基于区域集聚的产业价值共享模型研究

随着社会经济和技术的不断发展,传统的关于区域产业集聚的产业共享观点存在的产业背景发生了巨大的变化.本文拟对区域集聚的产业价值共享问题研究,提出区域产业集聚是基于区域产业能力的一种产业能动选择,塑造产业竞争优势是产业能动选择的新的发展目标,产业价值共享是培育产业核心能力的内在要求,而优势产业和产业优势要素是区域产业选择和产业价值共享的目标,并为二次产业提供基础和依据,构建了基于区域集聚的产业价值共享模型.     

利用CAPM计算中国房地产行业资本成本

行业资本成本特别是中国房地产行业资本成本的计算具有重要的意义,这不但是房地产行业的投资者进行投资的主要参考依据,也是房地产企业投融资活动的重要参考依据。本文首先对资本成本理论进行了综述,并且利用经典资本资产定价模型即CAPM理论对中国房地产行业资本成本进行了计算,得出中国房地产行业的资本成本为12.44%。在此基础之上可以初步认为:如果中国房地产投资的实际回报率低于12.44%,而仍然有大量资金涌入的话,那么该行业确实存在着一些“泡沫”。     

Strategic Groups and the Analysis of Market Structure and Industry Dynamics1

This paper provides an overview of strategic groups research and argues that it should be linked more closely to questions central to strategic management. Particularly fruitful directions for future research include industry evolution, competitive and industry dynamics, and linkages to resource-based theories. Specific observations and suggestions are made about the content and method of strategic groups research. These are illustrated by reference to empirical studies of the pharmaceutical industry and the food processing industry.     

中国制造业IT投资的绩效与行业特征调节效应

以中国制造业上市公司为研究样本,对信息技术投资与企业绩效之间的关系进行比较分析,并阐释行业特征变量在其中所起的调节作用.实证分析结果表明,信息技术投资有利于提高企业绩效,行业集中度、行业资本密集度和行业增长率均对信息技术与企业绩效之间的关系有明显的调节作用.本研究结论在一定程度上拓展了信息技术投资与企业绩效之间关系的研究内容,对中国制造业的信息化建设有一定的战略启示.     

基于客户需求的移动数据产业生态系统研究

围绕移动数据业务的发展,立足于移动数据业务价值网络的研究,从产业生态系统的角度分析了价值网络各环节价值增值的原理.按照马斯洛的需求层次理论,提出了在有效运作客户资源的基础上,对移动数据业务市场需求进行分析的方法.根据移动数据业务的服务对象,对市场需求进行了分类.提出了以移动运营商为核心,包括网络设备供应商、系统集成商、终端设备制造商、内容及服务提供商、虚拟运营商和用户在内的移动数字产业生态系统的基本架构.     

产业集群:提升天津滨海新区竞争力的战略选择

产业集群的研究已经成为地区或国家竞争力研究以及区域经济研究的热点.在发达国家,基于产业集群而形成的集群经济早已成为区域经济的重要板块和亮点.本文通过对产业集群理论的回顾以及对产业集群竞争优势的研究,深入思考天津滨海新区所特有的经济条件和发展优势,提出了为提升区域竞争力、加快实施产业集群的经济发展战略.     

Reviewing Industry Life‐cycle Theory: Avenues for Future Research

This paper explicates the key mechanisms and research themes of industry life‐cycle theory and assesses the extent to which empirical evidence supports such an approach. It is based on a review of 216 industry life‐cycle studies. The review of the theory is organized around industry emergence and transition to industry maturity. The key research themes concern changes in industry structure, changes in the nature of innovation, and the determinants of survival. Three potential special cases, i.e. services, complex products and systems, and cultural industries, are identified, and five research questions for future enquiry are presented.     

投资组合的行业集中度与基金业绩研究

本文探讨了投资组合的行业集中度与基金业绩之间的关系。采用Kacperczyk等的方法测量各基金的投资组合在13个行业中的资产配置情况,我们发现基金投资组合的行业集中度与基金业绩之间存在显著的负向关系,这说明行业集中度更高的基金业绩落后于那些实行分散化投资的基金。最后,不同子样本期间的考察表明结论是稳健的。因此,我们建议基金经理人在执行更为集中的行业投资策略时,应该保持谨慎的态度。     

Emergence of Industries: A Review and Future Directions

This paper reviews the literature on the emergence of industries and the theoretical and methodological approaches employed. The analysis reveals that industry emergence can be depicted as a three‐stage process. In the first, initial stage, a disruption to the existing industrial order triggers the second, the co‐evolutionary stage, which includes four sub‐processes related to developments in technology, markets, activity networks and industry identity. The convergence of these sub‐processes leads to the third stage, a growth stage and the birth of a new industry. While these three stages and the four sub‐processes are well covered in the literature, the authors find that there is a lack of understanding in terms of the transitions between the stages, the interactions and interdependencies between sub‐processes and moderating factors of industry emergence. Future research can bridge these gaps by exploring the different origins and initial conditions of industries, the processes and interactions in the earliest stages of industry emergence, and the role of facilitating and managing industry emergence. This implies a shift in the research focus from the industries that have emerged to the nascent processes of emergence.     

Regulating private monopolies and promoting competition

This article describes developments in the British telecommunications industry in its transition from the public to the private sector. These developments are not particular to this industry alone. The 1980s are seeing a movement away from direct government control in large organizations in the public sector and towards privatization, for reasons that are both political and economic. The experience of the telecommunications industry has both particular and general relevance.     

网络时代的外包管理

本文比较分析了网络时代与工业时代外包管理的不同、网络时代制造业和服务业外包管理模型的区别,并从我国尚处于工业化后期、正在以国民经济信息化带动工业化加速发展这一现实出发,提出了可供我国企业选择的五种外包管理模式。     

一个金融集聚动因的理论模型

因为金融服务业与其它产业有较大差异,所以传统的产业集聚模型并不适用于分析金融集聚.将金融服务业看作是特殊的产业,从产业集聚的角度,引入空间的概念,建立体现金融服务业特性的两区域理论模型,以此来讨论金融集聚的产生动因和可持续性.通过建立金融集聚的理论模型,揭示了地理因素所导致的机会成本、规模效益、金融服务产业在经济中所占份额和金融信息量是金融集聚的决定因素,并且产业集聚能够促进金融集聚的发生.同时提出两个区域由于地理因素所导致的机会成本增加倍数的比值可作为衡量中心区域是否为信息中心的指标.     

The Relationship Between Cognitive Maps,Industry Complexity and Strategies Implemented: The Case of the Carpi Textile-Clothing Industrial System

This paper discusses the relationship between the subjective organisation and the perceived competitive structure of an industry based on an empirical study of the Carpi textile-clothing district, which partially replicates a previous study of the Scottish knitwear industry conducted by other authors (Porac et al., 1995). The initial hypothesis to be tested is that an industry may be broken down into a number of subsets of firms within which competition is perceived as being fiercer as compared with firms in different subsets. These subsets, or groups, correspond to the groups or types of firms into which decision-makers -- managers and entrepreneurial business owners alike -- perceive the industry as being divided.The results of the study are then compared to the empirical evidence from the research conducted by other authors. This comparison provides some interesting elements for investigating the relationships between industry complexity, cognitive maps and strategies implemented by the firms belonging to it. After suggesting a definition of complexity of an industry as the number of strategies implemented in it by competitors, we discuss the hypothesis that key-actors in the firms develop a mental picture of their environment that tends to become less comprehensive and accurate as the degree of complexity of the environment itself increases.     

产业结构对创业人员活动影响的理论与实证探究

基于知识外溢理论,在对产业结构专业化与多样化影响创业活动的机理进行分析的基础上,运用我国31个省市自治区5类高技术产业1998～2008年的相关数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明,产业结构专业化和多样化均有利于创业活动生成;从短期创业效应来看,产业结构的专业化更有利于创业活动生成,而产业结构多样化对创业活动的影响则相对有限。     

高科技产业创业网络、绩效与环境研究:国家级软件园的分析

本文以国家级软件园为研究对象,从软件产业创业网络对绩效的作用机制入手.通过环境调节效应的分析,系统探讨网络和环境对软件产业经济绩效和创新绩效的影响机理.研究发现,网络中心化特征显著影响软件园的经济绩效,创业网络有助于提高软件园的创新能力;环境对软件园经济绩效和创新绩效的影响机制不同,对经济绩效影响显著的是生活质量,对创新绩效影响显著的是技术供给;经济环境和技术供给正向调节了小集团网络特征对创新绩效的影响.     

行业、地区和市场信息,谁主导中国证券市场价格的变化

本文以我国A股市场为对象,基于CAPM和APT理论,建立单变量和多变量回归分析模型,探讨市场、行业和地区信息对证券价格的影响及其程度大小.结果表明:在我国证券市场中,一方面个股价格变化同时存在显著的行业和地区联动效应,但行业效应更强,行业信息主导着证券价格的变化.在控制了市场和地区信息后,行业信息仍具有信息增量提供能力.另一方面,行业信息与地区信息有互补性,市场信息可被行业和地区信息替代.另外,市场竞争越激烈的行业,行业联动效应越强.当企业变更行业类型时,新旧行业对股票价格变化的影响存在显著的差异.究其原因,与行业内的公司基本面之间所存在的显著正相关性相关.     

How the Japanese came to dominate the machine tool business

This paper reports the major findings of a study of the strategic evolution of the machine tool industry. The author interviewed more than 70 machine tool corporations in five countries, plus a number of industry experts and officials. The major conclusion of the study is that what for a long time was perceived to be a mature slow-moving industry, actually is undertaking a fast process of change. Corporations and governments which fail to recognize the sources and directions of change are heading for trouble.     

The Taiwan system of innovation in the tool machine industry: a case study

Recent evidence suggests that the Taiwan’s machine tool industry as a whole is prominent in the world, ranking sixth in output and fifth in exports. This paper explores the current status and features of Taiwan’s national systems of innovation (NSI) for its machine tool industry. It is suggested that five major elements of the NSI explain the extensive diffusion of new technologies in the industry, namely: industry clusters, educational system, bridging institutions, government policy, and global business environment. Further, the structural and institutional problems of the innovation system are identified. Future directions of technology development are also discussed.     

The effects of regulatory tools on organizational populations

One of the main activities of regulation is the control of market development by influencing the number of firms in an industry, their entry into an industry, and their exit from an industry. Population ecology is used as a framework for explaining both the direct and indirect effects of regulatory activity on entry, exit, and market structure. This framework is then used to derive specific propositions about regulatory effects on entry, exit, and market structure in the health maintenance organization industry.     

FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND VERTICAL INTEGRATION: THEORY AND EVIDENCE

Existing evidence is mostly inconclusive on the relevance of financial development as a determinant of vertical integration. This paper presents evidence that, once industry heterogeneity in firm size distribution is taken into account, financial development is an important determinant of cross‐country differences in vertical integration. Financial development fosters entry of firms and increases competition in the industry. This reduces vertical integration of larger firms, but also leads smaller, non‐integrated, firms to exit the industry. As a result, higher financial development reduces vertical integration in industries where a high share of output is produced by small firms. The positive effect of financial development on entry also reduces vertical integration by fostering the development of input markets.