创新驱动文献综述

创新驱动是我国战略发展部署的核心方针,有学者就创新驱动是通过技术驱动抑或内生增长展开一系列讨论,对其实现路径具有不同的见解。动态评价体系相较于静态评价体系成为学者更为认可的方式。总体说来,我国学者定义创新驱动的角度虽有不同,但都强调了创新对促进经济发展的重要作用。就创新驱动的内涵、路径、评价指标体系,以及对企业或者各个领域的影响效果展开论述。     

创新驱动战略下的创新教育浅论

创新驱动国家发展战略的提出,推动各级各类学校大力开展创新教育,深化创新教育改革,提高人才培养质量,这是顺势而为、顺应时代要求。针对当前在开展创新教育活动中所存在的问题,各级各类学校应该更新创新教育观念,把握创新教育内涵,有实效地开展创新教育。     

调整我们的思路和政策：以创新驱动发展

创新是经济社会发展的永恒主题,也是经济社会发展的不竭动力。世界主要发达国家把科技创新作为国家的发展战略,走创新驱动发展之路,已经成为创新型国家。中国提出到2020年进入创新型国家行列的宏伟目标,这就要求我们必须调整发展的思路和政策,坚持走有中国特色的自主创新道路,实现发展模式从要素驱动和投资驱动向创新驱动转变。     

知识异质性与研发团队绩效——以设计驱动创新能力为中介变量

在对知识异质性、设计驱动创新能力和研发团队创新绩效的概念、维度分析和探讨的基础上,以设计驱动创新能力为中介变量,研究知识异质性与团队绩效之间的关系,建立三者的关系模型。将设计驱动创新划分为产品语义设计能力和产品功能设计能力两个维度,探讨知识异质性和研发团队创新绩效两者间存在正相关关系的原因。     

山东省实施科技创新驱动发展问题研究

山东省的发展战略实现驱动创新,这对于突破经济发展的传统形式以及经济的快速发展都有着重要的影响。面对新常态下科技创新方面的机遇和挑战,近年来,山东省高度重视科技创新对推动发展的作用,以制度创新促进科技创新,较好地实现了科技创新与经济发展的融合。     

构建与创新驱动发展战略相适应的财税体制研究

深入研究创新驱动发展规律,把握科技创新的全生命周期规律、要素组合规律、分工生产规律和产业个性化规律;构建与创新驱动发展战略相适应的财税体制要顺应科技创新的内在规律,精准把握主攻方向,从供给侧和需求侧两个方面共同发力,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合,全面实施人才导向、以科技创新全产业链为目标、全生命周期不同环节差异化、跨区域分工合作的财税体制。     

关于创新驱动发展推进百年发展目标的研究

通过以建国百年发展目标为问题研究的切入点,对十八大报告中提出的创新驱动发展的问题进行理论分析。在此前提下提出经济增长方式由要素驱动型发展为创新驱动型,面对我国当前社会主义市场经济发展中所遇到的问题和机遇,结合十八大报告中提出的创新驱动发展战略,应对新的挑战来临提出科学的对策建议。     

“十二五”期间上海创新驱动发展重大突破与进展评估

“十二五”时期,上海按照“四个率先”的国家战略要求,加快转变经济发展方式,城市创新发展取得了重大突破.面向“十三五”,上海在推进和实施创新驱动发展战略方面还应该:优化顶层设计,实施创新驱动战略;突破制度障碍,注入政府支持动力;利用公共资源,健全科创服务体系;扩大创新主体,提升创新产出效率;加大载体建设,激发企业创新活力;集聚人才优势,打造核心技术水平.     

学校如何才能创新驱动，可持续发展

一个学校的创新驱动、可持续发展，是一个系统工程，需要考虑方方面面的因素。本文从思想理念创新、制度机制创新、队伍建设创新、人才培养创新四个方面，分析探讨了学校如何才能创新驱动，推动可持续发展。     

上海“创新驱动,转型发展”评价指标体系研究

构建上海"创新驱动,转型发展"评价指标体系,应遵循体现"创新驱动,转型发展"的特点、兼顾区域比较、结合当前重点和着眼长远需要4个原则,从多个维度展开分析和研究:一是经济结构合理化,主要从产业结构、投资与消费结构、收入分配结构、企业所有制结构等的优化方面加以考察;二是创新驱动和经济运行质量提升,主要从创新成果、节能减排、经济效益、居民收入、就业等方面加以考察;三是社会生态环境优化,主要从生态环境、社会环境等方面加以考察。上海的"创新驱动,转型发展"评价指标体系应包含"创新驱动""转型发展"和"民生改善"3个子指标体系和30个具体的评价指标。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.