试论统计学科体系的构造与完善

试论统计学科体系的构造与完善张宏性ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｅｐａｐｅｒｄｉｓｃｕｓｅｓｔｈｅｂａｓｉｃｃｏｎｎｏｔａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｃｕｒｅｎｔｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ,ｔｈｅｐｒｉｎ...     

可持续发展与环境经济综合核算

可持续发展与环境经济综合核算薛伟ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｄｉｓｃｕｓｅｓｔｈｅｎｅｃｅｓｓｉｔｙａｎｄｗａｙｓｏｆｄｏｉｎｇｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ－ｅｃｏｎｏｍｙａｃｃｏｕｎｔｉｎｇ,ａｎｄａｎａｌｙｓｅｓｔｈｅｐｒｉｎ...     

序列相关的检验与诊断

序列相关的检验与诊断赵进文ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＩｎｇｅｎｅｒａｌｏｐｉｎｉｏｎ,ｔｈｅｍｏｄｅｌｓｗｅｂｕｉｌｔｈａｖｅｐｏｗｅｒｆｕｌｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｆｏｒｅｃａｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｓｏｌｏｎｇａｓｔｈｅｙａｒｅａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄｂｙｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎ...     

市场调研访问员的培训与管理

市场调研访问员的培训与管理戴亦一ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｅｍａｒｋｅｔｇｕｉｄａｎｃｅｉｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｅｎｔｅｒｐｒｉｓｅｓ＇ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｇｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｕｎｄｅｒｍａｒｋｅｔｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ．Ｗｉｔ...     

可持续发展与投入占用产出分析

可持续发展与投入占用产出分析王志宏ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＩｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ,ｓｏｍｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＩｎｐｕｔ－Ｏｃｃｕｐａｎｃｙ－ＯｕｔｐｕｔＡｎａｌｙ－ｓｉｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｒｅ...     

中国出口与有效汇率的关系分析

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关于技术进步与经济增长关系的若干思考

关于技术进步与经济增长关系的若干思考白雪梅赵松山ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｗｏｉｓｓｕｅｓｗｅｒｅｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ．Ｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｏｎｅｉｓｈｏｗｔｏｍｅａｓｕｒｅｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｔｏｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍ...     

应当关注度量技术供给与需求关系的统计指标

应当关注度量技术供给与需求关系的统计指标丁晓良牛文元ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｅｐａｐｅｒｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｓｆｒｏｍｔｈｒｅｅａｓｐｅｃｔｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌｉｎｄｉｃａｔｏｒｓｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｒｅｌａ...     

我国农业用地利用状况、问题与建议

我国农业用地利用状况、问题与建议范小玉ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｓｔｈｅｂａｓｉｓｏｆｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ．Ｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｗｉｔｈｄｅｅｐｅｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｍｏｆａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｅｃｏｎｏｍｉ...     

收入不平等因素构成分解方法与实证分析

收入不平等因素构成分解方法与实证分析刘建平ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＢｒｉｅｆａｎａｙｓｉｓｏｎｔｈｅｃｕｒｅｎｔｓｔａｔｕｓｏｆｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔｓ＇ｉｎｃｏｍｅｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｉｎｏｕｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｗａｓｍａｄｅ,ｔｈｅｎａｍｅｔｈｏｄｆａｃｔｏｒｉｎｇ...     

On Distributions of Exceedances Based on Generalized Order Statistics

Distributions of exceedance statistics based on generalized order statistics are obtained for a random threshold model. The ordinary order statistics, progressively Type-II right censored order statistics and record values are considered as special cases. The results obtained in the article imply many results on exceedance statistics for the variety of models of ordered random variables.     

在争论中不断发展与完善的统计学

 统计学发展过程中出现过的四次重要的争论。本文围绕着这些争论来展现统计学思想方法发展的历程。国势学与政治算术的争论,明确了统计学的学科性质;描述统计学与推断统计学的争论,建构了统计学的完整体系;经典统计学与贝叶斯统计学争论,带来了新的统计哲学观;信息统计学、经典统计学、贝叶斯统计学之间的争论,推进了统计推断科学化问题的研究。统计学正是通过不同学派之间的争论完善了其思想和方法体系。     

统计学在20世纪的开拓性应用回顾

20世纪以来,作为数据搜集、整理和分析的一门重要工具,统计学在众多领域里得到了极其广泛的应用,统计学的作用及其重要性已渐渐显现出来。为了使统计学在20世纪所取得的进展及其重要性能为更多的人所认识和接受,并促进中国统计学的发展,对其在社会经济、自然科学以及生物医学等相关重要领域中的开拓性应用进行了简要的概述。这些应用一方面为统计学的发展提供了机遇,同时也向统计学提出了许多新的方法和应用上的挑战,为今后统计学的发展指明了方向。因而,对这些应用的回顾具有重要的实际意义。     

Asymptotic relative efficiency of score tests in Weibull models with measurement errors

The main object of this paper is to discuss properties of the score statistics for testing the null hypothesis of no association in Weibull model with measurement errors. Three different score statistics are considered. The efficient score statistics, a naive score statistics obtained by replacing the unobserved true covariate with the observed one and a score statistics based on the corrected score statistics. It is shown that corrected and naive score statistics are equivalent and the asymptotic relative efficiency between naive and efficient score statistics is derived.     

Wald,LM and LR test statistics of linear hypothese in a strutural equation model

For the linear hypothesis in a strucural equation model, the properties of test statistics based on the two stage least squares estimator (2SLSE) have been examined since these test statistics are easily derived in the instrumental variable estimation framework. Savin (1976) has shown that inequalities exist among the test statistics for the linear hypothesis, but it is well known that there is no systematic inequality among these statistics based on 2SLSE for the linear hypothesis in a structural equation model. Morimune and Oya (1994) derived the constrained limited information maximum likelihood estimator (LIMLE) subject to general linear constraints on the coefficients of the structural equation, as well as Wald, LM and Lr Test statistics for the adequacy of the linear constraints.

In this paper, we derive the inequalities among these three test statistics based on LIMLE and the local power functions based on Limle and 2SLSE to show that there is no test statistic which is uniformly most powerful, and the LR test statistic based on LIMLE is locally unbised and the other test statistics are not. Monte Carlo simulations are used to examine the actual sizes of these test statistics and some numerical examples of the power differences among these test statistics are given. It is found that the actual sizes of these test statistics are greater than the nominal sizes, the differences between the actual and nominal sizes of Wald test statistics are generally the greatest, those of LM test statistics are the smallest, and the power functions depend on the correlations between the endogenous explanatory variables and the error term of the structural equation, the asymptotic variance of estimator of coefficients of the structural equation and the number of restrictions imposed on the coefficients.     

Evidence-Based Assessment and Application of Prognostic Markers: The Long Way from Single Studies to Meta-Analysis

In recent years, several attempts have been made to characterize the generalized Pareto distributions (GPD) based on the properties of order statistics and record values. In the present article, we give some characterization results on GPD based on order statistics and generalized order statistics. Some characterizations of uniform distribution based on expectation of some functions of order statistics are also given.     

大数据时代对传统统计学变革的思考

本文在大数据时代背景下,将统计学与大数据有机地结合,剖析了大数据时代给统计学带来的变革,阐述了大数据为传统统计学带来的发展机遇。在大数据时代,为了保持统计学旺盛的生命力,本文对统计学的发展提出了几点思考。     

Wald,LM and LR test statistics of linear hypothese in a strutural equation model

For the linear hypothesis in a strucural equation model, the properties of test statistics based on the two stage least squares estimator (2SLSE) have been examined since these test statistics are easily derived in the instrumental variable estimation framework. Savin (1976) has shown that inequalities exist among the test statistics for the linear hypothesis, but it is well known that there is no systematic inequality among these statistics based on 2SLSE for the linear hypothesis in a structural equation model. Morimune and Oya (1994) derived the constrained limited information maximum likelihood estimator (LIMLE) subject to general linear constraints on the coefficients of the structural equation, as well as Wald, LM and Lr Test statistics for the adequacy of the linear constraints.

In this paper, we derive the inequalities among these three test statistics based on LIMLE and the local power functions based on Limle and 2SLSE to show that there is no test statistic which is uniformly most powerful, and the LR test statistic based on LIMLE is locally unbised and the other test statistics are not. Monte Carlo simulations are used to examine the actual sizes of these test statistics and some numerical examples of the power differences among these test statistics are given. It is found that the actual sizes of these test statistics are greater than the nominal sizes, the differences between the actual and nominal sizes of Wald test statistics are generally the greatest, those of LM test statistics are the smallest, and the power functions depend on the correlations between the endogenous explanatory variables and the error term of the structural equation, the asymptotic variance of estimator of coefficients of the structural equation and the number of restrictions imposed on the coefficients.     

互联网统计与广义统计学

论文论述了互联网统计与广义统计学的基本学说和时代要求,提出了以互联网智能化为目标的统计设计及模型开发的全面量化新统计时代的丰富内容,研究了统计工作实践向互联网统计转变、互联网统计和广义统计学对统计工作和统计学科发展的关键作用、互联网统计和广义统计学的理论方法发展,以及政府统计改革的科学性问题和统计挑战人工智能的重要作用等,这些研究对于深刻认识统计实践发展和统计学科建设具有重要的意义。     

中美两本统计学教材的对比及其启示

内容提要：本文通过对两本中美统计学教材进行细致的分析与比较,探讨经济管理类学生统计学教材中描述统计部分及推断统计部分的合理安排,应用部分如何体现统计软件的使用以及外文教材中的独特之处如何有效的把握等等。在这些比较的基础上,提出统计学教材要适当增加篇幅等八条建议,这对我国统计学教材的改革与建设有较大的参考价值。