世界不是一家

看过一个电视节目，在我脑袋里挥之不去。 那是英国的电视台采访了几个移民到西班牙的英国家庭。当我看了第一眼的时候，我心里涌起的感慨是——世界真是一个轮回。当全世界的英国使馆都在防着别人使劲往他们的弹丸之地以不正当的方式偷渡的时候。英国人也在卷起行李，抛弃他们阴雨连绵的国度，向西班牙、澳大利亚等拥有阳光海岸的国度移民。     

透视美国几大特色居住社区

美国的民宅吸收了法国、英国、西班牙的各种建筑风格,也有中国式、日本式、韩国式.这一栋栋的房子告诉世人这是一个个包容性极强的移民国家,是现代文明的一个标志.     

西班牙—摩洛哥边境的建构与治理研究

休达与梅利利亚地处非洲北端地中海南岸,是孤立在非洲大陆上的两个西班牙飞地。这两座城市的陆上边界活动与经济要素的流动,反映出摩洛哥与西班牙、欧盟与非欧盟国家之间的冲突与交流。其建构与治理不仅影响着两国的政治稳定、经济发展、外交关系,也影响着欧盟的移民政策和欧洲—非洲关系,同时建构了独特且动态的边民认同。2020年受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响,休达与梅利利亚的边境空间有了新的变化。本文通过梳理该边境问题的产生与流变,分析其“双重性”“交织性”“波动性”等特点,进而指出,休达与梅利利亚的边境空间具有屏障功能、桥梁作用、认同建构、边境建构及其重构等作用,其对研究飞地边民认同、欧盟政策与欧洲—地中海关系意义重大。     

西班牙语中英语外来词的应用与原因

西班牙语是联合国规定的六大官方语言,在西班牙语中,有大量的外来词,主要源自英语。本文就西班牙语中英语外来词的应用与原因进行分析。     

黑龙江省移民类型探讨

解放后黑龙江省吸收了700多万移民,其中有从苏联、朝鲜回国的华侨,有来自日本、苏联的日侨、俄侨;有从山东、河北、安徽等省来的集体移民或自流人口,也有在省内从甲地迁到乙地的迁移人口;有单身移民,也有全家移民;有定居后不再移动的,也有住上一、二年就移动的,等等,情况是比较复杂的。本文着重从划分类型,分析各类移民的特点及相互间关系入手,试图对移民现象的规律作一初步探求。     

以教育生态视角析库区移民教育

移民迁建后的长治久安,始终是困扰世界大中型水利工程建设的一个重大难题。移民迁建后如何保证他们走上可持续发展之路。地方又如何利用国家重点建设工程带动移民地方社会与经济发展,这都是值得思考的问题。结合以上两个方面,我们发现在移民的迁建过程中,移民原有的文化属性、水准及受教育程度,会对移民的迁建速度和社会经济生活重建产生重大的影响。而这些又都与移民教育有很大的关系。     

西班牙流感病毒的自述

禽流感、猪流感、非典、艾滋、疯牛病……它们造成的恐怖后果相信大家都有一定的了解吧。和它们比起来,我更老：90多年前的那场大流感,我感染了当时半数以上的地球人。你问我是谁？美国人叫我“西班牙女士”。可我并非来自西班牙,也没有女士的温柔与贤淑。当时在全球范围内约有5000万人因我丧生,我在西班牙感染了近八百万人,所以我被称为西班牙型流行性感冒。而在西班牙本土,则称我为法国型流行性感冒。     

青年白领移民社会适应实证研究

青年白领移民的社会适应状态是该群体能否在所居城市永久居留的重要表征。城市外来移民居留意愿的选择,历来存在客观因素决定论和主观因素决定论两种研究取向。调查发现,青年白领移民生活压力对社会适应具有显著性影响,青年白领移民的平均社会适应水平对青年白领的呈偏低态势,多数的青年白领移民有居留趋向。虽然研究数据一定程度上支持客观因素决定论的研究取向,但决定白领移民是否居留应是主客观因素共同作用的结果,对所在城市的主观认同和归属是青年白领移民真正植根的根本标志。     

家文化的认同与海外华人的生存和适应

"家"对于华人而言有着深刻的含义,这种既是责任又是义务的认同使得海外华人能够抱团生存,不仅形成了特有的"小生境"而且一直以"通道"相连接。孔飞力先生在《他者中的华人》简要地描述了中国近现代的移民史,梳理移民史进程的同时也提出了很多新的视角,使得读者对于近现代不同阶段移民外出的原因和结果有了初步的认知,对移民的生存环境和适应移居地的情况有了充分的理解。文章从文化的角度,以"家"的视角来看早期华人移民的迁出和在迁入地的适应和生存情况,以及这种文化观念对于移民生活的影响。     

在中国打造“西班牙语之家”

全世界有20多个西班牙语国家,约五亿人口讲西班牙语。北京塞万提斯学院的院长易玛·孔萨雷斯·布依常说,西班牙语国家就像是一个“大家庭”。自学院2006年成立至今,易玛欣喜地看到,越来越多的中国人开始认识到西班牙语作为第二外语的重要价值,而她也一直致力于通过学院的平台,推动中国和西班牙语国家之间的文化和学术交流。     

Professional Placement and Professional Recognition of Social Education Graduates in Spain: A 10‐year Balance

The aim of this article is to reflect on the level of professional recognition of social educators and social care workers in Spain. Our findings are based on data and conclusions obtained from recent studies of professional placement among social educators. One of those studies contains research carried out with graduates in social education from the University of Girona (Spain). We present the most important data on the employability of social education graduates and provide information on the professional standing of social educators in Spain.     

The hub continent. Immigrant networks, emigrant diasporas and FDI

This paper studies the relations between bilateral FDIs and immigrant networks of France, Germany, UK, Italy and Spain, and the emigrant diasporas of Italy and Spain. It focuses on skilled and unskilled immigrants and on ties with developing and developed countries. Results evidence two different network models: FDIs of UK, Germany and France are prompted by the ties of skilled immigrants, while those of Italy and Spain are only influenced by their respective diasporas. The disparity may stem from history. Differently from the findings of previous literature, the effects of networks with developing countries are similar to those with rich economies.     

Television and identities: analysis of the consumption of ‘telenovelas’ by the Latin American community in Spain

This article analyses the consumption of ‘telenovelas’ by Latin American residents in Spain. Our hypothesis is that ‘telenovelas’ are a way of constructing identities especially in communities that have emigrated to other countries and which can be seen in their specific viewing preferences for fiction. We have carried out a survey following the methodology applied in these kinds of studies. The survey was applied to 219 Latin American subjects who reside in Spain. We demonstrate that the main factors influencing the consumption of ‘telenovelas’ by the Latin American community residing in Spain are related to the cultural identities of the countries of production and which are represented in the context of the different storylines, such as natural locations, costumes and language. The results show that further research in this field is needed in order to identify the derivations of perceptions by the immigrant collectives through successful products such as ‘telenovelas’.     

Migration networks and policy impacts: insights from Romanian–Spanish migrations

Migration networks are now generally recognized as a means of adapting to or circumventing states’ migration policies, but little research has been carried out on quite how they work. In this article, we analyse migrant networks between Romanian and Spain over the last 20 years. We contrast two villages to reveal how different reactions to policy changes depend on the level of development of migration networks. Among these policy changes are regularizations of irregular migrants in Spain, the visa‐free entry of Romanians into Schengen countries enacted in 2002, EU enlargements in 2004 and 2007, and a bilateral agreement on labour recruitment between Romania and Spain. We conclude that networks can help migrants circumvent restrictive policies, foster the effective take‐up of permissive policies or even impede them, depending on the development of the migration networks of the communities.     

The accession of Spain and Portugal to the EC from the aspect of the free movement of labour in an enlarged common labour market

The implications of Spain and Portugal joining the European Common Market are considered as they concern the free flow of labor among member countries. The author suggests that a migration potential of about 1.5 million workers exists in these two new member countries. Since these workers cannot be absorbed by the labor markets of other member countries, the author proposes that the flow of labor be controlled and regulated following the accession of Spain and Portugal. (summary in FRE, SPA)     

The professionalization of Spanish social work: moving closer to Europe or away from its roots?

This article will review the processes of professionalization of social work in Spain. With the advent of democratic Spain, many professions began a process of transformation. Those rooted in the relationship between the citizens, their rights and obligations, and the state, were among the first to be challenged. Social work was one of them. Soon thereafter, the European Union (EU), which Spain joined in 1986, brought forth greater challenges and incentives to change. In 1999, Spain and 29 other countries signed the Bologna Declaration, which committed the country to the development of a shared domain (often referred to as ‘espacio común’) with European higher education. This article reviews the historical process of insertion of social work, heavily influenced by the Catholic tradition of caring, into the universities. The paper examines the model of social work education in Spain, before and during Franco's era, and the professionalization (sometimes referred to as ‘tecnificación’) of care-giving and training-paradigms that followed the advent of democracy. Current models and efforts to bring Spanish social work into EU compliance have narrowed the gap with the Anglo-Saxon world; but have they distanced social work in Spain from its roots?     

The perfect storm? How to explain the rise of intergovernmental conflicts in Spain? (1984–2014)

As in other federal-like countries, intergovernmental relations in Spain are characterised by a series of conflicts between central and regional governments. But, which factors explain this dynamic of contention? This investigation operationalises intergovernmental conflicts through a specific dataset constituted by the volume of contestations between regional and central executives (and vice versa) in Spain before the Constitutional Court. This research demonstrates that from 1984 to 2014 the periods of absolute majority at the Congress and the victory of peripheral nationalist parties at the head of autonomous communities increased the level of intergovernmental contestations.     

Sexology as a Profession in Spain: Results of the “Euro-Sexo” Study on the Practice of Sexology in Spain

This article presents the major results of a survey on the profession in Spain. An international research program previously conducted in eight European countries (Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and the United Kingdom) was adapted to Spain. The sample was made up of Spanish professionals who were members of professional organizations in sexology. The questionnaire used in the other European countries was translated and adapted into Spanish; its 89 questions inquired into: the sociodemographic profile of respondents, their initial academic and professional background, the specific training received in sexology or human sexuality, and their professional practices in sexology. In Spain, most sexologists are women from a nonmedical health profession. Most respondents received specific training in sexology and stated that it is not necessary to be a physician to be a sexologist. The findings bring to light many similarities with the data collected in the eight other European countries.     

The impact of the crisis on homelessness in Spain: social intervention in a context of greater need and fewer resources

The purpose of this article is to deepen the understanding of the impact of the social and economic crisis on homeless people in Spain. To this end we present the results of research carried out prior to the crisis and later updated in the midst of the economic recession, underscoring the main results obtained in both periods and tracing their evolution. The number of homeless people in Spain has risen as a result of the crisis. Moreover, while some characteristics of this group remain the same, others have changed. Hence, difficulties in access to the labour market and cuts in certain economic benefits are resulting in an increase in the duration of social inclusion processes. This results in a worsening of the personal situation of the homeless, especially in relation to mental illness and substance abuse. The immigrant population is the group most affected by these impacts. The situation clearly demonstrates the need to reflect on how to deal with the problem of homelessness in Spain, and to rethink the way professionals intervene, especially during periods of economic recession.     

A New Immigration Regularization Policy: The Settlement Program in Spain

The topic of regularization of immigrants has occupied a position high on the agenda in Spain and elsewhere. In this paper, we contribute to this particular issue by providing an evaluative case study in Spain using administrative data from the Province of Barcelona from 2005 to 2009, which allows survival analysis, the follow‐up of migrants’ trajectories after regularization and the examination of the hazard of lapsing back into irregularity. Our analysis reveals critical differences on the effectiveness of two pathways to earned legalization in Spain as a policy: the 2005 Normalisation and the Settlement Program in full operation since 2006.