate of a biological
mother significantly improves her child investment when her husband is a stepfather of the child, while there is no such effect
for mothers living with the biological father of the child.
相似文献
Naoko Akashi-RonquestEmail: |
3.
Dissociation,Traumatic Attachments,and Self-Harm: Eating Disorders and Self-Mutilation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sharon K. Farber 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(1):63-72
Self-harm, such as eating disorders and self-mutilation, represents dissociated compensatory attempts to serve self-regulatory
functions. Self-harm develops when the child who has become attached to those who have inflicted pain and suffering maintains
that attachment by inflicting pain on himself. Brain imaging studies have found that the communication pattern between parent
and child shapes the way the child’s attachment system adapts to experiences with the attachment figure, literally hardwiring
the child’s brain. The good news is that a safe and secure attachment is very good medicine and can rewire the brain. An attachment-based
multi-phase approach to treatment is presented.
相似文献
Sharon K. FarberEmail: |
4.
Agreeing on more than chicken soup: Intra-household decision-making and treatment for child psychopathology 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Frederick J. Zimmerman 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(3):229-252
Using a large, U.S. dataset it is shown that children are more likely to receive needed mental health specialty treatment
when women have greater decision-making power, as measured by an index of wife-favorable divorce laws and by the sex ratio
at the time of marriage. Stratified analyses show that this effect is modified by the degree of marital conflict. Marriages
characterized by high conflict conform more closely to the unified household model. The paper then presents a model of household
decision-making consistent with these results that incorporates both objective determinants of bargaining power as well as
the role of violent coercion in maintaining otherwise unsustainable equilibria. Implications for improving children’s access
to mental health treatment are offered.
相似文献
Frederick J. ZimmermanEmail: |
5.
It follows from a number of theoretical models of marriage that the scarcer women are relative to men, i.e., the higher the
sex ratio, the less married women are likely to participate in the labor force. Such sex ratio effects may be stronger among
less educated women. These predictions are tested using individual data from Current Population Surveys for four regions of
the U.S. (Northeast, Midwest, South and West), and for the U.S. as a whole, covering the period 1965–2005 at 5-year intervals.
Within-region sex ratio variation results from variation in cohort size (due principally to large fluctuations in number of
births) and limited fluctuations in the difference between male and female age at marriage. As hypothesized, we find that
sex ratios are inversely related to women’s labor force participation, reflecting that ceteris paribus women born in years
of peak baby-boom are more likely to be in the labor force than women born in years of peak baby-bust. Additionally, weaker
sex ratio effects are found among educated women in two of the four regions of the United States.
相似文献
Shoshana GrossbardEmail: |
6.
Julie C. Dunsmore Pa Her Amy G. Halberstadt Marie B. Perez-Rivera 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2009,33(2):121-140
This study investigated parents’ emotion-related beliefs, experience, and expression, and children’s recognition of their
parents’ emotions with 40 parent-child dyads. Parents reported beliefs about danger and guidance of children’s emotions. While
viewing emotion-eliciting film clips, parents self-reported their emotional experience and masking of emotion. Children and
observers rated videos of parents watching emotion-eliciting film clips. Fathers reported more masking than mothers and their
emotional expressions were more difficult for both observers and children to recognize compared with mothers’ emotional expressions.
For fathers, but not mothers, showing clearer expressions was related to children’s general skill at recognizing emotional
expressions. Parents who believe emotions are dangerous reported greater masking of emotional expression. Contrary to hypothesis,
when parents strongly believe in guiding their child’s emotion socialization, children showed less accurate recognition of
their parents’ emotions.
相似文献
Julie C. DunsmoreEmail: |
7.
David E. Kalist 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(3):219-235
The Ladies Professional Golf Association provides a unique setting to examine productivity differences between women with
children and women without children. In this paper, productivity is directly observed (e.g., the player’s golf score), unlike
most studies that use wage as a proxy for productivity. Therefore, discrimination cannot be a source of observed differences
in productivity between mothers and nonmothers, since the earnings of players are strictly determined by relative performance.
Using panel data on women professional golfers, I find that motherhood lowers productivity. The productivity of women who
eventually become mothers increases in the years before giving birth and then declines thereafter. The results support the
human-capital explanation and Becker’s effort hypothesis of the family gap. One further finding is that marriage increases
productivity.
相似文献
David E. KalistEmail: |
8.
Most analysis of intrahousehold decisions has been conducted using aggregate revealed preference data where preferences of
individual agents are never observed, only the household consumption outcomes are observed. We examine household behavior
in a bargaining framework by combining stated preference information from individual members of the household with revealed
preference information on the household’s actual choices. The resulting model provides information on the degree to which
the decision is the result of a bargaining process as well as information on the factors affecting bargaining power.
相似文献
Wiktor AdamowiczEmail: |
9.
This paper analyzes income-pooling by using a unique Danish data set that includes questions on income pooling among 1,696
couples. The analyses show that most Danish households use some kind of income pooling and that the proportion of income pooled
varies considerably according to individual characteristics (age, education, occupation, past partners, upbringing) and household
characteristics (household income, duration of marriage, location of residence and the existence of public goods, including
children). However, when all variables are evaluated in a common model, the duration of marriage and the existence of children
predominantly affect the likelihood of income pooling.
相似文献
Jens BonkeEmail: |
10.
This paper examines antecedents and consequences of faculty women’s academic–parental role balancing, defined as the process of experiencing greater interrole facilitation/enhancement than interrole conflict/depletion. It is posited that childcare responsibilities affect the career–family challenges academic women face, i.e., dueling tenure and biological clocks, reduced mobility for faculty women with children, and the illusion that a flexible academic schedule permits one to perform all the responsibilities of a full-time academic and a full-time parent. The paper presents a theoretical model of factors that serve either to contribute to or complicate academic–parental role balancing. Propositions about the relationships between these antecedents and role balancing, and between role balancing and its consequences, are identified. Practical implications of academic–parental role balancing are also considered.
相似文献
Susan Stites-DoeEmail: |
11.
The percent of households headed by married couples has recently fallen below 50%, while the percent of unmarried couples
(both heterosexual and homosexual) continues to rise. Nationally-representative estimates of unmarried couples which first
appeared in the 1990 and 2000 decennial Censuses are now available on an annual basis through the American Community Survey.
In this paper we use state-level panel data from 2000–2006 on the percent of households headed by married couples, same sex
couples and opposite sex unmarried couples to assess widespread claims in the popular press of causality across living arrangements.
Based on Granger causality tests we can reject claims that an increase in same sex couples has caused either a decline in
marriage or (except in one case) an increase in heterosexual cohabitation. There is mixed evidence whether or not opposite
sex couples may have Granger caused same sex couples, but stronger evidence that marriage and heterosexual cohabitation are
interrelated.
相似文献
Jason BarrEmail: |
12.
Do women value marriage more? The effect of obesity on cohabitation and marriage in the USA 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Sankar Mukhopadhyay 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(2):111-126
This paper looks into the impact of obesity and other factors on first entry into a marital or cohabiting union, using 1997
cohort data from the national longitudinal survey. Results show obese women are less likely to be accepted into either cohabitation
or marriage, while obese men are less likely to be accepted in a cohabitating relation but are not less likely to enter into
marriage. Income affects all union and all genders symmetrically, increasing the likelihood of a union. These results suggest
that marriage is a special form of union for women, so they are willing to marry obese men because they value other factors
related to the marriage choice, such as commitment or the prospect of having children. Men do not appear to value these factors
as much, so obese women are less likely to be accepted into either cohabitation or marriage.
相似文献
Sankar MukhopadhyayEmail: |
13.
We examined the role of human capital in determining economic well-being and marital status of mothers with children. We analyzed
1996 data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a nationally representative survey of 36,700 American
households conducted by the Census Bureau. The results indicate that among the human capital variables postsecondary education
significantly improves the economic well-being of mothers irrespective of their marital status. Also, educated mothers are
more likely to be married. These findings are especially relevant as we debate the importance of marriage in poverty alleviation.
相似文献
Jeoung-hee KimEmail: |
14.
Yoko Mimura 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(1):152-165
This study examined the relative effects of housing cost burden versus poverty thresholds to explain the economic hardship
of low-income families and compared the differences in these effects among White, Black, and Hispanic families with children
in the United States of America. The findings from the multivariate analyses indicate that poverty status better explains
variations in economic hardship than housing cost burden status. In respect to group differences, association between poverty
status and economic hardship score are different between White and Black families. The results of this study raise the issues
of housing cost burden and economic hardship that the country’s low-income Black families disproportionately experience relative
to their White and Hispanic counterparts.
相似文献
Yoko MimuraEmail: |
15.
Zhai Yuanjian 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(2):429-437
China’s previous contract laws had many contradictions and failed to meet the needs of China’s developing market economy.
Although some problems still need to be dealt with, the unified contract law is more advanced, systematic and plays an important
role in fostering and encouraging transactions.
相似文献
Zhai YuanjianEmail: |
16.
Parental time has been identified as a key determinant in the healthy development of a child. The literature on this topic
has rapidly increased in recent years and has revealed large variations in the amount of time that parents devote to their
children, including variations over time and across social and economic subgroups of the population. This paper synthesizes
research devoted to parental time to provide a more succinct understanding of its significance and its variations. Beginning
with the measurement issues associated with parental time research and the theoretical foundations, the paper goes on to document
the social and economic determinants of parental time. It concludes with a discussion of the theoretical implications of the
findings and suggestions for future research.
相似文献
Anne H. GauthierEmail: |
17.
This paper concerns the author’s countertransference reflections on her work with a gay adolescent who identifies with powerfully
destructive internal objects, including Hitler and the Monster. The author describes her countertransference inquiry through
which she experiences her own potential destructiveness in order to help accommodate her adolescent patient’s rejected and
disowned self states.
相似文献
Shoshana RingelEmail: |
18.
The Influence of Social Supports on Employment for Hispanic, Black, and White Unmarried Mothers 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Melissa Radey 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):445-460
This study considers the relationship between social supports and employment and how this relationship may differ for Hispanic,
non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White unmarried mothers with young children. Using data from the Fragile Families and
Child Wellbeing Study, this article examines how various perceived and received social supports influence later employment
outcomes. Multinomial regression analyses indicate that family, individual, and family background supports promoted employment
while community supports were associated with lower employment levels. Race-specific analyses indicate that supports were
related to employment to a much greater extent for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks than for non-Hispanic Whites. Results
suggest that unmarried mothers’ unique needs and supports must be taken into account to accommodate employment.
相似文献
Melissa RadeyEmail: |
19.
Vice Careers: The Changing Contours of Sex Work in New York City 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
In the mid-1990s, changes to law enforcement strategies in New York City pushed many women working in the sex trade off of the streets and into the indoors. Increasing numbers of women began advertising sexual services in bars, over the Internet, and in print media, and conducting their work in their homes, hotels, and brothels. This study uses in-depth interviews and participant observation to examine the impact of this change on the life and work of women working in New York’s indoor sex trade. A critical finding is that as women move their work indoors, they begin to conceive of sex work as a profession and a career, rather than just a short-term means of employment. This “professional and careerist orientation” may have significant implications for the length of women’s tenure in sex work and ultimately, for their ability to exit the trade completely.
相似文献
Alexandra K. MurphyEmail: |
20.
Several studies find a negative correlation between the ratio of males to females and measures of female labor supply in the
US. This negative correlation has been interpreted as empirical support for the hypothesis that marriage market conditions
influence intra-household allocation decisions. Given the similarity of cultures and of labor supply behavior of women in
Canada and the United States, and the fact that they both experienced baby-booms at roughly the same time, any explanation
for changes in female labor supply would be expected to hold for both countries. We test the prediction that marriage market
conditions have explanatory power for Canadian female labor force participation (LFP) rates over the period 1971–2001. We
find smaller marriage market effects for Canada than those found for the US but similar in magnitude to those found for the
US Midwest.
相似文献
Ana Ferrer (Corresponding author)Email: |