跟上奥巴马的脚步

放下生意,补偿家人的失落,和他们去度假!首席执行官们正在遇到一件麻烦事:在自己好不容易争取来的休假期内,如何带领自己的家人去一个满意的度假地。美国电影《房车之旅》就讲述了这样的故事。说是一个叫鲍勃的公司首席执行官,平     

财务负责人在市场经济中扮演的战略角色

市场经济条件下,财务负责人作为一个部门的财务总监,角色需要重新定位。本文从财务负责人的素质战略、能力规划和财务负责人在人际关系中的非权利性影响角度研究财务负责人在市场经济中扮演的战略角色。     

The East German Wage Structure in the Transition to a Market Economy

ABSTRACT: An important question for the development of the East German labour market in the transition to a market economy is whether wage differentials by qualification, industry or region (which were relatively small in the former GDR) adjust to those in market economies which are more in line with differences in productivities and economic conditions. We estimate empirical earnings functions to quantify the contribution of various important factors shaping the earnings distribution in the East German transition process. Estimation is based on the first six waves of the Labour Market Monitor which is a representative panel data set of the East German working-age population covering the period 1990 to 1992. The specification of the estimated earnings functions is motivated by the various hypotheses of the development of the East German wage structure in the transformation process. Although we find some similarities with the existing wage structure in West Germany, the East German wage structure still differs in some important dimensions.     

市场经济客观规律初探

我国广大企业在经济体制转型过程中, 面临了前所未有的挑战与机遇. 但在客观环境相同或类似的情况下, 企业经营的结果却出现明显差距. 从深层次来分析, 主宰企业兴衰成败命运的, 是不以人们意志为转移的市场经济客观规律. 自觉不自觉地遵照了这些客观规律, 企业就会发展壮大, 走向成功; 反之则会衰落. 研究掌握这些客观规律, 将有助于企业在经营管理中减少盲目性, 增强自觉性, 取得更多一点的经营主动权. 本文是企业在市场经济下应遵循的一些客观规律的初步探索.     

提高驾驭市场经济的能力

在新世纪新阶段,我们的各级领导干部面临着在一种崭新的经济体制下领导经济工作的艰巨任务。在社会主义制度下搞市场经济是没有先例可循的,这个创举的实现,有赖于全党特别是各级领导干部的能力的提高和完善,以及他们的不懈奋斗。因此可以说,驾驭市场经济的能力,是现阶段中国共产党执政能力的中心内容。把市场经济驾驭住了,不断推进经济发展,我们党才能立于不败之地。一说社会主义也可以搞市场经济,这是邓小平同志的一大贡献。可以说,没有邓小平开辟的新的经济发展道路,就没有改革开放的新局面。但市场经济的发展也带来一个问题,那就是社会主…     

噪音交易、认知偏误与市场波动--基于一个状态可变经济

以世代交叠模型为基本框架,引入理性交易者与噪音交易者来考察股票市场的波动性.真实经济过程在两种状态之间转换,但由于噪音交易者存在认知偏误,他们对不同状态下的随机经济发生概率具有错误的主观信念,而且不同的信念也对期望方差有影响.在市场达到均衡时,根据不同状态的价格差发现首先,经济中的波动性均来自噪音交易者对真实经济的认知偏误,当市场只存在理性交易者时,市场均衡价格保持不变且与经济状态无关,也即市场不存在波动;其次,通过对模型进行的数值模拟可以发现,噪音交易者的认知偏误度、经济状态发生概率和各主体市场份额都对波动有不同影响,因此模型为资产的波动性提供了新的解释.还对进行经验检验的可行性进行了探讨.     

知识营销--知识经济时代的新营销方式

主要分析知识营销这一新市场营销方式的含义、特点,并在此基础上通过实例说明它在实践中是如何被应用的。     

加快镇域民营经济发展--对洪泽县东双沟镇民营企业发展情况的调查与思考

江苏省洪泽县东双沟镇距洪泽城区10公里,辖10个村,总人口3.86万人,是个传统的农业镇。近3年来,该镇采取盘活存量、筑巢引凤、政府扶持等有效措施,走出了一条超常规的发展道路,镇域经济综合实力排名在全市上升了30个位次,经济总量增幅列全县之首。我们希望通过探寻东双沟镇民营企业发展的成功经验和存在的问题,为乡镇民营经济的发展提供一些参考和启示。取得成功的几点经验引凤还巢,扶持全民创业。早在10年前,东双沟镇政府就将劳务输出作为农民增收的一条捷径,在上海、南京、无锡、苏州等地设立了4个劳务输出办事处,与30多个劳务市场和12个大…     

以创新的招商理念构建大开放经济格局

2002年以来,镇平县始终坚持把扩大开放、招商引资上项目作为加快县域经济发展的重大战略,着力盘活县内人力、物力、智力资源,以全新的理念、灵活的政策、求实的作风,强力实施开放带动战略,通过以区位、资源、产业优势为依托,以项目建设为纽带,打造融资平台,扩大开放领域,拓宽招商渠道,强化挂靠联合,致力于以大招商促进大投入、以大开放促进大发展,走出了一条以开放促开发、以开发促发展之路。实践证明,创新招商理念,增投入、上项目,是实现县域经济超常规发展、跳跃式前进的动力所在、潜力所在、希望所在。具体工作中,我们主要坚持以“五求五…     

The Mirror Effect: Corporate Social Responsibility,Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Firm Performance in Coordinated Market Economies and Liberal Market Economies

We investigate the classic management debate of agency versus institutional pressures through the application of the varieties of capitalism literature. In particular, we examine corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate social irresponsibility (CSiR) and their relationships with firm performance in two types of capitalist systems: coordinated market economies (CMEs) and liberal market economies (LMEs). We note that while the CSR literature has tended to develop a balanced view on the influence of agency and institutional pressures, the CSiR literature has tended to emphasize the influence of agency. The latter appears to be a result of the fundamental attribution bias, where irresponsible corporate behaviours are attributed to individual managers or organizations, rather than the institutional environment. Our results, which include five years of data across 16 countries, show significantly greater CSR and significantly lower CSiR in CMEs compared with LMEs. Further, we find a positive relationship between CSR and firm performance in CMEs but not LMEs, and a negative relationship between CSiR and firm performance in LMEs but not CMEs. Overall, our results demonstrate the influence of the institutional environment, suggesting that corporate behaviours mirror the external environment.     

Enterprise Ownership, Market Competition and Manufacturing Priorities in a Sub-Saharan African Emerging Economy: Evidence from Ghana

The economic liberalization policies being implemented by many African economies have led to significant efficiency and performance improvements in the activities of privately owned enterprises. This study examines the effect of the economic liberalization policies on the entrepreneurial development of domestic-owned enterprises. This is done by examining how the type of enterprise ownership (wholly domestic-owned enterprises vs. foreign–domestic joint ventures enterprises), and the increase in competition affect the manufacturing priorities of privately owned enterprises in Ghana. The results show that the enhancement in manufacturing efficiency and quality improvement in privately owned enterprises could be traced to the activities of foreign–domestic joint venture enterprises. However, as market competition increases, wholly domestic-owned enterprises emphasize manufacturing efficiency and quality improvement more that foreign–domestic joint venture enterprises. Implications for policy are discussed.     

为完善社会主义市场经济体制提供组织保证

党的十六届三中全会,是在全党兴起学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想新高潮,全国各族人民沿着党的十六大指引的方向满怀信心全面建设小康社会的历史进程中召开的一次重要会议,对于全面推进我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设,把中国特色社会主义伟大事业继续推向前进,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。当前和今后一个时期,摆在各级组织部门面前的一项重要政治任务,就是要紧密联系组织工作实际,深入学习、领会和贯彻好这次全会精神,为建成完善的社会主义市场经济体制、实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标提供坚强的组织保证。要从全局和战略的高…     

资本结构与产品市场竞争之间的交互作用研究

公司代理成本受到资本结构和产品市场竞争的双重影响,资本结构与产品市场竞争之间还具有关联关系.基于2000年～2006年A股上市公司面板数据的实证研究发现,资本结构和产品市场竞争对代理成本的影响是显著的,影响方式随控股股东性质的不同而不同.资本结构与产品市场竞争之间存在交互作用,股权集中度越高,产品市场竞争的隐性激励效果越弱;产品市场竞争越激烈,股权激励的效果越显著,债务融资的负面效应也越大.产品市场竞争与分散型股权结构、股权激励之间是互补的,与控股型股权结构、债务融资之间相互替代.这一结论对于改善中国上市公司,尤其是国有控股上市公司的公司治理结构具有重要的现实意义.     

The Myth of Restructuring, ‘Competent’ Managers and the Transition to a Market Economy: a Romanian Tale

A great deal of rhetoric surrounds the transformation from socialism to free-market capitalism. This paper explores to what extent the restructuring of Romanian companies has been an attempt to pay lip-service to prevailing rhetoric and to what extent it has been premised upon economic rationality. To restructure along structural, technological, financial but primarily managerial fronts has become a cultural value which is applauded, praised and heralded as the only way forward by the Romanian institutions of the transition. The companies under the study subscribe to such rhetoric only when they regard it as being embedded in economic rationality, as is the case with structural, financial and technological restructuring. Managerial restructuring, on the other hand, is not regarded as a technical necessity, given the view held by existing senior managers that skills and qualities acquired in the socialist regime are still appropriate to run a business successfully in the free-market economy.     

社会责任的信号作用——基于中国市场的研究

承担社会责任能否提升未来公司绩效一直是国内外学者关注的焦点,大部分研究认为履行社会责任有助于提升公司未来绩效,将社会责任视为一种价值投资。在控制了当期绩效因素对企业承担社会责任的影响后,本文发现：（1）承担社会责任不能提升公司未来财务绩效,仅能对企业未来股票回报产生正向影响;（2）当期经济绩效较好的企业,社会责任会对未来财务绩效产生正向影响,而当期经济绩效较差的企业,社会责任会对未来财务绩效产生负向影响。文章结果表明：当期绩效较差公司承担社会责任存在更大成本,当期绩效较好公司可以通过履行社会责任向市场传达信号使其与当期绩效较差公司区分,但此信号行为本身不对公司绩效存在影响。早期研究发现社会责任与未来公司财务绩效的正向关系很可能是因未考虑当期公司绩效同时正向影响当期公司社会责任履行程度和未来财务绩效而产生的伪相关关系。本文实证结果一定程度上对现有社会责任促进公司绩效的理论分析框架构成了挑战。     

Growing up with grief: revisiting the death of a parent over the life course

In the era of managed care, evidence-based practice, and short term, solution focused interventions, clinicians in agency based settings generally do not have the luxury of long-term contact with bereaved children. Although a substantial, yet controversial, literature argues that children cannot fully resolve early loss until adulthood, limited attention is given to how children's understandings of early loss shift as their cognitive capacities mature. This article argues the emotional experience of grief shifts: 1) as children grapple with both normative life changes and the tasks of mourning, and 2) as their cognitive and emotional development allow them to understand and question aspects of their deceased parent's life and death in new ways. This article will present an overview of longitudinal and cross-sectional research on the long-term impact of childhood grief. We then suggest the ways bereaved children and adolescents revisit and reintegrate the loss of a parent as their emotional, moral, and cognitive capacities mature and as normative ego-centrism and magical thinking decline. To demonstrate these ideas, we draw on the case of a parentally bereaved boy and his family presenting across agency-based and private-practice work over the course of 14 years. This case suggests the need for coordinated care for children who are moving beyond the initial trauma of parental loss into various stages of grief and reintegration. While the loss of a parent is permanent and unchanging, the process is not: it is part of the child's ongoing experience. (Worden, 1996, p. 16).