在农村产权制度改革中优惠独生子女家庭

为了维护社会的公平正义,使独生子女父母的权益得到充分保障,引导人们自觉主动实行计划生育,在大量调查研究的基础上,结合《北京市人口与计划生育条例》等相关法律法规和文件规定,在北京市大兴区农村集体经济产权制度改革进程中，积极开展了对独生子女父母政策性奖励与补偿的探索与实践。     

重庆市农村计划生育社会保障的困境

“9 2 5”公开信发表以来 ,重庆市乃至西部地区人口和计划生育工作取得了明显成绩。但长期以来农村独生子女父母计划生育奖励优待无法兑现 ,在发家致富方面面临困难 ,养老保障难以落实 ,已经对人口和计划生育工作 ,对党和政府的形象造成一定负面影响。各级党委和政府必须树立科学发展观 ,不断完善农村计划生育社会保障体系 ,促进全面小康建设。     

切实解决独生子女父母奖励经费落实问题

2004年四川省眉山市开始实施农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度,2005年全面落实独生子女父母奖励政策,并在仁寿县进行农村计划生育特殊困难家庭扶助试点。惠民政策的实施,极大地改善了党群、干群关系,树立了人口计生工作良好形象,促进了人口计生工作的深入发展。广大人民群众对这些惠民政策更是打心眼里拥护,感叹“共产党说话算话,听党的话只     

计划生育利益导向的重大举措──广东省实施农村计划生育养老保险

《广东省农村独生子女父母和纯生二女结扎夫妇养老保险实施办法》（以下简称《实施办法》）经省人民政府批准全面付诸实施。这是省委、省政府改革计划生育工作方法，扭转计划生育工作局面所采取的一项重要的战略措施。《实施办法》将计划生育养老保险作为一种政府的农村社会发展政策纳入规范化强制发展的轨道，对《广东省计划生育条例》的顺利入轨具有现实意义，也将有利于推动农村社会养老保障体系的建立。一、计划生育养老保险是党和政府为育龄群众送温暖、献爱心的社会工程。为了缓解不断增长的人口压力，促进人口、社会、经济、文化、环…     

完善政策体系解决计生家庭困难

近年来,河南省禹州市委、市政府进一步完善奖励、减免、救助、保障四大政策体系,从根本上解决广大计生家庭生产、生活中的困难,其主要做法是: 1.奖励政策。对全市领取《独生子女父母光荣证》的独生子女户继续以银行存折的形式兑现每月10元奖励费;对领取《独生子女父母光荣证》的独男户子女年满18周岁时,给予父母1000元的奖励,对年满18周岁的独女户给予2000元的奖励;对符合生育二孩条件而自愿领取《独生子女父母光荣证》的夫妇一次性奖励2000元。 2.减免政策。教育部门对农村领取《独生子女父母光荣证》的家庭和政策内双女结扎户子女免除九年义务教育期     

多措并举整体推进构筑计划生育家庭救助保障新格局

近年来,山东省无棣县计生局按照多措并举,整体推进的工作思路,建立奖励、优先(惠)、帮扶、救助、保障五位一体的利益导向制度体系,构筑起了计划生育家庭救助保障的新格局,推动了全县计划生育工作健康有序发展。一、以利益导向为基础,坚决落实服务承诺2002年以来,无棣县政府相继出台了《关于建立完善计划生育利益导向机制的实施意见》、《关于落实独生子女父母奖励费的通知》、《关于进一步完善计划生育管理体制和工作运行机制的意见》等规章制度,进一步明确了各职能部门的计划生育职责,从而建立起以财政投入为主渠道的计划生育奖励、优惠机…     

对独生子女实施多项奖励

<正> 安徽蒙城县双洞区对独生子女除按《安徽省计划生育条例》规定奖励外,又付诸多项奖励办法。一、农村独生子女常年减免两人义务工。二、独生子女每月增加保健费六元。三、独生子女分给两份承包土地。四、独生子女优先入托、入学。五、独生子女成人后优先安排乡镇企业工作。六、在扶贫致富中,优先考虑独生子女户。七、招聘     

临江市启动冬春“关爱女孩”宣传教育活动

辽宁省普兰店市人民政府出台《实施办法》中规定，“符合《辽宁省人口与计划生育条例》规定可以生育第二个子女．但自愿终身只生一个，且办理了《独生子女父母光荣证》的计划生育家庭，财政一次性奖励300元”。     

“五到家”为流动人口提供“关怀关爱”贴心服务

江西省定南县积极开展流动人口计划生育“关怀关爱”服务工作,推出宣传服务到家、走访慰问到家、技术服务到家、免费药具送到家、免费办证送到家等服务举措,深受广大流动人口的欢迎。宣传服务到家。利用春节假日流动人口返乡的有利时机,发放《致流动人口一封信》,宣传《《流动人口计划生育管理办法》等计划生育法律法规以及奖励扶助制度、独生子女父母奖励政策、“单独两孩”等新政策,发放各类宣传折页、避孕药具等。     

创新监督机制 让群众得实惠

为贯彻落实以人为本的科学发展观,稳定低生育水平,为经济社会发展创造良好的人口环境,2004年2月,经国务院批准,国家人口计生委、财政部在5个西部省份和其他部分省份的10个地（市）开展农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度（以下简称奖励扶助制度）试点工作,由中央和地方安排专项资金,对农村独生子女或两个女孩的计划生育家庭,夫妇年满60周岁每人每年给予不低于600元的奖励扶助金,解决计划生育家庭的养老困难,引导群众自觉实行计划生育。     

Differentials in divorce in maryland

The basic data needed for measurement of the risks of termination of the legal relationship of marriage by characteristics of the marital partners are not available at this time for the United States because the national divorce registration area includes less than half the States. Special studies based on selected census data or the records of marriages and divorces occurring in one State or community have provided much of the valuable but limited information at hand. Statistics for individual States are subject to substantial bias as a consequence of inter-State migration between time of marriage and time of divorce, but they must serve as a basic data source until national reporting has improved. A record linkage study was undertaken which tied marriages occurring in the State of Maryland in 1959 with divorces occurring in the State in the years 1959–66. Relative, not actual, divorce risks by race, age at marriage, and previous marital status were calculated for couples with at least one partner an in-State resident at the time of marriage. The dissolution rate was higher for whites than for nonwhites. Marriages contracted by persons at very youthful ages and by persons who had been married previously were found subject to greater than average risks of dissolution through divorce.     

城市计划生育技术服务方式创新--南京市玄武区政府购买计划生育技术服务的实践

建立政府牵头、计卫联手、资源共享的计划生育技术服务体系 ,开展以知识普及、知情选择、随访服务、咨询指导、健康促进为主要内容的计划生育避孕节育和生殖保健优质服务 ,最大限度地满足社区育龄群众在计划生育和生殖保健方面的需求 ,是城市计划生育技术服务改革发展的方向1 。近几年 ,南京市玄武区计划生育局在区委、区政府的领导以及省市计生委的支持下 ,根据新时期城市计划生育工作改革发展要求 ,积极推进政府计划生育部门的职能转变 ,探索计划生育技术服务方式的改革创新 ,尝试依托社区医疗卫生和妇幼保健服务网络 ,由政府购买计划生育…     

Major Tasks in Health and Family Planning in China in 2015

On January 12,2015,at the regular press briefing of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC),NHFPC reported the major tasks in health and family planning in China in 2015.The details are as follows:In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform.     

Increases in childlessness in New Zealand

New Zealand’s fertility fell below the theoretical replacement level (2.1 births per woman) for the first time in recorded history in 1978. It has hovered at or below replacement level ever since. The result, an impression of relative stability, belies changes taking place. Data from the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses show a pattern of delayed childbearing and increased childlessness. In a little over 30 years, childlessness has shifted from being almost entirely a consequence of a couple’s infecundity to being as frequently a result of a woman’s life choices. The steady rises in childlessness recorded by successive cohorts suggest that childlessness is already having a significant effect on New Zealand fertility. Patterns in characteristics of those women choosing not to start families, as well as subtle differences in these patterns between New Zealand and other developed nations, suggest that there is a significant potential for childlessness to cause a more dramatic shift in New Zealand’s total fertility rate. This analysis examines growth in childlessness in relation to marital status, country of birth, ethnicity, regional and urban differentials, religion, and educational attainment of women who were childless at the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses.

Shifts in Reproductive Patterns in China

The People's Republic of China, during the second half of the twentieth century, has been repeatedly affected by social and political upheavals associated with government policies. These have produced strong but unexpected impacts on Chinese demographic patterns. Many of these policies are of the sorts that alter reproductive costs and benefits. This study examines patterns in Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, three provinces with differing ecological, geographic, and economic characteristics. Government policies affected the three populations differentially; this was evident at both aggregate and individual levels. The Great Leap Forward and subsequent famine created higher birth deficits and mortality among the largely rural populations of Hebei and Shaanxi than the more urban Shanghai. In contrast, the Cultural Revolution and family planning resulted in lower fertility levels for women in Shanghai. The population history of China during the second half of last century thus reflects strong state interventions in the lives of its citizens. Government policies, along with regional variations in geographic, social, and economic conditions, strongly influence individual access to resources in China. Variations in timing and intensity of women's reproductive patterns reflect differential access to resources and subsequent trade-offs.     

Materialism in Pedagogy Students in Chile

Many studies have used Richins and Dawson’s (J Consum Res 19: 303–316, 1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), applying it to different types of populations that exhibit a particular psychometric behavior, and showing little stability in their factorial structure. In the present study, 1,070 pedagogy students from the northern, central and southern regions of Chile answered the MVS. This sample was randomly divided in two. Using the first sub-sample (N = 539), an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, from which a structure of nine items was grouped into two factors called “Social Success” and “Personal Happiness”, which presented adequate reliability. Later, with the second sub-sample (N = 531), the factorial structure indicated above was put to the test through a confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from the model show that the scale contains 8 items in total, grouped into two dimensions. The factorial loads are significant at the level of 1 %, which indicates that the 2-factor structure can be confirmed. Finally—using the proposed structure—the presence of the students’ material values was evaluated.     

论西部开发中的城市发展问题

本文在对近20年来我国城市发展进行回顾与反思的基础上,提出了西部制定城市发展战略和选择城市发展道路的基本原则以及若干城市发展对策措施.     

Trends in life expectancy in wellbeing

Objectives: This paper describes anddiscusses trends in life expectancy inwellbeing between 1989 and 1998.Methods: Data on wellbeing by theBradburn Affect Balance Scale is obtained fromthe Netherlands Continuous Health InterviewSurveys for the calendar years from 1989 to1998. Using Sullivan's method, life expectancyin wellbeing is calculated.Results: For males at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing increases significantlyfrom 52.7 years in 1989 (90.1% of the totallife expectancy) to 54.4 years in 1998(90.8%). This increase is almost completelycaused by the increase in total lifeexpectancy. For females at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing raises significant from54.4 years in 1989 (84.1%) to 56.2 years in1998 (86.3%). This increase is almostcompletely caused by a decrease in the numberof years in a state of distress.For both males and females at the age of 65,the significant increase of life expectancy inwellbeing exceeds the increase in total lifeexpectancy and is mainly caused by the decreasein number of years in distress.Conclusion: Contrary to life expectancyin good perceived health and to disability freelife expectancy – which show a decreasing trend– the overall wellbeing of the population isincreasing. It seems that aspects in human lifethat contribute to wellbeing or quality of lifeother than physical health are gaining inimportance. This makes life expectancy inwellbeing a less appropriate instrument tomonitor changes in population health, but auseful instrument to measure population qualityof life.     

Changes in Living Standards and Depopulation in Latvia in the 1990s

Social Indicators Research -     

"非典"期间全国农村地区跨省流入人口调查数据分析

在2003年抗击非典的关键时期,国家人口和计划生育委员会进行了全国农村地区跨省流入人口的调查.本文着重分析这项调查所获得的数据,并对数据的一致性做出说明.既揭示了我国农村流动人口的基本特征和非典时期农村人口流动的规模和流向特点,又反映了非典对这一时期全国人口的流动所产生的影响,同时展示了我国抗击非典工作在农村地区所取得的成绩.