当代大学生道德教育与道德行为现状分析

随着时代的发展,当代大学生道德教育产生了一些问题,具体表现为大学生道德教育与大学生道德需要和道德生活脱节,从而使大学生道德行为产生了变化,其根源是长期忽视大学生道德需要,大学生道德教育理论不完善。     

论青少年的需要与道德行为

作为人的积极性的重要源泉,需要是个体行为产生的原动力。人的需要既受道德的规范制约,又深刻影响着个体的道德发展和道德行为。特别是对正处于道德成长关键期的青少年而言,需要的满足是其道德人格生长的重要基础,需要受挫则会阻碍其道德品质的良性发展;需要心理的状态调节着人的道德行为,非理性的需要心理则是青少年不道德行为产生的心理根源;道德需要驱动着青少年对道德的主动践行,道德需要不足则会阻碍其道德实践。因此,培育青少年的良好德行,一定要注意从人的现实需要出发,尊重并关怀青少年的合理需要、积极引导他们学会理性需要、努力激发青少年的道德需要。     

加强中学生的道德行为养成教育

中学生的道德行为养成教育对于中学生的健康成长、社会的安定、中华民族道德素质的提高有着重要的意义。但是,由于家庭的忽视,学校德育实效性的偏低以及社会不良环境的污染,中学生的道德行为养成教育不尽如人意。因此,必须从家庭、学校、社会三方面入手,采取切实有效措施,以加强中学生的道德行为养成教育。     

大学生网络道德行为现状的调查及对策研究

大学生是国内网民中最活跃的群体。由于大学生人格、道德修养和行为自律能力尚未定型,过度上网容易引发网络道德失范行为问题。对浙江某高校375名大学生网络道德行为调查显示:首先,大学生的网络道德情况总体中等偏下,一部分大学生可能涉及网络违法;其次,大学生的网络道德教育缺失,网络法律意识较为淡漠;最后,大学生的道德观还不成熟,道德自律意识较差。为此,从政府立法、社会监管、学校教育、家庭教育和个人道德素质提升等方面提出了相应的对策和建议。     

大学生网络道德行为失范与调适研究——以南京地区为例

大学生作为受网络影响最深、最大且数量最为集中的群体,其网络使用行为文明与否、网络道德水准之高低引起了人们的广泛关注。本研究以问卷调查的方法,对南京地区的6所高校大学生的网络道德行为状况进行了调查,探讨了我国大学生网络道德失范行为的现状、特点,并提出了若干对策。     

从听思想品德课优质课谈学生道德认知和道德行为的脱节

由于种种原因,初中思品教学实践中普遍存在学生道德认知与道德行为脱节、知行不一的现象。本文通过分析原因、提出策略,以达到促进学生知行合一的目的。     

论情感认同是人的主体性标识

情感认同作为人自我确证的一个重要标识,不是拒绝承认主体情感的一致性,而是更好的发扬主体性,体现主体的价值性。主体的情感属性是与民族性同时生成的,并通过认同实现的一种存在。这样的情感认同具有层次性,以理性认知为基础,最终诉诸于主体的价值认同,以积极情感的展现充分体现人的主体性。     

论社会主义核心价值观的培育与践行--基于个体价值认同视角

社会主义核心价值观的凝练不仅是中国特色社会主义现代化建设的重大理论创新,也是马克思主义中国化理论成果的又一次理性升华。本文试图从个体价值认同视角出发,理清社会主义核心价值观的科学内涵与个体价值认同间的关系,从社会个体层面探究个体对社会主义核心价值观的价值认知与评价、深入价值认同,最终实现个体对核心价值观的价值自觉和实践自觉。     

思想道德教育失效的原因分析——失误在“高指标”“急躁病”和否定“道德行为中间带”

建国以来,我们的思想道德建设存在严重的高指标急躁病。其原因是急于跨进共产主义的“高指标急躁病”和否定“道德行为中间带”。解决的方法是肯定“道德行为中间带”,遵循思想政治道德建设内在客观规律。     

残疾人价值认同的人学意蕴

残疾人价值认同,既包括社会和他人对"残疾人价值"的肯定、理解和赞同,也包括残疾人的自我价值确证,关乎残疾人本质力量的彰显与社会身份的确认.残疾人价值认同是长期存在的社会问题,在新的时代条件下,残疾人渴望价值得到认同的期盼更加强烈.但是,残疾人价值认同依然面临实践矛盾,现代社会生产方式和文化建构的实然状况尚未完全满足残疾人实现价值认同的时代诉求,迫切需要从马克思主义人学视角对残疾人价值认同问题予以分析和考察.作为关照人的生存发展的哲学样态,马克思主义人学将劳动作为人的价值生成和获得认同的实践基础,将人的文化及其建构作为人实现价值塑造的精神基础.我们需考量残疾人价值认同的人学诉求,从劳动实践视域分析残疾人价值认同的实践基础及应然态势,从文化视域实现残疾人价值认同的文化建构及其优化,挖掘残疾人价值认同的人学意蕴,促进残疾人价值认同的纵深延展.     

Hand over Heart Primes Moral Judgments and Behavior

Morality is a prominent guide of both action and perception. We argue that non-emotional gestures can prime the abstract concept of honesty. Four studies demonstrated that the emblematic gesture associated with honesty (putting a hand on one’s heart) increased the level of honesty perceived by others, and increased the honesty shown in one’s own behavior. Target persons performing this gesture were described in terms associated with honesty, and appeared more trustworthy to others than when the same targets were photographed with a control gesture. Persons performing the hand-over-heart gesture provided more honest assessments of others’ attractiveness, and refrained from cheating, as compared to persons performing neutral gestures. These findings suggest that bodily experience associated with abstract concepts can influence both one’s perceptions of others, and one’s own complex actions. Further, our findings suggest that this influence is not mediated by changes in affective states.     

The Need for Web-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy Among University Students

ABSTRACT

This study investigates students' need for a web-based cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) intervention program for preventing depression, the mental health status of those who felt a need for such a program, and underlying factors of the intention to use web-based self-help. A conceptual model for explaining intention to use web-based self-help is proposed. Nearly half of the participants reported a need for help with psychological problems, but only a third of these actually sought help from traditional mental health services. In conclusion, there is a need for web-based self-help, and web-based CBT has the potential to attract a group of students who, so far, have not been reached by traditional mental health services.     

大学生的道德生活与生活道德

大学生的"道德教育"是一个较为难解的课题.笔者想要探讨的不仅仅是强调道德教育的意义何在,而是研析一代学子如何在道德生活和生活道德的"软"环境中,和谐发展,健康成人,不断为人类文明和社会进步作出自己的贡献.大学生的道德人培育需要在道德生活和生活道德的交融中,通过实践逐步沟通大学生的"生活世界"与"心灵世界",达到道德的自律与他律的互动,并逐步由被培育、被塑造转变为自我培育、自我塑造,也许当代大学生道德建设的创新和实效将从这里生成.     

BPD and the Need for Community

SUMMARY

This chapter emphasizes the importance of a community/systems approach in managing the treatment of individuals with borderline personality disorder. The natural systems existing around patient, clinician and family are recognized, and we examine how working teams are built from these systems. The Borderline Center at McLean Hospital is used as an illustration of an organizational model that utilizes the concept of the “holding environment” (Winnicott, 1965) to provide comprehensive services to borderline patients and their families. As patients move through various levels of care and exhibit typical borderline symptomatology, the importance of communication and coordination on the part of the treatment team is highlighted. This chapter also will illustrate the essential ways in which patients, clinicians and families are able to join together in the treatment of this disorder, with special emphasis on the necessity of family involvement. We also will examine how the treatment teams provide the foundation for larger communities, which are critical to sustaining the ongoing work of its members.     

Our Pockets of Need

By the time this appears in print, a most ambitious venture into the field of social action will have been undertaken by the Victorian Branch of Social Workers' Association, in collaboration with the Victorian Council of Social Service.     

Moral hazard and stability

Economists perceive moral hazard as an undesirable problem because it undermines efficiency. Carefully designed contracts can mitigate the moral hazard problem, but this assumes that a team is already formed. This paper demonstrates that these contracts are sometimes the reason why teams do not form. Formally, we study the team formation problem in which the agents’ efforts are not verifiable and the size of teams does not exceed quota \(r\) . We show that if the team members cannot make transfers, then moral hazard affects stability positively in a large class of games. For example, a stable team structure exists if teams produce public goods or if the quota is two. However, these existence results no longer hold if efforts are verifiable.