“三生”空间优化及京津冀生态环境保护

正近年来,伴随着工业化进程的加速,中国城镇化进程快速推进。1990年~2012年,全国城市建成区面积由1.29万平方公里增加到4.56万平方公里,12年间增长了2.5倍,年平均增长达到5.9%;城市建设用地面积由1.16万平方公里增加到4.58万平方公里,增长2.9倍,年平均增长6.4%。与此同时,城市人口则由3.03亿增加到7.12亿,增长了1.35倍,年平均增长4.0%。这种大规模的持续开发建设活动给国土空间开发和环境资源保护带来了巨大压力,已经出现了地区差距扩大、部分地区过度开发导致资源环境约束趋于极限、生态     

小城镇污水治理研究--以天津市汉沽区为例

一、概述 城镇污水是造成我国水环境污染的主要原因之一.我国现有城镇2万多个,星罗棋布,绝大多数都没有污水处理设施,对水资源构成严重威胁.根据"十五"计划纲要和<"十五"城镇化发展重点专项规划>,"十五"期间要新增城市污水处理能力2600万立方米,2005年城市污水集中处理率要达到45%,50万人口以上的城市要达到60%.据统计,到2005年要建550座城市污水处理厂,其中日处理能力5万立方米以下的污水处理厂278座,日处理能力5万～8万立方米的污水处理厂90座,小城镇污水集中处理设施将呈高速增长的态势.     

对我国城市建设盲目症的反思

改革开放30年来．我国已形成了以大城市为中心、中小城市为骨干、小城镇为基础的多层次城镇体系。进入新世纪后．以举办2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世博会为契机．我国迎来了新一轮城市扩充改造的建设高潮。数据显示．“十五”期间．我国完成的市政公用设施投资总额达到2．03万亿元．比“九五”时期增加了2．85倍：而2007年一年．全国完成的市政建设投资就达到9552亿元．比“九五”5年间累计的市政投资总和还多出2048亿元。     

坚持科学发展观抓住发展新机遇推进城市建设管理新跨越

一、"十五"期间天津城建工作回顾 "十五"期间,天津城市建设工作在天津市委、市政府的正确领导下,坚持以邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导,树立和落实科学发展观,把工作的着力点放在提高基础设施承载功能和创建宜居城市上,为全市经济社会发展和群众生活提供了服务和保障."十五"期间全市累计完成市政公用设施和公路建设投资736亿元,完成房地产投资1140亿元,分别是"九五"的2.4倍和2.2倍,投资比重分别占全市固定资产投资的13.8%和21.3%.总结"十五"期间城市建设管理工作,主要取得了6个方面的成效.     

19世纪末叶埃及人民的反英斗争

19世纪末叶埃及的政治经济形势19世纪70年代,埃及的政治经济状况,有了较大的变化. 1877年,耕地面积增加到474万多亩,灌溉渠达1.34万多公里,棉花出口量由50年代中期的52万坎塔尔①增加到1880年的300万坎塔尔.②甘蔗的种植面积也增长较快,工业得到了一定程度的发展.1873年,有2万多工人.③铁路由50年代的200多公里,增至1880年的1300公里.④电报电缆长5200公里.⑤亚历山大港成为重要的对外贸易港口.苏伊士运河通航以后,更多的国际航线经过埃及.西方列强加紧控制埃及,并为争夺这个战略     

60年变化中的数字

就业规模 我国全部就业人员由1952年的2.07亿增加到2008年的7.75亿,增长了3.74倍,其中1978年到2008年年均增加1200多万人.三次产业就业人员比重分别由1978年70 5%、17.3%和12.2%调整为2008年的39.6%、27.2%、33.2%.城镇登记失业率长期稳定在较低水平,就业局势总体平稳.     

也门石油发展的大飞跃

南北也门自从1990年5月22日统一后,石油天然气工业又出现了一个大的飞跃.1988年原北也门开始出口石油,结束了也门贫油的历史,一跃成为阿拉伯石油输出国.在统一后的三年内,在南方哈达拉毛省的吉那、什布挝、麦西拉等地又发现了大量的石油和天然气.到目前为止,也门已与40多家外国公司等订了开采石油合同.石油开采区达240,967平方米.1992年国家投资12.48亿里亚尔,到1993年6月底,已建成31口油井,占合同计划开采量的45%.也门石油部宣布,1993年9月北方马里卜油井量日产量己达到30万桶,估计到2000年也门石油日产量可达100万桶.石油年产量1990年为6.9亿桶.石油年出口量由1990年的3200多万桶增加到1993年底的5000万桶.截止1993年5月底已储备石油20亿桶.除原马里卜——荷台达输油管外,1993年9月24日又建成马哈拉     

开拓创新 扎实工作推进城建事业实现新跨越

2011年是天津城乡建设和交通建设事业大发展的一年.在市委、市政府领导下,全市完成市政交通和房地产建设投资2452亿元,占全市固定资产投资总量的33％.京沪高铁、西站、南站和城市配套工程以及塘承、津宁、112国道高速、张贵庄污水处理厂一期等一批重大项目竣工并投入使用.全市新开工各类房屋建筑4380万平方米,累计施工面积超过1.03万平方米.     

污泥好氧发酵技术应用研究

一、我国污泥处理发展的背景截至2010年9月,我国已建成城镇污水处理厂2630座,日污水处理能力1.22亿立方米,在建污水处理厂1849座,预计日污水处理能力4900万立方米。与污水处理工程高速建设的情况不同,我国污泥处理事业尚处于基础阶段。随着我国城市化进程的加快和环境质量标准的提高,污水处理率和处理程度逐年     

失能老年人长期护理的需求规模评估、费用测算与经济效应预测

伴随着失能风险的增加,老年人长期护理问题成为人口老龄化研究的新课题.基于CHARLS等相关数据,改进Markov模型,测算2020—2060年失能老年人长期护理需求规模及费用,并预测经济效应,结果表明:(1)老年人数量呈倒"U"形增长趋势,并于2048年左右达到顶峰,约为4.34亿人;失能老年人呈逐年上升趋势,于2060年达到1.84亿人.(2)失能老年人长期护理费用由2020年的3906.57亿元增长到2060年的44973.16亿元,增长11.51倍,其中轻度、中度和重度失能老年人长期护理费用分别增长8.92倍、15.55倍和21.17倍.(3)老年护理劳动力需求量预测显示,由90.33万人上升到228.98万人,增长2.54倍;机构养老护理型床位需求量预测显示,由241.03万张增长到553.11万张,增长2.29倍;老年护理市场直接经济增量预测显示,由3906.57亿元增长到44973.16亿元,增长11.51倍.基于此,本文提出包括坚持"以制度为基础、以服务为核心、以救助为兜底、以法律为准绳"的基本原则,建立失能动态监控机制,完善养老服务财政补贴制度等政策建议.     

公共租赁住房解析

随着我国保障性住房建设的不断深入和发展,城市中低收入群体的住房条件得到了较大的改善,但是也暴露出了一些问题,“夹心层”的出现就是其中很典型的问题之一。公共租赁住房在我国保障性住房体系中是最近一两年刚刚出现的新的住房保障形式。     

上海市民消费需求调研报告

调查显示,上海市民平均消费倾向相对偏低,同时消费支出结构呈现多元化发展趋势,这是目前上海市民消费的两大基本特征。影响市民消费水平的因素主要有收入水平、投资意愿、消费观念以及消费品供给等。应紧紧抓住当前市民在网络、汽车、文化等方面的消费热点,采用各种灵活有效的方式,尽可能化解制约消费扩大的各项不利因素,进一步刺激消费增长,推动上海经济健康发展。     

Economic perspectives on public relations

This paper explores the relationship between economic theory and public relations, in order to explain how public relations management contributes to companies’ overall economic gains. It uses a “blend” of economic theories to explain the role and contribution of public relations from the economic point of view. The paper sees a link between the strategic management of public relations as a function, and portions of neoclassical theory, as well as to alternative economic approaches relating to investments and transaction costs.     

Rethinking constraints on public relations practice

Analysis of survey responses from 371 public relations professionals in four-year colleges and universities revealed two constraints on how public relations is practiced. In the communication technician role, disclosure of information about the organization is constrained. In the manager role, participation in the decision-making process is constrained. Implications of these constraints for what can be communicated outside and what can be done inside the organization are discussed. Strategies for practitioners and educators in addressing constraints are presented, particularly in light of the recent movement toward Total Quality Management (TQM) in U.S. organizations.Duane Sweep is a marketing officer for the First American Bank in Minot ND; Glen T. Cameron is an assistant professor and RuthAnn Weaver Lariscy is an associate professor, both in public relations at the Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia.     

International public relations’ influence on media coverage and public perceptions of foreign countries

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of international public relations on a target country's news coverage and public perceptions toward other countries. This study proposed a public relations influence model of national image formation and tested its relationships based on 27 countries’ public relations effort targeting the U.S. news coverage and publics. This study found that (1) public relations of other countries in the U.S. had a direct impact on how significantly the U.S. public perceived those countries; (2) the more prominently and favorably foreign countries were covered by the U.S. news media, the more significantly and favorably the U.S. public perceived and felt toward those countries.     

Opportunities for public relations research in public health

While communication researchers have developed a solid body of knowledge in the health field, we know little about the activities of public relations practitioners in public health bodies. This is unfortunate, because public health bodies at the federal, state, and local level have faced considerable criticism for what amounts to poor public relations. Public relations scholarship and practice have much to offer the field of public health in helping public health bodies meet their challenges. In order for public relations scholars to assist public health bodies, however, scholars first must fill a void in the research by investigating the public relations functions of public health bodies. The author suggests six avenues of public relations research in the field of public health.     

Developing public information on nursing home quality

The need for greater public information about nursing home quality is growing. While there are problems in using existing administrative data on nursing home quality from federal certification surveys, it is probably more feasible to use such data than to conduct direct surveys of residents and their family members and friends. Administrative records could be used to provide greater information on quality than is currently reported by the Health Care Financing Administration. These records could also be used to develop a rating system for nursing homes based upon key quality indicators and administrative sanctions. This challenge is one that should be undertaken to ensure greater access to information on quality of care in nursing homes and to stimulate efforts by nursing homes to improve quality.     

Moral principles shaping public policy on euthanasia

People's fear of enduring a prolonged, costly dying while attached to life-sustaining machines has prompted support for the legalization of active euthanasia. Four major principles--sanctity of life, prohibition against killing, autonomy, and the common good--have a bearing on the debate.