共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Edward J. Schumacher 《Journal of Labor Research》2009,30(1):9-34
This paper examines the earnings differentials among hospital workers in the public, private nonprofit, and private for-profit
sectors. Utilizing data from the 1995 through 2007 Current Population Surveys, unadjusted earnings are highest in the private
nonprofit sector and lowest in private for-profit firms. Once measurable characteristics are accounted for, health practitioners
in for-profit and nonprofit hospitals earn similar wages while public sector workers earn small but significant wage penalties.
Nonprofit hospitals tend to attract workers with higher levels of skill as measured by schooling and potential experience.
This could be explained in part by worker sorting and lower cost containment incentives in nonprofit hospitals. Wage change
analysis using pooled 2-year panels constructed from the CPS indicate no significant differences in earnings between the three
sectors of employment. Whatever the role of the sector of employment on the overall earnings of hospital workers, there is
sufficient worker mobility within the industry to largely eliminate systematic wage differences across type of hospital.
相似文献
Edward J. SchumacherEmail: |
2.
Gary Chaison 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(4):642-657
I ask whether the highly confrontational collective bargaining in the airlines is unique to that industry or a sign of a deepening
crisis in union–management relations nationally. First, airline labor relations are reviewed in the context of extremely contentious
negotiations, intense industry competition, complex and fragmented bargaining structures, frequent bankruptcies, and unpredictable
external shocks. Next, concessionary bargaining in the airlines is discussed, and a new and extreme form of concessionary
bargaining is identified. The emergence of the new concessionary bargaining in the airlines and its spread to the automobile
sector is then interpreted as the early signs of a fundamental transformation of collective bargaining. The implications of
the new concessionary bargaining are then described at the workplace, company, union, and societal levels.
相似文献
Gary ChaisonEmail: |
3.
Joseph J. Sabia 《Journal of Labor Research》2009,30(1):75-97
Proponents of state and federal minimum wage increases argue that past minimum wage hikes have not adversely affected retail
employment. However, the existing empirical evidence is mixed. This study uses monthly data from the 1979–2004 Current Population
Survey to provide new estimates of the effect of minimum wage increases on retail employment and hours worked. The findings
suggest evidence of modest adverse effects. A 10% increase in the minimum wage is associated with a 1% decline in retail trade
employment and usual weekly hours worked. Larger negative employment and hours effects are observed for the least experienced
workers in the retail sector. These results are robust across a number of specifications, but are sensitive to controls for
state time trends.
相似文献
Joseph J. SabiaEmail: |
4.
Fredrik Heyman 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(1):11-26
I use Swedish establishment-level panel data to test the hypothesis of Bertola and Rogerson (Eur Econ Rev 41:1147–1171 1997) of a positive relation between the degree of wage compression and job reallocation. Results indicate that the effect of
wage compression on job turnover is positive and significant in the manufacturing sector. The wage compression effect is stronger
on job destruction than on job creation, consistent with downward wage rigidity. Further results include a strong positive
relationship between the fraction of temporary employees and job turnover and a negative relationship between the amount of
working-time flexibility and job reallocation.
相似文献
Fredrik HeymanEmail: |
5.
The countries of Central and Eastern Europe experienced a rapid increase of return to education with the advent of the transition.
We look at the dynamics of wage premiums in Croatia and estimate how much the return to education has changed between 1996
and 2004 on the basis of labor force survey data. We also extend the paper in order to address additional features of the
wage structure, such as non-linearities in the return to education associated with attainment of credentials. We find that
contrary to most transition countries, premiums for education in Croatia began to grow only after the mid 1990s. However,
by 2004, they reached the levels of premiums found in other transition countries and advanced market economies, thus creating
market incentives for investment in education. We also find that major part of this higher rate of return came through higher
return to credentials.
相似文献
Vedran ŠošićEmail: |
6.
Rosanne Rutten 《Qualitative sociology》2006,29(3):353-372
Shame – a feeling of social inadequacy and (the anticipation of) public humiliation – may inhibit worker activism. This article
discusses the role of shame, as an emotion and a behavioral disposition, in face-to-face confrontations between workers and
employers, embedded in an authority structure marked by patron-clientage and personal dependency. It explores how shame may
function as an obstacle to face-to-face confrontations and claim-making, and how workers and leftwing activists try to overcome
this hurdle.
相似文献
Rosanne RuttenEmail: |
7.
Paul W. Miller 《Journal of Labor Research》2009,30(1):52-74
Analyses of data from the 2000 US Census show that the gender pay gap differs by sector of employment and according to the
part of the earnings distribution that is considered. The gender pay differential in the private sector in the US does not
display either the glass ceiling or sticky floor effects that have been reported for many other countries. The government
sector is, however, characterized by a distinct sticky floor effect in the female–male pay differential. Regardless of the
sector of employment, females have lower hourly rates of pay than men across the entire earnings distribution.
相似文献
Paul W. MillerEmail: |
8.
Paul Hettler 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(3):477-486
No completely satisfactory explanation for the persistent and well-documented large-firm wage premium has been found. I use
a novel adaptation of the Oaxaca/Blinder wage discrimination model to examine the firm-size wage differential which allows
the wage differential to be decomposed into the portions attributable to (1) differences in employee endowments, (2) how the
firm values these endowments, and (3) residual differences. Small firms actually pay higher wages based on how they value
their workers’ endowments, but this wage premium was overshadowed by the superior endowments of workers in large firms and
a residual differential in favor of large firms.
相似文献
Paul HettlerEmail: |
9.
Wayne K. Talley 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(3):515-524
I investigate the earnings differentials among union and nonunion seafarers, across seafarer occupations, and with respective
to other transport operatives. The empirical results suggest that the union and nonunion weekly earnings of captains/mates
are comparable, and the union earnings gap for sailors/deckhands is positive. The union (nonunion) weekly earnings of captains/mates
are 14.7 (30.5) percent greater than those of sailors/deckhands; the union weekly earnings of captains/mates (sailors/deckhands)
are 12.6% greater (9.5% less) than those of truck drivers; and the nonunion weekly earnings of captains/mates (sailors/deckhands)
are 33.0% greater (6.2% less) than those of truck drivers. The sailor/deckhand and truck driver earnings differentials are
contrary to the general belief that the earnings of truck drivers are less than those of other operative occupations involved
in transporting intermodal cargo.
相似文献
Wayne K. TalleyEmail: |
10.
Jackie Gabriel 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(1):68-87
Faced with declining union membership and a growing immigrant workforce, the US labor movement has started to realize the
importance of organizing immigrant workers. Yet the conventional wisdom among many within the movement is that immigrant workers
are “unorganizable.” Based on a case study of a collaborative effort between the United Food and Commercial Workers Union
and Omaha Together, One Community to organize an estimated 4,000 Latino immigrant meatpacking workers, I demonstrate not only
the “organizability” of immigrant workers, but also the fact that they have been organizing themselves, with the help of a
community-based organization, in the absence of union efforts. This case study suggests that in order to facilitate successful
organizing campaigns among immigrant workers, unions need to reach out to community-based organizations and institutions that
have established relationships with immigrant workers.
相似文献
Jackie GabrielEmail: |
11.
Yonatan Reshef 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(4):677-696
In the public sector, Canadian governments intervene frequently in labor disputes by suspending collective bargaining and
curtailing legal strikes. Previous research has focused on the contours of government intervention, such as its overall effects
on collective bargaining and strikes. The discussion highlights one actor, a government, restricting the behavior of another
actor, a union, using legislation and policy making. As a result, we know less about more micro-level elements and implications
of the process of government intervention. I address these themes using a detailed case study of the Alberta Teachers’ Association
and the strikes it coordinated in 2002.
相似文献
Yonatan ReshefEmail: |
12.
Donald F. Vitaliano 《Review of Economics of the Household》2009,7(2):179-188
Women employed in the New York paper box industry in 1913–1914 earned about 60% of what men did. This paper employs the human
capital framework to analyze the wage differential due to productivity related factors versus discriminatory nepotism towards
men. Years of schooling, years of experience in the paper box trade, and legislative restrictions on working hours of women
account for virtually all of the observed wage differential, both for all men and women in the paper box industry, and between
the skilled occupations of cutters and strippers.
相似文献
Donald F. VitalianoEmail: |
13.
We study the long-term impact of job displacement from a big state owned enterprise as a result of its privatization in a
developing country. Our results suggest large reductions in earnings, which persist throughout the years. However, we also
find that the displaced worker’s post-displacement earnings are in line with competitive market wages, and unrelated to sector
of employment or to tenure losses, indicating that the long-term reduction in earnings as a result of displacement because
of privatization can be traced to the loss of wage rents. Our results indicate that job displacement in SOEs may have very
large redistributive implications for the workers involved but that this loss does not necessarily reflect the loss of specific
human capital associated to these jobs.
相似文献
Federico Sturzenegger (Corresponding author)Email: |
14.
Giuliana Urso Lina Ognyanova Stoeva Yana Ognyanova Stoeva Federica Migliardi Guo Ankang Shao Yijan 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(2):352-367
Nowadays we can talk about a “Knowledge Revolution” because managing of information plays a crucial role in our society, both
in public and private sphere. After a brief introduction—aimed at underling the main points we will debate on—the first part
of the article focus on Knowledge Management techniques and knowledge-based government (k-Government) and the great potential
in respect to the public sector transformation. The second part takes into account the social dimension of knowledge managing
and the ethical relevance that social networking is progressively acquiring. After that, we have chosen to focus on global
warming, indeed, the last session is a detailed analysis of a real case study related to China’s energy security. In the end,
a wise use of Knowledge resources, trough the comparison with past experiences, turn out to be the powerful device that will
let us provide some useful suggestion for a significant public action.
相似文献
Shao YijanEmail: |
15.
16.
Younghwan Song 《Journal of Labor Research》2009,30(3):201-218
By matching industry/occupation data on training to displaced worker data from the Current Population Surveys, this paper
analyzes why many older workers were displaced by technological changes in the 1990s, and why these workers incurred large
earnings losses. When technological changes depreciate the existing stock of firm-specific human capital, older workers who
receive higher wages from the sharing arrangement of the returns to investment in firm-specific human capital are dismissed
as firms find it unprofitable to retain them. These displaced workers have higher predisplacement wages with steeper wage–tenure
profiles, and hence incur larger earnings losses after displacement than other displaced workers.
相似文献
Younghwan SongEmail: |
17.
Fadzlan Sufian 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(1):114-126
By applying the non-parametric Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) method, this paper attempts to investigate the sources of
productivity changes of China’s State Owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) and Joint Stock Commercial Banks (JSCBs) during the period
2000–2005. The empirical findings suggest that the China banking sector has exhibited productivity progress attributed to
the increase in efficiency. The empirical findings suggest that the SOCBs and the JSCBs have exhibited productivity progress
of 0.2 and 1.3%, respectively.
相似文献
Fadzlan SufianEmail: |
18.
John T. Addison Lutz Bellmann Thorsten Schank Paulino Teixeira 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(2):114-137
This paper uses matched employee–employer LIAB data to provide panel estimates of the structure of labor demand in western
Germany, 1993–2002, distinguishing between highly skilled, skilled, and unskilled labor and between the manufacturing and
service sectors. Reflecting current preoccupations, our demand analysis seeks also to accommodate the impact of technology
and trade in addition to wages. The bottom-line interests are to provide elasticities of the demand for unskilled (and other)
labor that should assist in short-run policy design and to identify the extent of skill biases or otherwise in trade and technology.
相似文献
John T. AddisonEmail: |
19.
This study used a rule induction, as a form of “machine learning” for pattern recognition to examine an alleged common law
put forward by Arbitrator Carroll Daugherty regarding key factors used by labor arbitrators in the United States to decide
discipline and discharge cases. Control variables for public sector or private sector origin of the case and characteristics
of the aggrieved employee(s) or of the arbitrator were not found to influence arbitral thought. However, the alleged common
law identified by Carroll Daugherty provided a set of rules which had a hit ratio of nearly 90% indicating strong support
for there actually being a common law developed over the period examined. This scientific evidence supports the hypothesized
common law of just cause for discipline being applied by labor arbitrators. Further, the existence of such common law should
provide greater predictability and consistency to disciplinary proceedings and may be useful in examining similarly situated
decision-making activities in arbitration, law, and other professions.
相似文献
David A. DiltsEmail: |
20.
Xiaomin Chen 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(2):421-428
The legal transitions of private ownership from being admitted limitedly to being protected equally with public ownership,
and of the peasants’ right on rural lands from a contractual right to the right in rem, are almost the same process of social reform. And in the interaction of social development and legislation, the law has
taken on an increasing role in social transition.
相似文献
Xiaomin ChenEmail: |