双因素效应的动态二值logit模型的参数估计及应用

文章考虑了带有个体效应和时间效应的双因素面板数据动态二值logit模型，在周期T固定的条件下，提出了一种新的方法估计模型参数。从理论层面指出了该估计量满足一致性和渐近正态性；数值模拟研究了估计量的小样本性质，模拟结果表明，该估计方法在有限样本下具有良好的统计性质。最后，将该方法应用于洗涤剂的购买数据进行实证分析。     

基于关系聚类的动态面板数据模型及其应用研究

运用面板数据建模分析时,在考虑截面异质性的情形下存在参数过多的问题。提出一种基于面板数据关系结构的聚类方法,能有效解决模型估计时参数过多的问题;提出内距离与外距离概念,有效解决了聚类分析时定量确定分类数的问题。将此方法运用于动态面板数据的建模分析,统计模拟结果显示有较好的小样本性质。基于理论模型,采用中国1996-2012年的省级面板数据,实证分析了金融发展对房地产业发展的动态影响,分析效果与现实经济发展较吻合,证明该方法有较好的应用性。     

面板数据模型中随机效应存在性检验的理论研究及其实证分析

 由于能体现异质性等一系列优良性质,面板数据模型正被广泛应用到经济学各个领域中。然而,在反映异质性的个体效应和时间效应的设定上,经常存在人为的主观性和随意性,因此容易导致错误指定事件的发生。本文提出了一个稳健的方法分别检验面板数据模型中随机个体效应和随机时间效应的存在性。具体而言,通过对残差进行正交化变换消去可能存在的时间效应,并建立人工自回归模型,然后基于该模型自回归系数的最小二乘估计构造检验统计量检验个体效应。构造的检验是单边的,零假设下渐近服从标准正态分布。在检验时间效应时,可类似得到统计量及其渐近性质。功效研究表明这些检验敏感性较强,能检测到以参数速度（最快的速度）收敛到零假设的备择假设。通过模拟试验研究了检验统计量的小样本性质,并进行了实际数据分析。     

两维异质性面板分位数模型的双惩罚回归方法

文章关注系数具有两维异质性结构的面板分位数模型,基于SCAD惩罚函数和MCP惩罚函数提出双惩罚最小加权绝对偏差目标函数,同时进行参数估计和两维异质性结构识别。利用ADMM算法求解目标函数,并使用BIC信息准则通过网格搜索选择最优调节参数。根据蒙特卡洛模拟结果验证了所提方法的有限样本性质,最后使用实际数据检验了其应用效果。研究结果表明：所提出的方法能够准确识别两维异质性结构,并且Post估计量的参数估计精确度接近于Oracle估计量。     

同期相关面板数据结构突变单位根检验的统计性质 ——中国CPI指数平稳性的经验证据*

 内容提要：本文首先研究了同期相关面板数据外生同期截距突变同质面板单位根检验的统计性质。研究发现对于大面板数据该检验具有良好的实际检验水平，面板数据的大小、同期相关程度、结构突变位置和结构突变幅度等因素对该检验的检验功效具有显著影响，而且ρSUR检验比τSUR检验有更理想的检验效果。其次，利用该检验对中国省级CPI指数的平稳性进行了经验分析，发现中国省级CPI指数是趋势结构突变的平稳过程。     

多水平面板数据模型的估计理论及模拟研究

将面板数据模型和多水平模型结合起来,提出了多水平面板数据模型。通过分析该模型的方差协方差结构,采用迭代广义最小二乘法和限制迭代广义最小二乘法,导出模型的参数估计,并通过模拟数据进行了比较分析。结果认为：与多水平模型和面板数据模型相比,该模型能更好地拟合具有层次结构的面板数据。     

空间动态面板模型的时间滞后效应检验

空间面板数据模型由于考虑了经济变量间的空间相关性,其优势日益凸显,已成为计量经济学的热点研究领域。将空间相关性与动态模式同时扩展到面板模型中的空间动态面板模型,不仅考虑了经济变量之间的空间相关性,还考虑了时间上的滞后性,是空间面板模型的发展,增强了模型的解释力。考虑一种带固定个体效应、因变量的时间滞后项、因变量与随机误差项均存在空间自相关性的空间动态面板回归模型,提出了在个体数n和时间数T都很大,且T相对地大于n的条件下空间动态面板模型中时间滞后效应存在性的LM和LR检验方法,其检验方法包括联合检验、一维及二维的边际和条件检验;推导出这些检验在零假设下的极限分布;其极限分布均服从卡方分布。通过模拟试验研究检验统计量的小样本性质,结果显示其具有优良的统计性质。     

企业资本结构与企业绩效的实证研究——基于中小企业板数据

本文以2004年在中小企业板上市的37家公司为样本,采用描述性统计分析方法对其上市前后的资本结构与企业绩效进行分析,并对其2001-2011年的面板数据建立个体固定效应模型做实证分析,得出结论:资产负债率与企业绩效呈正相关关系,这表明盈利能力越强的中小企业拥有更强的债务融资能力,偏好于利用财务杠杆,验证了信号理论对我国中小企业资本结构的解释力.     

高维面板数据降维与变量选择方法研究

从介绍高维面板数据的一般特征入手,在总结高维面板数据在实际应用中所表现出的各种不同类型及其研究理论与方法的同时,主要介绍高维面板数据因子模型和混合效应模型;对混合效应模型随机效应和边际效应中的高维协方差矩阵以及经济数据中出现的多指标大维数据的研究进展进行述评;针对高维面板数据未来的发展方向、理论与应用中尚待解决的一些关键问题进行分析与展望。     

江苏省城镇居民收入差异对消费结构的影响

一、panel-data模型 panel-data称为面板数据或平行数据,是把时间序列沿空间方向扩展,或把截面数据沿时间扩展构成的二维结构的数据集合,与单纯的时间序列和截面数据相比,面板数据既能反映各个个体的变化特征,也能反映每个个体沿时间变化的特征.panel-data模型也称面板数据模型,是在面板数据上建立的回归分析模型.panel-data模型的一般表达式为:     

纵向部分线性变系数EV模型的估计

纵向数据是随着时间变化对个体进行重复观测而得到的一种相关性数据,广泛出现在诸多科学研究领域。在对个体进行观测时,测量误差不可避免,忽略测量误差往往会导致有偏估计。本文利用二次推断函数方法研究关于纵向数据的参数部分和非参数部分协变量均含有测量误差的部分线性变系数测量误差(errors-in-variables, EV)模型的估计问题。利用B样条逼近模型中的未知系数函数,构造关于回归参数和B样条系数的偏差修正的二次推断函数以处理个体内相关性和测量误差,得到回归参数和变系数的偏差修正的二次推断函数估计,然后证明了估计方法和结果的渐近性质。数值模拟和实例数据分析结果显示本文提出的方法具有一定的实用价值。     

Inference with a contrast-based posterior distribution and application in spatial statistics

The likelihood function is often used for parameter estimation. Its use, however, may cause difficulties in specific situations. In order to circumvent these difficulties, we propose a parameter estimation method based on the replacement of the likelihood in the formula of the Bayesian posterior distribution by a function which depends on a contrast measuring the discrepancy between observed data and a parametric model. The properties of the contrast-based (CB) posterior distribution are studied to understand what the consequences of incorporating a contrast in the Bayes formula are. We show that the CB-posterior distribution can be used to make frequentist inference and to assess the asymptotic variance matrix of the estimator with limited analytical calculations compared to the classical contrast approach. Even if the primary focus of this paper is on frequentist estimation, it is shown that for specific contrasts the CB-posterior distribution can be used to make inference in the Bayesian way.The method was used to estimate the parameters of a variogram (simulated data), a Markovian model (simulated data) and a cylinder-based autosimilar model describing soil roughness (real data). Even if the method is presented in the spatial statistics perspective, it can be applied to non-spatial data.     

A Likelihood Based Estimating Equation for the Clayton–Oakes Model with Marginal Proportional Hazards

Multivariate failure time data arise when data consist of clusters in which the failure times may be dependent. A popular approach to such data is the marginal proportional hazards model with estimation under the working independence assumption. In this paper, we consider the Clayton–Oakes model with marginal proportional hazards and use the full model structure to improve on efficiency compared with the independence analysis. We derive a likelihood based estimating equation for the regression parameters as well as for the correlation parameter of the model. We give the large sample properties of the estimators arising from this estimating equation. Finally, we investigate the small sample properties of the estimators through Monte Carlo simulations.     

Robust estimation for partially linear single-index model

In this article, we investigate a new estimation approach for the partially linear single-index model based on modal regression method, where the non parametric function is estimated by penalized spline method. Moreover, we develop an expection maximum (EM)-type algorithm and establish the large sample properties of the proposed estimation method. A distinguishing characteristic of the newly proposed estimation is robust against outliers through introducing an additional tuning parameter which can be automatically selected using the observed data. Simulation studies and real data example are used to evaluate the finite-sample performance, and the results show that the newly proposed method works very well.     

On a Unified Generalized Quasi–likelihood Approach for Familial–Longitudinal Non‐Stationary Count Data

Abstract. In this paper, conditional on random family effects, we consider an auto‐regression model for repeated count data and their corresponding time‐dependent covariates, collected from the members of a large number of independent families. The count responses, in such a set up, unconditionally exhibit a non‐stationary familial–longitudinal correlation structure. We then take this two‐way correlation structure into account, and develop a generalized quasilikelihood (GQL) approach for the estimation of the regression effects and the familial correlation index parameter, whereas the longitudinal correlation parameter is estimated by using the well‐known method of moments. The performance of the proposed estimation approach is examined through a simulation study. Some model mis‐specification effects are also studied. The estimation methodology is illustrated by analysing real life healthcare utilization count data collected from 36 families of size four over a period of 4 years.     

Quantile regression and variable selection for the single-index model

In this paper, we propose a new full iteration estimation method for quantile regression (QR) of the single-index model (SIM). The asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator are derived. Furthermore, we propose a variable selection procedure for the QR of SIM by combining the estimation method with the adaptive LASSO penalized method to get sparse estimation of the index parameter. The oracle properties of the variable selection method are established. Simulations with various non-normal errors are conducted to demonstrate the finite sample performance of the estimation method and the variable selection procedure. Furthermore, we illustrate the proposed method by analyzing a real data set.     

Marginal Projected Multivariate Linear Models for Clustered Angular Data

Among the diverse frameworks that have been proposed for regression analysis of angular data, the projected multivariate linear model provides a particularly appealing and tractable methodology. In this model, the observed directional responses are assumed to correspond to the angles formed by latent bivariate normal random vectors that are assumed to depend upon covariates through a linear model. This implies an angular normal distribution for the observed angles, and incorporates a regression structure through a familiar and convenient relationship. In this paper we extend this methodology to accommodate clustered data (e.g., longitudinal or repeated measures data) by formulating a marginal version of the model and basing estimation on an EM‐like algorithm in which correlation among within‐cluster responses is taken into account by incorporating a working correlation matrix into the M step. A sandwich estimator is used for the parameter estimates’ covariance matrix. The methodology is motivated and illustrated using an example involving clustered measurements of microbril angle on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) Simulation studies are presented that evaluate the finite sample properties of the proposed fitting method. In addition, the relationship between within‐cluster correlation on the latent Euclidean vectors and the corresponding correlation structure for the observed angles is explored.     

Simultaneous variable and factor selection via sparse group lasso in factor analysis

This paper considers variable and factor selection in factor analysis. We treat the factor loadings for each observable variable as a group, and introduce a weighted sparse group lasso penalty to the complete log-likelihood. The proposal simultaneously selects observable variables and latent factors of a factor analysis model in a data-driven fashion; it produces a more flexible and sparse factor loading structure than existing methods. For parameter estimation, we derive an expectation-maximization algorithm that optimizes the penalized log-likelihood. The tuning parameters of the procedure are selected by a likelihood cross-validation criterion that yields satisfactory results in various simulation settings. Simulation results reveal that the proposed method can better identify the possibly sparse structure of the true factor loading matrix with higher estimation accuracy than existing methods. A real data example is also presented to demonstrate its performance in practice.     

空间滞后面板平滑转换模型的估计及数值模拟

将空间滞后项引入面板平滑转换模型,构建了空间滞后面板平滑转换模型,通过综合应用拟极大似然法和非线性最小二乘法,构造了该模型的参数估计方法,并通过蒙特卡洛数值模拟探讨了参数估计方法的小样本性质;数值模拟结果显示,提出的估计方法在小样本条件下表现良好,参数估计值随着样本容量的增大而收敛到参数的真值。     

Joint estimation of multiple high‐dimensional Gaussian copula graphical models

A joint estimation approach for multiple high‐dimensional Gaussian copula graphical models is proposed, which achieves estimation robustness by exploiting non‐parametric rank‐based correlation coefficient estimators. Although we focus on continuous data in this paper, the proposed method can be extended to deal with binary or mixed data. Based on a weighted minimisation problem, the estimators can be obtained by implementing second‐order cone programming. Theoretical properties of the procedure are investigated. We show that the proposed joint estimation procedure leads to a faster convergence rate than estimating the graphs individually. It is also shown that the proposed procedure achieves an exact graph structure recovery with probability tending to 1 under certain regularity conditions. Besides theoretical analysis, we conduct numerical simulations to compare the estimation performance and graph recovery performance of some state‐of‐the‐art methods including both joint estimation methods and estimation methods for individuals. The proposed method is then applied to a gene expression data set, which illustrates its practical usefulness.