供应商参与创新中信任关系影响因素分析

本研究选取我国一些制造业企业作为实证研究的对象,探讨企业间人际信任、企业间信任、参与质量、参与绩效之间的关系。本研究表明:(1)企业间人际信任对企业间信任有直接正向影响;(2)企业间人际信任对参与质量有直接正向影响;(3)企业间信任对参与质量有直接正向影响;(4)参与质量对参与绩效有直接正向的影响。该实证研究对于人们正确理解企业间人际信任、企业间信任、参与质量与参与绩效之间的关系有着重要的意义。     

主动人际策略下的信任治理

信任的治理问题,即通过某种形式或机制设计深层次影响和塑造可信行为及其动机,正受到越来越多的关注.文章首先在综述信任研究的基础上,界定了信任治理的内涵并探讨了信任治理的机理;然后介绍了主动人际策略对信任治理研究的启示;接着详细阐述了主动人际策略下信任治理“微观”机制设计的新思路.旨在超越控制培育信任的传统方法,基于内涵更加丰富的主动人际策略,从个体心理和行为层面,开启信任治理更为微观的研究视角.     

情绪变量对人际信任判断的影响作用

当前人际信任的作用变得尤为突出,人际信任问题的研究也成为社会各界关注的课题。分析影响人际信任的因素,探讨情绪对人际信任的影响,通过理论研究具体情绪对个体人际信任判断的影响,具有不同效价和控制评价的情绪在信任判断中的影响差异,情绪的控制评价、情绪源的显著性以及信任者对受信任者的熟悉程度在情绪对信任判断的影响过程中起到的调节作用。     

人际信任、制度信任与农民环境治理参与意愿——以农业废弃物资源化为例

本文以农业废弃物资源化为例,探讨了人际信任、制度信任对农民环境治理参与意愿的影响。研究发现:(1)人际信任、制度信任在农民农业废弃物资源化利用的决策中发挥着显著促进作用,这一结论在用主成分分析法构造信任变量、剔除老年人样本或控制村庄固定效应之后依然成立。(2)人际信任、制度信任对男性农民、女性农民农业废弃物资源化参与意愿均表现出显著正效应;随着农民文化程度、收入水平的改善,人际信任对其参与意愿的影响逐渐不显著,制度信任则依旧能发挥作用。(3)村级治理机制在环境治理方面发挥的作用不尽人意。上述研究结论有助于理解新常态下农民参与环境治理的影响机制,丰富了相关领域的学术文献,并对推进我国循环农业建设具有借鉴意义。     

消极情绪影响人际信任的线索效应：基于信任博弈范式的检验

采用信任博弈范式,通过诱发愤怒、悲伤两种消极情绪和中性情绪,考察不同情绪状态的个体进行陌生人初始信任判断是否存在对信任线索的依赖性,即线索效应。研究结果显示当社会线索指向可信时,消极情绪普遍比中性情绪引起的信任水平低,而在社会线索指向不可信时,消极情绪和中性情绪并没有显著差别;同时悲伤和愤怒两种消极情绪之间存在差异：当社会线索指向可信时,愤怒情境下的被试表现出的信任程度比悲伤情境下的被试更高,当社会线索指向不可信时,愤怒情境下的被试表现出的信任程度比悲伤情境下的被试更低,证实消极情绪引起的认知加工策略差异会影响人际信任判断：愤怒情绪比悲伤情绪更依赖社会线索。     

人际信任对知识转移的影响机制:一个整合的框架

如何促进知识在组织中有效转移,已成为众多企业管理者和理论研究人员关注的热点。本文对相关研究文献的观点进行综合分析,将人际信任对知识转移产生促进作用的途径(提高知识转移的意愿和降低知识转移的难度)和作用的方式(直接作用和间接作用)作为两个不同的维度,构建了一个逻辑框架。该框架揭示了人际信任是通过四种不同类型的作用模式来促进知识转移的。通过对这四种作用类型的成因与产生条件的分析,本文将过去各种孤立存在的观点联系起来,从而为人们理解、研究人际信任如何促进知识转移提供了一个新的视角。     

影响单位人际信任的组织亚文化及其管控策略

组织亚文化容易引发单位人际信任危机,主要有漫天许诺、敷衍搪塞、夸赞吹捧、滋事造谣等表征,会引发人际信任危机,削弱单位整体软实力。领导者应当塑造积极健康的组织主流文化,建立健全各项约束奖惩举措,推进组织信任修复机制建设,以有效管控组织亚文化。     

浅析高校大学生人际信任的影响因素及提高策略

个体在交往过程中会对一部分人产生信任,对另外一部分人则会存在不安全感,这即是社会生活中的人际信任现象。高校中,大学生的人际信任水平对其是心理素质高低是重要影响因素之一,并且会对大学生的身心健康和发展都产生积极的影响。分析大学生的人际信任并探讨其影响因素及提高策略,可提高高校大学生的人际信任水平,进而为大学生提高社会适应能力提供相应依据。     

组织内信任的影响因素及断裂后的修复策略

信任是组织高效运作的保障,也是组织正常运行的基础,它能够有效降低合作成本和时间花费,因此建立和修复信任显得尤为重要。本文从个体、人际、组织三方面分析组织内信任的影响因素,并对信任断裂后的修复策略进行探讨。     

领导者弥合单位人际信任鸿沟的艺术

人际信任鸿沟会带来瓦解单位命运共同体、削弱单位核心竞争力、加速单位管理碎片化三重危害。其主要是由信息传递障碍、管理幅度过大、征信机制不健全等因素所导致。领导者可将权力规制、技术嵌入、信息透明和舆论引导作为弥合单位人际信任鸿沟的路径。     

Repairing and Enhancing Trust: Approaches to Reducing Organizational Trust Deficits

Abstract

Organizational scholars have long touted the myriad benefits of trust for organizational functioning and performance. Recent surveys, however, document pervasive deficits in such trust. This article addresses the important topic of reducing these deficits. Our attack on this problem is two pronged. First, we examine approaches to repairing damaged trust within organizational settings. Specifically, we assess the state of organizational theory and knowledge regarding effective approaches to trust repair after internal or external events have weakened or damaged trust in an organization. We define what is meant by trust repair, review the most common ways that trust is broken, and then explore the three major approaches that have received the most attention in trust‐repair research. We then address the question of how trust, once repaired, can be enhanced and made more durable and stable. Specifically, we examine theory and evidence regarding the antecedent conditions that support the development and maintenance of what we term presumptive trust among organizational members. We conclude the article with some recommendations of fruitful directions for future research.     

Marginal Trust in Risk Managers: Building and Losing Trust Following Decisions Under Uncertainty

Although a considerable amount of research has examined correlates of baseline public trust in risk managers, much less research has looked at marginal changes in public trust following specific events. Such research is important for identifying what kinds of events will lead to increases and decreases in public trust and thus for understanding how trust is built and lost. Using a taxonomy based upon signal detection theory (SDT), the current article presents two experimental studies examining marginal trust change following eight different types of events. Supporting predictions, cautious decisionmakers who accepted signs of danger (Hits and False Alarms) were more likely to be trusted than those who rejected them (All Clears and Misses). Moreover, transparency about an event was associated with higher levels of marginal trust than a lack of transparency in line with earlier findings. Contrary to predictions, however, trust was less affected by whether the decisions were correct (i.e., Hits and All Clears) or incorrect (i.e., False Alarms and Misses). This finding was primarily due to a "False Alarm Effect" whereby Open False Alarms led to positive increases in trust despite being incorrect assessments of risk. Results are explained in terms of a cue diagnosticity account of impression formation and suggest that a taxonomy of event types based on SDT may be useful in furthering our understanding of how public trust in risk managers is gained and lost.     

Trust Relations in High-Reliability Organizations

Workplace trust has been recognized by researchers and practitioners alike to be an important component of an effective safety culture. However, despite this, the concept of trust as it relates to safety has been underresearched, particularly within high-reliability organizations. This article examines the importance of trust relations and their concomitant impact on safety culture within the specific context of high-reliability organizations using relevant literatures. The article then explores the implications of high and low trust situations for safety through case studies conducted within the nuclear and offshore industries as exemplars of organizations operating within high-reliability sectors.     

一种Multi-agent System的信任模型

Multi-agent技术已广泛用于大型分布式管理系统的开发.多agent间合作的信任问题会严重影响系统的效率.现有的信任模型基本上都是基于WEB的peer-to-peer环境给出的,它们不太适于multi-agent system(MAS)环境.针对MAS环境中信任的特点,提出了一种基于信誉和关系网的agent信任体系.分析实验表明该模型能促进agent关系网的凝聚性,能较大的提高agent合作伙伴选取的效率,并在重复交往环境下agent的合作成功率,以及在抑制恶意推荐、协同作弊、偏心这些干扰现象上较已有模型有较大改进.该模型在供应链管理和电子商务合作伙伴选择方面,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值.     

信任的经济理性分析

本文对信任的经济理性进行了分析,先后探讨了信任的物质基础、委托人参与委托事项对信任关系的影响以及信任的成本效益等内容.研究发现,信任是激励的结果,对方是否值得信任,关键在于信任方是否愿意付出足够的代价来让他成为这样的人.信任方对委托事项的参与程度会影响到信任关系的建立.建立信任关系是需要一定的经济成本的,但是,当客观地建立起信任之后,信任方将从中获得明显的收益.可以通过理性行为建立起广泛有效的信任关系.     

Trust after the Global Financial Meltdown

Over the last decade, and culminating in the 2008 global financial meltdown, there has been an erosion of trust and a concomitant rise of distrust in domestic companies, multinational enterprises, and political economies. In response to this attrition, this article presents three arguments. First, we suggest that trust is the “glue” of any viable political economy, and we propose that the stakes of violating public trust are particularly high in light of the asymmetry between trust and distrust. Second, we identify a constellation of key barriers to overcoming distrust that companies face in the current environment: (1) corporate mind‐sets that promote a preoccupation with quantification, hierarchical leadership models, and “blind trust” in authority; (2) the anonymity of core stakeholders; (3) the agency of the media as a driver of the political economy; and (4) firm‐centric models of stakeholder relationships. Third, we argue that, notwithstanding these challenges, these phenomena are not fatal and can be addressed through a holistic transformation in corporate culture. Such a transformation might include a shift to collaborative leadership models and replacing authority models with responsibility, a “names and faces” approach to stakeholders through cases and stories, more egalitarian communication exchanges with external stakeholders, and a reprioritization of the firm as a vital element among others within a system rather than the central core of a network. We conclude that the value of trust at the individual, institutional, national, and global levels cannot be overstated. Without a reinvigoration of trust in our political economies, at all levels, the future of an economically vibrant planet is indeed bleak.     

Geographical Dimensions and Correlates of Trust

A sample of 323 residents of New Jersey stratified by neighborhood quality (excellent, good, fair, poor) was gathered to determine if trust in science and technology to protect public health and environment at the societal scale was associated with trust of the local officials, such as the mayor, health officer, developers, mass media, and legislators who are guardians of the local environment. Societal (trust of science and technology) and neighborhood (mayor, health officer) dimensions of trust were found. These societal and neighborhood trust dimensions were weakly correlated. Respondents were divided into four trust-of-authority groups: high societal–high neighborhood, low societal–low neighborhood, high societal–low neighborhood, and low societal–high neighborhood. High societal–high neighborhood trust respondents were older, had lived in the neighborhoods for many years, were not troubled much by neighborhood or societal environmental threats, and had a strong sense of control over their environment. In strong contrast, low societal–low neighborhood trust respondents were relatively young, typically had lived in their present neighborhood for a short time, were troubled by numerous neighborhood and societal environmental threats, did not practice many personal public health practices, and felt little control over their environment.     

The Institutional Trust Paradox in Bangladesh

This paper maps institutional trust in Bangladesh and analyzes to what extent citizens perceive public institutions to be trustworthy. According to a number of expert evaluations, public and political institutions in Bangladesh do not stand out as very trustworthy. Yet, despite such expert evaluations, recent survey data indicate that popular trust is quite high in certain major institutions such as the parliament and the central government. Since it is misplaced, the high level of popular institutional trust presents a paradox. It implies some kind of blind or naive trust, which may be dysfunctional for the emergence of a democratic governance system.