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1.
Home ownership has potentially significant consequences for welfare state policy. High owner-occupancy rates may function as private insurance where social spending is low (a substitution effect). Alternatively, state income redistribution policies could raise the number of home owners (an income effect). Cross-national time-series data show that social spending is negatively related to home ownership, and mediates the positive relationship between income inequality and owner-occupancy rates. This suggests that owner-occupancy acts as a form of social insurance over the life course. Future welfare state researchers should consider the issue of home ownership in analyses of inequality and the social safety net.
相似文献
Dalton ConleyEmail: |
2.
We study the long-term impact of job displacement from a big state owned enterprise as a result of its privatization in a
developing country. Our results suggest large reductions in earnings, which persist throughout the years. However, we also
find that the displaced worker’s post-displacement earnings are in line with competitive market wages, and unrelated to sector
of employment or to tenure losses, indicating that the long-term reduction in earnings as a result of displacement because
of privatization can be traced to the loss of wage rents. Our results indicate that job displacement in SOEs may have very
large redistributive implications for the workers involved but that this loss does not necessarily reflect the loss of specific
human capital associated to these jobs.
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Federico Sturzenegger (Corresponding author)Email: |
3.
Xiaomin Chen 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(2):421-428
The legal transitions of private ownership from being admitted limitedly to being protected equally with public ownership,
and of the peasants’ right on rural lands from a contractual right to the right in rem, are almost the same process of social reform. And in the interaction of social development and legislation, the law has
taken on an increasing role in social transition.
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Xiaomin ChenEmail: |
4.
We study the general class of two-player public-policy contests and specify the asymmetry condition under which a more restrained government intervention that reduces the contestants’ prizes has the “perverse” effect of increasing their aggregate lobbying efforts.
相似文献
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
5.
Matteo Tondini 《Transition Studies Review》2009,15(4):660-673
The article describes the policy-making structure which governs the reform of justice in Afghanistan. It is characterized
by an evolution from a bilateral to a multilateral approach, aimed at increasing the Afghan ownership. However, observing
the system ‘from within’, it seems currently ruled by a mixed regime, being still deeply influenced by external inputs. As
a consequence, the final outcome of the process remains uncertain.
相似文献
Matteo TondiniEmail: |
6.
Amy A. Quark 《Qualitative sociology》2007,30(1):21-40
Since the 1970s, a number of major corporations have located their corporate headquarters in rural and non-metropolitan areas.
I interrogate this phenomenon, based on a case study of Lands’ End, a global apparel firm in Wisconsin. Much research has
exposed how firms insulate themselves from claims made by workers and communities through organizational and spatial distance
(i.e. global sourcing, casualization of employment structures). Corporate headquarters relocation presents a paradox, bringing
key decision-makers in the global economy into new, face-to-face relationships with workers and communities. Negotiated against
a radical transformation of local class structure, I argue that new forms of social regulation are emerging—in particular,
a hybrid version of the Fordist-era company towns.
相似文献
Amy A. QuarkEmail: |
7.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
Policymakers, economists, and researchers have recently been interested in assessing the impact of farm program payments on
the growth and survival of farm businesses. Planning for succession is an integral part of managing a farm business. This
study uses farm-level data to investigate the impact of government farm policy and farm growth on both succession decisions
and the likelihood of intra-family transfers of the farm business. Results indicate that succession decisions are significantly
influenced by government farm policy, farm wealth, age, and educational attainment of current farm operators. Results show
that off-farm work by operators and spouses and regional location are positively correlated with non-family farm succession
decisions. On the other hand, farm ownership, educational attainment, and marital status of the operator increase the likelihood
of family-based succession decisions. However, in the presence of retirement income from other sources such as pension, parents
are less likely to have a family successor.
相似文献
Ashok K. MishraEmail: |
9.
Cathleen D. Zick W. Keith Bryant Sivithee Srisukhumbowornchai 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(1):1-28
In recent years, American women’s housework time has declined while American men’s housework time has risen. We examine how
these changes have affected economic inequality in the United States. Using time-diary data from the Time Use in Economic
and Social Accounts, 1975–1976 (N = 1,484) and the American Time Use Survey, 2003 (N = 5,534), we value adults’ housework using two alternative methodologies and assess its influence on households’ real access
to goods and services in both years. Results suggest that housework reduces economic inequality in both years. But, between
1975–1976 and 2002–2003, overall economic inequality rose largely because of the growing wage inequality and also, in part,
because of growth in housework inequality. Socio-demographic change partially inhibited the overall growth in economic inequality.
相似文献
Cathleen D. ZickEmail: |
10.
Social Enterprise in the United States and Europe: Understanding and Learning from the Differences 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Janelle A. Kerlin 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2006,17(3):246-262
Since the 1980s both the United States and Europe have experienced a simultaneous expansion in social enterprise. However, little has been written comparing and contrasting American and European conceptions of social enterprise resulting in difficulty communicating on the topic and missed opportunities to learn and build on foreign experience. To address this need, this paper compares and contrasts American and European social enterprise through an extensive review of literature from the two regions and discussions with social enterprise researchers on both sides of the Atlantic. It outlines the definitions of social enterprise used by American and European academics and practitioners, identifies historical factors promoting and shaping different conceptions of social enterprise, and highlights the differing institutional and legal environments in which it operates. It concludes by identifying what Americans and Europeans can learn from each others’ experience with social enterprise.
相似文献
Janelle A. KerlinEmail: |
11.
Yonatan Reshef 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(4):677-696
In the public sector, Canadian governments intervene frequently in labor disputes by suspending collective bargaining and
curtailing legal strikes. Previous research has focused on the contours of government intervention, such as its overall effects
on collective bargaining and strikes. The discussion highlights one actor, a government, restricting the behavior of another
actor, a union, using legislation and policy making. As a result, we know less about more micro-level elements and implications
of the process of government intervention. I address these themes using a detailed case study of the Alberta Teachers’ Association
and the strikes it coordinated in 2002.
相似文献
Yonatan ReshefEmail: |
12.
Gary Chaison 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(4):642-657
I ask whether the highly confrontational collective bargaining in the airlines is unique to that industry or a sign of a deepening
crisis in union–management relations nationally. First, airline labor relations are reviewed in the context of extremely contentious
negotiations, intense industry competition, complex and fragmented bargaining structures, frequent bankruptcies, and unpredictable
external shocks. Next, concessionary bargaining in the airlines is discussed, and a new and extreme form of concessionary
bargaining is identified. The emergence of the new concessionary bargaining in the airlines and its spread to the automobile
sector is then interpreted as the early signs of a fundamental transformation of collective bargaining. The implications of
the new concessionary bargaining are then described at the workplace, company, union, and societal levels.
相似文献
Gary ChaisonEmail: |
13.
We study and compare equilibrium platforms in models of unidimensional electoral competition with two and four policy motivated
parties. We first analyze the plurality game, where the party getting the most votes is elected and implements its proposed
platform. Restrictions on the set of credible announcements are needed to get existence of equilibria. Comparing equilibria
with two and four parties, we obtain that moderate parties react to the introduction of extreme parties by proposing the same
or more extreme equilibrium platforms. We then study the proportional system, where the policy implemented is a weighted sum
of the proposals, with the voting shares as weights. Here, the existence of extreme parties leads moderate ones to choose
more centrist platforms. We finally test the robustness of our results with respect to, first, the enlargement of the strategy
space to entry decisions and, second, to asymmetric distributions of voters' blisspoints.
相似文献
Georges Casamatta (Corresponding author)Email: |
Philippe De DonderEmail: |
14.
Ben Soltane Bassem 《Transition Studies Review》2008,15(2):343-354
By applying the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, even with all the limitations where error could cause
significant problems, this paper attempts to investigate the efficiency of 35 Microfinance institutions in the Mediterranean
zone during the period of 2004–2005. The estimated results prove that eight institutions are relatively efficient, and have
a notable level of average efficiency and a potential of evolution while being referent to their technical efficiency. The
survey also reveals that the size of the MFIs has a negative effect on their efficiency since the MFIs of medium size are
more efficient than the eminent.
相似文献
Ben Soltane BassemEmail: |
15.
The inverse plurality rule—an axiomatization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Under the ‘inverse plurality rule’, voters specify only their least preferred alternative. Our first result establishes that
this rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies the minimal veto condition (MV). We then prove that the inverse plurality
rule is characterized by MV and the four well known conditions that characterize scoring rules; namely, Anonymity (A), Neutrality
(N), Reinforcement (RE) and Continuity (CO). Our new characterization result is related to the characterizations of approval
voting and of the widely used plurality rule. We finally show how the axiomatization of the inverse plurality rule can be
extended to the axiomatization of elementary scoring rules (vote for t-alternatives scoring rules).
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for their most useful comments.
相似文献
Eyal Baharad (Corresponding author)Email: |
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
16.
Michael Beenstock 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):325-345
Matched data for parents and siblings in Israel were used to decompose the sibling correlation in schooling and earnings into
four components: (a) A “genetic” component induced by inherited ability, (b) Correlated effects induced by sharing common
parents, (c) Contextual effects due to common ethnicity, and (d) An endogenous component induced by interactions between siblings.
Most of the sibling correlation is due to the latter. Parents have little to do with the sibling correlation. The sibling
interaction coefficients for schooling and earnings were positive, but it was considerably greater in the case of schooling.
It was shown that sibling interaction increases inequality, especially in the case of schooling. However, parent–children
interaction contributes little to inequality.
相似文献
Michael BeenstockEmail: |
17.
Decomposition of gini and multivariate gini indices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Masato Okamoto 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2009,7(2):153-177
A new type of decomposition by population subgroup is proposed for the Gini inequality index. The decomposition satisfies
the completely identical distribution (CID) condition, whereby the between-group inequality is null if and only if the distribution
within each subgroup is identical to all the others. Thus, this decomposition contrasts strikingly with the subgroup decomposition
of the generalized entropy measures, which satisfy the condition that the between-group inequality is null if the mean within
each subgroup equals those of all the others. The new decomposition can be generalized to the distance-Gini index and the
volume-Gini index, two multivariate Gini indices introduced by Koshevoy and Mosler, with some modification of the index definition
and a somewhat loosened CID condition in the latter case. The source decomposition is also generalized to these multi-dimensional
indices. Interaction terms appear among sources of different attributes in the decomposition for the modified volume–Gini
index.
相似文献
Masato OkamotoEmail: |
18.
Do Reservation Wages Really Decline? Some International Evidence on the Determinants of Reservation Wages 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Using cross-country data, we investigate the determinants of reservation wages and their course over the jobless spell. Higher
unemployment benefits lead to higher reservation wages. Further, again consistent with the basic search model, repeated observations
on the same individual provide scant evidence of declining reservation wages.
相似文献
John T. AddisonEmail: |
19.
Max Stephenson 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2007,18(3):209-224
Hurricane Katrina, which devastated the New Orleans, Louisiana metropolitan area in August 2005, made many United States citizens
more aware of how their national government undertakes its humanitarian relief responsibilities. Many learned for the first
time, for example, that the federal government is a secondary responder and attends to natural disasters only when states
and localities request such support and assistance. That U.S. framework and the international relief implementation structure
are remarkably similar. This paper compares and contrasts these two aid implementation approaches with an eye to clarifying
their similarities and differences and to identifying how each might better be understood for the future to secure improved
coordination and more effective outcomes.
相似文献
Max StephensonEmail: |
20.
This study examined whether demographic or financial variables best predict completion of Chapter 13 bankruptcy plans. Multinomial
logistic regression revealed that demographic variables were more important than financial variables in predicting completion.
Completion of a Chapter 13 repayment plan was not associated with a debtor’s monthly income or expenses. Never married debtors,
dependent children, a previous filing, and higher mortgage arrears increased the likelihood of dismissal. Longer job tenure
and home ownership improved completion rates. Discharge was associated with higher unsecured debts. Results can help improve
Chapter 13 completion rates. Debtors need guidance in setting up realistic repayment plans. Financial counselors could help
ensure that repayment plans are feasible and to counsel debtors who miss a plan payment.
相似文献
Jean M. LownEmail: |